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(Ibaraki Prefecture) Yachiyo Town Museum of History and FolkloreBiblio.com

Barnouw, JeffreyBiblio.com

ODYSSEUS HERO OF PRACTICAL INTELLIGENCE; Deliberation and Signs in Homer's Odyssey

200439082University Press of America. 2004. Softcover. Near Fine. 388 pages; In dramatic representations and narrative reports of inner deliberation the Odyssey displays the workings of the human mind and its hero's practical intelligence epitomized by anticipating consequences and controlling his actions accordingly. Once his hope of returning home as husband father and king is renewed on Calypso's isle Odysseus shows a consistent will to focus on this purpose and subordinate other impulses to it. His fabled cleverness is now fully engaged in a gradually emerging plan as he thinks back from that final goal through a network of means to achieve it. He relies on "signs"—inferences in the form "if this then that" as defined by the Stoic Chrysippus—and the nature of his intelligence is thematically underscored through contrast with others' recklessness that is failure to heed signs or reckon consequences. In Homeric deliberation the mind is torn between competing options or intentions not between "reason" and "desire." The lack of distinct opposing faculties and hierarchical organization in the Homeric mind far from archaic simplicity prefigures the psychology of Chrysippus who cites deliberation scenes from the Odyssey against Plato's hierarchical tri-partite model. From the Stoics there follows a psychological tradition leading through Hobbes and Leibniz to Peirce and Dewey. These thinkers are drawn upon to show the significance of the conception of "thinking" first articulated in the Odyssey. Homer's work inaugurates an approach that has provoked philosophical conflict persisting into the present and opposition to pragmatism and Pragmatism can be discerned in prominent critiques of Homer and his hero which are analyzed and countered in this study. . 076183026X . University Press of America paperback

Ancient World Books · Canada63,70 $US≈ 53,90 €

Connelly, Joan BretonBiblio.com

The Parthenon Enigma: A New Understanding of The West's Most Iconic Building and the People Who Made it

201433780New York: A.A.Knopf 2014 Book. As New. Hardcover. 1st US Edition. Built in the fifth century b.c. the Parthenon has been venerated for more than two millennia as the West's ultimate paragon of beauty and proportion. Since the Enlightenment it has also come to represent our political ideals the lavish temple to the goddess Athena serving as the model for our most hallowed civic architecture. But how much do the values of those who built the Parthenon truly correspond with our own And apart from the significance with which we have invested it what exactly did this marvel of human hands mean to those who made it In this revolutionary book Joan Breton Connelly challenges our most basic assumptions about the Parthenon and the ancient Athenians. Beginning with the natural environment and its rich mythic associations she re-creates the development of the Acropolis -the Sacred Rock at the heart of the city-state- from its prehistoric origins to its Periklean glory days as a constellation of temples among which the Parthenon stood supreme. In particular she probes the Parthenon's legendary frieze: the 525-foot-long relief sculpture that originally encircled the upper reaches before it was partially destroyed by Venetian cannon fire in the seventeenth century. . The frieze's vast enigmatic procession -a dazzling pageant of cavalrymen and elders musicians and maidens - has for more than two hundred years been thought to represent a scene of annual civic celebration in the birthplace of democracy. But thanks to a once-lost play by Euripides the discovery of which in the wrappings of a Hellenistic Egyptian mummy is only one of this book's intriguing adventures Connelly has uncovered a long-buried meaning a story of human sacrifice set during the city's mythic founding. In a society startlingly preoccupied with cult ritual this story was at the core of what it meant to be Athenian. Connelly reveals a world that beggars our popular notions of Athens as a city of staid philosophers rationalists and rhetoricians a world in which our modern secular conception of democracy would have been simply incomprehensible. The Parthenon's full significance has been obscured until now owing in no small part Connelly argues to the frieze's dismemberment. And so her investigation concludes with a call to reunite the pieces in order that what is perhaps the greatest single work of art surviving from antiquity may be viewed more nearly as its makers intended. Marshalling a breathtaking range of textual and visual evidence full of fresh insights woven into a thrilling narrative that brings the distant past to life The Parthenon Enigma is sure to become a landmark in our understanding of the civilization from which we claim cultural descent. 512p. illus some col bibliographyindex Remainder mark else new . A.A.Knopf hardcover

KALAMOS BOOKS · Canada251,00 $US≈ 212,37 €