592 résultats
19609999_00860Leiden Brill 1960. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 13. Plus a plate with 3 illustrations. With 4 text figures. Original printed wrappers. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Reprinted from Oudheidkundige Mededelingen uit Het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden Leiden 1960. Henry George Fischer 1923-2006. AEB 60242. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-S <br/> <br/> Leiden, Brill unknown
19619999_00861Berlin Akademie-Verlag & Leipzig Hinrich 1961. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 21-31. With 4 large figures on two full-pages. Original self-wrappers; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Sonderdruck aus Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 1961. Henry George Fischer 1923-2006. AEB 61240. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-S <br/> <br/> Berlin, Akademie-Verlag & Leipzig, Hinrich unknown
19519999_00910Oxford Oxford University Press 1951. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 29-31. With one figure. Original printed wrappers; inscription scholarly pencil annotations to first page. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Reprinted from The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 1951. Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner 1879-1963. AEB 1788. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Oxford, Oxford University Press unknown
19559999_00913Oxford Oxford University Press 1955. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 9-17. Plus 5 double-page plates. Original printed wrappers; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Reprinted from The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 1955. Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner 1879-1963. AEB 3879. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Oxford, Oxford University Press unknown
19449999_03414Oxford Oxford University Press 1944. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 23-60. Plus 4 plates with multiple images. With 3 text figures. Original printed wrappers spine worn small inscription. In good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Reprinted from The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 1944. Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner 1879-1963. From the library of Egyptologist Prof. Baudouin van de Walle 1901-1988 from whose library this item comes. Loosely inserted is a 2-page manuscript in his hand. Beinlich-Seeber 8321. OFP-K <br/> <br/> Oxford, Oxford University Press unknown
19091957Leipzig Hinrich 1909. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 123-140. Plus 3 plates one folding bound at end. Original printed wrappers. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Sonderdruck aus Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 1909. From the library of Egyptologist Prof. Dr. Joris Frans Borghouts 1939-2018. OFP-L <br/> <br/> Leipzig, Hinrich unknown
19519999_00909Oxford Oxford University Press 1951. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 109-112. Original printed wrappers; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Reprinted from The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 1951. Five articles. Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner 1879-1963. AEB 1787; 1786; 1785; 1784a. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Oxford, Oxford University Press unknown
19092555Leipzig Hinrich 1909. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 59 verso blank-66. Original printed wrappers. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Sonderdruck aus Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 1909. From the library of Egyptologist Prof. Dr. Joris Frans Borghouts 1939-2018. OFP-L <br/> <br/> Leipzig, Hinrich unknown
19489999_00919Oxford Oxford University Press 1948. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 19-22. Original printed wrappers; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Reprinted from The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 1948. Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner 1879-1963. AEB 469. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Oxford, Oxford University Press unknown
19439999_03413Oxford Oxford University Press 1943. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 37-59. Original printed wrappers title and authors' names in manuscript head of spine split. In good condition very good interior. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Reprinted from The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 1943. Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner 1879-1963. Harold Idris Bell 1879-1967. Beinlich-Seeber 8352. OFP-K <br/> <br/> Oxford, Oxford University Press unknown
19589999_00917Oxford Oxford University Press 1958. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 38-39. With one figure. Original printed wrappers; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Reprinted from The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 1958. Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner 1879-1963. AEB 58240. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Oxford, Oxford University Press unknown
19559999_00921Paris Imprimerie Nationale 1955. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 31. Plus one plate. Original printed wrappers; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait de la Revue d'Égyptologie 1955. Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner 1879-1963. AEB 3883. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Paris, Imprimerie Nationale unknown
19609999_00894Paris Centre International de Synthèse 1960. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Crown quarto. Pp. 5-15. Drop-head title stapled no wrappers as issued; last blank stamped with publisher's data; inscription first page. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Jean Sainte Fare Garnot 1908-1963. Presentation copy signed and dedicated by the author to Egyptologist Prof. Baudouin van de Walle 1901-1988 on cover. AEB 60262. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-6 <br/> <br/> Paris, Centre International de Synthèse unknown
19619999_00905Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1961. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Small folio. Pp. 107-112. Plus one plate with 2 images printed in collotype. Original printed wrappers centre-folded; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait des Mélanges Maspero 1961. Jean Sainte Fare Garnot 1908-1963. With Claire Lalouette. AEB 61264. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome X-1 <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown
19619999_00904Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1961. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Small folio. Pp. 99-105. Original printed wrappers centre-folded; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait des Mélanges Maspero 1961. Jean Sainte Fare Garnot 1908-1963. AEB 61259. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome X-1 <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown
19359999_00934Bruxelles Musées royaux d'art et d'histoire 1935. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Royal octavo. Pp. 243-253. Original printed wrappers. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait de la Chronique d'Égypte 1935. Presentation copy signed and dedicated by the author to Egyptologist Prof. Baudouin van de Walle 1901-1988. Very rare. Beinlich-Seeber 8894. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Bruxelles, Musées royaux d'art et d'histoire unknown
19429999_00935Bruxelles Fondation Égyptologique Reine Élisabeth 1942. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Royal octavo. Pp. 177-184. Plus 3 plates with 7 illustrations. Original printed wrappers. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait de la Chronique d'Égypte 1942. Godefroy Goossens 1912-1963. Beinlich-Seeber 8892. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Bruxelles, Fondation Égyptologique Reine Élisabeth unknown
19499999_02964Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1949. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Crown quarto. Pp. 4. Plus one plate with multiple images. Plus additional leaf of text "Note complémentaire". Original printed wrappers bit edge frayed. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait des Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 1949. Issued as a monograph with its own pagination. Gérard Gordon 1826-1862. AEB 878. OFP-D <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown
19709999_00946Paris Klincksieck 1970. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 85-98. With 2 full-page maps one plate. With 3 text figures. Original printed stiff wrappers; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait de la Revue d'Égyptologie 1970. Georges Emile Goyon 1905-1996. AEB 70220. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-8 <br/> <br/> Paris, Klincksieck unknown
19719999_03041Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1971. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 75-81. Original printed wrappers few small ink spots. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait du Bulletin de l'Institut français d'Archéologie Orientale 1971. Presentation copy signed and dedicated by the author to Egyptologist Prof. Herman De Meulenaere from whose library this item comes. With some annotations in pencil in De Meulenaere's neat hand AEB 71216. OFP-G <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown
19489999_00966Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1948. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Crown quarto. Pp. 505-512. Original printed wrappers; inscription. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait des Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 1948. Bernhard Grdseloff 1915-1950. AEB 490. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome OFP-9 <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown
19519999_02790Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1951. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 33-48. Original printed wrappers. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait du Bulletin de l'Institut français d'Archéologie Orientale 1951. Adolphe Gustave Gutbub 1915-1987. Presentation copy signed and dedicated by the author to Egyptologist Prof. Herman De Meulenaere 1923-2011 from whose library this item comes. AEB 2369. OFP-C <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown
19539999_02794Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1953. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Quarto. Pp. 57-101. Original printed wrappers bit edge frayed. In fine internal condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait du Bulletin de l'Institut français d'Archéologie Orientale 1951. Adolphe Gustave Gutbub 1915-1987. AEB 2851. OFP-C <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown
19619999_01117Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1961. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Small folio. Pp. 31-72. Original printed wrappers centre-folded. In a very good condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait des Mélanges Maspero 1961. Adolphe Gustave Gutbub 1915-1987. AEB 61305. ~Librarium of The Hague offers the largest and finest collection of Egyptological offprint monographs in the rare book market. With the acquisition in recent years of multiple Egyptological libraries those of Prof. Herman te Velde; Prof. Mathieu Heerma van Voss Prof. Baudouin van de Walle; Prof. Michel Malaise; Prof. Herman De Meulenaere; Egyptologist Jacobus Visser and former Trustee of the Egypt Exploration Society Stewart Dale White we now hold several thousands of rare offprint monographs which were collected over many years by these scholars. Very limited in number when originally issued and fragile by nature most are by now practically extinct and the scarce survivors are much sought after. We took upon ourselves to collate catalogue and identify each item in accordance with Beinlich-Seeber or Annual Egyptological Bibliography in the hope that this collection will prove useful for scholars and collectors alike. Your queries are most welcome X-1 <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown
19559999_03051Le Caire Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale 1955. 1st Edition . Offprint. . Crown quarto. Pp. 1-8. Plus one plate. With 2 text figures. Original printed wrappers edge-frayed previously folded back worn faded postal stamp on back. In fair condition. ~ FIRST EDITION thus. Extrait des Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 1955. Labib Habachi 1906-1984. Presentation copy signed and dedicated by the author. AEB 3933. OFP-G <br/> <br/> Le Caire, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale unknown