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Civil Defense Urban Analysis TM-8-1; United States Civil Defense

195383600Washington DC: United States Government Printing Office 1953. Presumed First Edition First printing. Wraps. Good. iv 85 7 pages. Fold-outs. Figures. Tables. Scarce original issue. Appendix A; Description of Source Maps and Supplementary Material; Appendix B: Urban Feature Maps Needed for Urban Analysis; Appendix C:Method of Estimating Day Population; and Appendix D: Official Civil Defense Publications. This Technical Manual presents methods and procedures for use by city civil defense organization in preparing a civil defense urban analysis. An urban analysis is the process of collecting presenting analyzing and utilizing pertinent information about urban areas. Since the primary purpose of a civil defense urban analysis is to provide the tools for undertaking realistic civil defense planning all pertinent aspects of the city must be considered. Assembling data and presenting the information graphically on maps is only the first step in an urban analysis. The area in which an exploded A-bomb can cause maximum casualties and physical damage must be located. Then a hypothetical attack must be be assumed and the damaged assessed. From this is determined not only the potential causalities but also the potential damage to each urban feature. Next the physical area of the city must be organized for operations and operational plans developed by the civil defense services. In this manner the urban analysis can be of practical use rather an than as a mere reference material to be looked at occasionally before the attack or to be referred to after the attack. Maximum utilization should be made of available maps and data in municipal and other public agencies as well as those in private institutions. The contents include: Factors affecting civil defense urban analysis; Maps used in urban analysis Target analysis Method of estimating damaged to structures and facilities; Mass fire potential; Techniques for estimating casualties and uninjured-unhoused Maps used in planing operations. There are also included four appendices. United States civil defense refers to the use of civil defense in the history of the United States which is the organized non-military effort to prepare Americans for military attack. Late in the 20th century the term and practice of civil defense fell into disuse. Emergency management and homeland security replaced them. The new dimensions of nuclear war terrified the world and the American people. The sheer power of nuclear weapons and the perceived likelihood of such an attack on the United States precipitated a greater response than had yet been required of civil defense. Civil defense something previously considered an important and common-sense step also became divisive and controversial in the charged atmosphere of the Cold War. In 1950 the National Security Resources Board created a 162-page document outlining a model civil defense structure for the US. Called the "Blue Book" by civil defense professionals in reference to its solid blue cover it was the template for legislation and organization that occurred over the next 40 years. Despite a general agreement on the importance of civil defense Congress never came close to meeting the budget requests of federal civil defense agencies. In declassified US war game analyses of the late 1950-60s it was estimated that approximately 27 million US citizens would have been saved with civil defense education in the event of a Soviet pre-emptive strike. At the time however the cost of a full-scale civil defense program was in cost-benefit analysis deemed less effective than a BMD system and as the adversary was increasing their nuclear stockpile both programs would yield diminishing returns. United States Government Printing Office paperback

Ground Zero Books · États-Unis125,00 $US≈ 105,76 €

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