[EVOLUTIONARY THEORY] Various AuthorsBiblio.com
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188980946Boston: The New Ideal Publishing Company 1889. Eleven pamphlets bound in a single volume with spine title "Evolution Essays vol.I." 12mo 19cm; half-morocco over brown cloth; variously paginated. Marginal water-stain to first nine and final dozen leaves; externally rubbed and worn; complete and Good. <br /> <br /> Essays by prominent lecturers applying Darwinian concepts to a wide variety of subjects including biological evolution but also planetary science geology social systems etc. The first two pamphlets are biographies of Herbert Spencer and Charles Darwin. OCLC cataloguing notes that fifteen pamphlets were issued in the series; the first eleven are here as follows: <br /> <br /> 1. THOMPSON Charles Greenleaf. Herbert Spencer. <br /> 2. CHADWICK John W. Charles Robert Darwin. <br /> 3. SERVISS Garrett P. Solar and Planetary Evolution. <br /> 4. JANES Lewis G. Evolution of the Earth. <br /> 5. POTTS William. Evolution of Vegetal Life. <br /> 6. RAYMOND Rossiter W. Evolution of Animal Life. <br /> 7. COPE E.D. The Descent of Man.<br /> 8. ECCLES Robert G. Evolution of the Mind.<br /> 9. SKILTON James A. Evolution of Society. <br /> 10. SAMPSON Z. Sidey. Evolution of Theology. <br /> 11. JANES Lewis G. Evolution of Morals. The New Ideal Publishing Company unknown
185350167London Richard Taylor and William Francis 1853 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1853 Vol. 143. Pp. 397-406. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this importent paper by Adams - famous for his co-discovery with Le Verrier of Neptune in 1846 - in which he introduces new mathematical methods in dealing with the pertubations of the Moon raising a sharp scientific controversy and correcting Laplace's great memoir of 1788."He Adams was elected a fellow of Pembroke College in 1853 and shortly afterward he presented to the Royal Society a remarkable paper on the secular acceleration of the moon’s mean motion. This quantity was thought to have been definitively investigated by Pierre Simon de Laplace in 1788 but Adams showed that Laplace’s solution was incorrect. In particular Laplace had ignored a variation in solar eccentricity that introduces into the differential equations for the moon’s motion a series of additional terms. Adams calculated the second term of the series on which the secular acceleration depends as 3771/64m4 the value computed from Laplace’s work was 2187/128 m4. The effect of the correction was to reduce the figure for the moon’s secular acceleration by about half from 10.58 to 5.70.This paper caused a sharp scientific controversy marked by angry chauvinism on the part of several French astronomers. Their attacks stimulated a number of independent investigations of the subject all of which confirmed Adams’ result. The matter was definitely settled in his favor by 1861 but not without hard feelings."DSB. </em> unknown
185342763London Richard Taylor and William Francis 1853 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1853 Vol. 143 - Part III. Pp. 397-406. Clean and fine. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this importent paper by Adams - famous for his co-discovery with Le Verrier of Neptune in 1846 - in which he introduces new mathematical methods in dealing with the pertubations of the Moon raising a sharp scientific controversy and correcting Laplace's great memoir of 1788."He Adams was elected fellow of Pembroke College in 1853 and shortly afterwards he presented to the Royal Society a remarkable paper the paper offered on the secular accleration of the moon's mean motion. This quantity was thought to have been definitively investigated by Pierre Simon de Laplace in 1788 but Adams showed that Laplace's solution was incorrect. In particular Laplace had ignored a variation in solar eccentricity that introduces into the diffrential equations for the moon's motion a series of additional terms. Adams calculated the second term of series on which the secular acceleartion depends.This paper caused a sharp scientific controversy marked by angry chauvinism on the part of several French astronomers. Their attack stimulated a number of independent investigations of the subject all of which confirmed Adams' results. The matter was definitely settles in his favor by 1861 but not without hard feelings."DSB I p. 54b. </em> unknown
18717782London: Longmans and Co. 1871. First edition. Hardcover. Very Good. 4 X 6 inches high. 135 pages. Full calf binding with black leather label with gilt lettering on spine gilt rules on covers 4 raised bands with gilt decoration on spine endpapers & edges of textblock marbled. Inscribed by author at top of title page "With the author's compliments 20th April 1872". Condition of the book is VERY GOOD; Covers lightly scuffed & soiled otherwise excellent text is very clean binding is tight. Nature Rare RGR London: Longmans and Co. hardcover
185449410London Richard Taylor and William Francis 1854. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1854 Vol. 144 - Part I. Pp. 245-258. <br/><br/><em>First printing of the first paper in Cayley's famous memoirs on 'quantics' a term he coined for algebraic forms. In this paper Cayley throughout remodelled the whole basis for Invariant Theory."In addition to his part in founding the theory of abstract groups Cayley has a number of important theorems to his credit: perhaps the best known is that every finite group whatsoever is isomorphic with a suitable group of permutations see the first paper of 1854. This is often reckoned to be one of the three most important theorems of the subject the others being the theorems of Lagrange and Sylow. But perhaps still more significant was his early appreciation of the way in which the theory of groups was capable of drawing together many different domains of mathematics: his own illustrations for instance were drawn from the theories of elliptic functions matrices quantics quaternions homographic transformations and the theory of equations. If Cayley failed to pursue his abstract approach this fact is perhaps best explained in terms of the enormous progress he was making in these subjects taken individually."DSB </em> unknown
185843056Leipzig Johann Ambrosius Barth 1858. Contemp. hcalf. 5 raised bands gilt spine and gilt lettering to spine. A few scratches to spine. Small stamp on verso of first -and general- titlepage. In: "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff" Vierte Reihe Bd. 15 =Poggendorff Bd. 105. X636 pp. and 4 folded lithographed plates. Clausius's paper: pp. 239-258. The entire volume offered. Fine and clean. <br/><br/><em>First printing of this main paper in the working out of the Kinetic Theory of Gases in which Clausius announced his determination of the equation governing the mean free path lenght of a molecule moving freely in gases. By this he inscribed his name as one of the founders of the Kinetic Theory of Gases."Clausius was one of the founders of the kinetic theory of gases and of the science of thermodynamics. He and Lord Kelvin at about the same time and independently announced the Second Law of thermodynamics. Clausius particularly developed the theory of thermodynamics by applying it to the study of gases and vapors."Magie in "A Source Book in Physics" p. 228."In order to analyze the process of molecular collisions Clausius adopted a simplified model for his admittedly complicated molecule. He assumed that whatever the actual patterns on intermolecular forces one could suppose that there is some advantage distance between the centers of molecules which would represent a general boundary between attractive and repulsive forces. If two molecules were to approach each other within that boundary repulsion would generally occur. Thus the very complex problem of intermolecular action was reduced to a "billiard ball" model." DSB III p. 307-06. - Parkinson Breakthroughs C/P 1858. </em> hardcover
186243530Leipzig Johann Ambrosius Barth 1862. Without wrappers as issued in "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff" 115. Bd. 1. issue "Heft" No 1 1862. Titlepage to vol. 115. Pp. 1-176 a. 1 folded engraved plate. The entire issue offereed "Heft" 1. Clausius' paper: pp. 1-56. Some brownspots to right marginon some leaves. <br/><br/><em>First printing of this importent paper the seciond of C's papers in the working out of the Kinetic Theory of Gases. In the paper he states that he found an error in Maxwell's theory of gases an error Maxwell was to admit as far more serious. "In his initial approach to the conduction of heat in gases Maxwell drew a brilliant analogy between diffusion a transfer of mass and conduction a transfer of kinetic energy thereby making it possible to use the form of his diffusion equation to represent conduction simply replacing the mass of a molecule with its kinetic energy. Clausius critized this adoption of the diffusion equation because given the assumptions mass transfer would accompany the heat conduction and the process would not be one of energy transfer alone. He then offered a revised theory of conduction. "DSB III p. 308."Clausius was one of the founders of the kinetic theory of gases and of the science of thermodynamics. He and Lord Kelvin at about the same time and independently announced the Second Law of thermodynamics. Clausius particularly developed the theory of thermodynamics by applying it to the study of gases and vapors."Magie in "A Source Book in Physics" p. 228. </em> unknown
180549134Halle Rengerschen Buchhandlung 1805. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt raised bands a few scratches to spine. In: "Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert" Bd. 21. 8496 pp. and 5 engraved plates. Entire volume offered. Stamp to verso of titlepage and verso of plates. Internally clean and fine. The papers by Dalton Gough Henry: pp. 377-436. And pp. 458-461. <br/><br/><em>First German editions of these importent papers on Dalton's theory of gases. The year "1804 was notable chiefly for controversy over the mixed gases theory and particularly over its denial of weak chemical affinity forces. Continuing criticism of the theory - and the failure of particle weight studies to provide the hoped-for clinching evidence - caused Dalton to revise his ideas on mixed gases during the course of 1805." DSBSmyth "John Dalton. A Bibliography" Nos 33 34 35 a. 42. </em> hardcover
180344129Halle Rengerschen Buchhandlung 1803. Without wrappers as extracted from "Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert" Bd. 12. Pp. 310-318 a. pp. 385-395. <br/><br/><em>First German edition of both papers constituting the first 2 papers in his "Experimental Essays on the constitution of mixed gases." 1802 in which he formulated his famous gas laws and raised the foundation of the atomic theory in chemistry.The publication of these papers gave him at once international reputation they tried to explain why the gases of the atmosphere remain mixed instead of segregating with the heaviest element at the bottom it states that the maximum density of a vapour in contact with its liquid remains the same whether other gases be present or not and the vies that the particles of everykind of elastic fluid are elastic only with regard to their own kind and that the total pressure of the atmosphere equals the sum of the pressures exerted by the individual gases each of which excerts its pressure independently of the others. This was the first step toward his atomic theory of in chemistry. </em> unknown
180843629Halle Rengerschen Buchhandlung 1808. Without wrappers as published in "Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert" Bd. 28 Viertes Stück. The entire issue offered =Heft 4. Titlepage to vol. 28 small stamps on verso. Pp. 377-496 a. 3 engraved plates. Dalton's paper: pp. 397-416 a. 1 engraved plate showing apparatus. <br/><br/><em>First appearence i German of Dalton's epoch-making paper in which is contained THE FIRST CLEAR STATEMENT OF MODERN ATOMIC THEORY and having the FIRST LIST OF ATOMIC WEIGHTS "Verhältniss der Gewichte der kleinsten Theilschen von gasförmigen und andern Körpern." Table of the relative weights of the ultimate particles of gaseous and other bodies. The paper offered is a free translation of Dalton's paper "On the Absorption of Gases by Water and Other Liquids" published 1805 in "Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester"."The paper was read to the Manchester Philosophical Society by Dalton in 1803 and printed in 1805. The appended table in this paper is the first list of atomic weights. Dalton in this publication took the law which William henry had recently enunciated that the amount of of gas absorbed by a liquid is proportional to the pressure and extended it to apply to mixtures of gases using his own law of partial pressures." Leicester & Klicktein "A Source Book in Chemistry" p. 258.Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1803 C.- Smyth No. 38. </em> unknown
180349442Halle Rengerschen Buchhandlung 1803. Without wrappers as published in "Annalen der Physik. Herausgegeben von Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert" Bd. 13 Viertes Stück. Pp. 385-504 a. 1 engraved plate. The entire issue offered. Dalton's paper: pp. 438-445. <br/><br/><em>First German version of one of the founding papers in which he formulated his famous gas laws and raised the foundation of the atomic theory in chemistry.Smyth "John Dalton. A Bibliography" No 29. </em> unknown
184047109Paris Bachelier 1840 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome X No 5 entire issue offered. Pp. 143- 207. Dumas' paper: pp. 149-178. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this paper which was published the same year in 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique' is the most importent on the theory of structural types and the nomenclature of organic compounds refuting the electrochemical theory of Berzelius. "The development of this idea type organique into what is sometimes called the "Older Type Theory" as distinguished from Gerhardt's Type heory is contained in Dumas' importent memoir on the substitution and the theory of types presented on 3 febriary 1840."Partington IV p. 365. "Jean Baptiste Dumas advances a theory that the chemical properties of an organic compound are determined by its structure and not as seems to be the case with inorganic compounds by its electrical properties. he illustrates the concept with the example that the basic qualitative properties of acetic acid are retained even after replacing three fourths of the hydrogen by chlorine. As a consequence he calls for a revision of chemical nomenclature for organic compounds basing terms on common features not on elemental composition."Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1840 C. </em> unknown
184051504Paris Bachelier 1840. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences" Tome X No 5 entire issue offered. Pp. 143- 207. Dumas' paper: pp. 149-178. With half-title to Tome X. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this paper which was published the same year in 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique' is the most importent on the theory of structural types and the nomenclature of organic compounds refuting the electrochemical theory of Berzelius. "The development of this idea type organique into what is sometimes called the "Older Type Theory" as distinguished from Gerhardt's Type heory is contained in Dumas' importent memoir on the substitution and the theory of types presented on 3 February 1840."Partington IV p. 365. "Jean Baptiste Dumas advances a theory that the chemical properties of an organic compound are determined by its structure and not as seems to be the case with inorganic compounds by its electrical properties. he illustrates the concept with the example that the basic qualitative properties of acetic acid are retained even after replacing three fourths of the hydrogen by chlorine. As a consequence he calls for a revision of chemical nomenclature for organic compounds basing terms on common features not on elemental composition."Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1840 C. </em> unknown
184045032Paris Fortin Masson et Cie 1840. 8vo. Without wrappers. Extracted from 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique' 2e Series tome 73. Pp. 73-103 incl. Note de Liebig pp. 100-103 and pp. 113-166. Some scattered brownspots. <br/><br/><em>This paper which was published at the same year in "Comptes Rendues" 3 Fevrier is the most importent on the theory of structural types and the nomenclature of organic compounds refuting the electrochemical theory of Berzelius. "The development of this idea type organique into what is sometimes called the "Older Type Theory" as distinguished from Gerhardt's Type heory is contained in Dumas' importent memoir on the substitution and the theory of types presented on 3 febriary 1840."Partington IV p. 365. In the second paper Stas and Dumas record the first use of 'potash-lime' the precursor of soda-lime an invaluable reagent in organic chemistry."Jean Baptiste Dumas advances a theory that the chemical properties of an organic compound are determined by its structure and not as seems to be the case with inorganic compounds by its electrical properties. he illustrates the concept with the example that the basic qualitative properties of acetic acid are retained even after replacing three fourths of the hydrogen by chlorine. As a consequence he calls for a revision of chemical nomenclature for organic compounds basing terms on common features not on elemental composition."Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1840 C. </em> unknown
1894DEMO000524IChicago: John E. Hoham & Co 1894. Official Edition. Hardcover. good. portraits. 4to 824 pages cloth <br/><br/> John E. Hoham & Co hardcover
185343123Paris Victor Masson Imprimerie de Bachelier 1853. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf raised bands gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Slightly rubbed. A small weakness to upper part of fronthinge. Small stamps on verso of titlepage and on verso of plates. In "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" 3me Series - Tome XXXVII. 512 pp. and 3 plates. The entire volume offered. Gerhardt's paper: pp. 285-342. Light scattered brownspots. <br/><br/><em>First printing of an importent paper in which Gerhardt introduced the concept of "type" in organic chemistry in order to understand all substitution reactions."Gerhardt adopted Laurent's nucleus or unitary theory and combined it with the theory of types and radicals. In 1852 he discovered the anhydrides of organic acids and explained their structure by an extension of the water type of Williamson. He further proposed that all organic compounds could be related to one of four inorganic types: water hydrogen hydrogen chloride and ammonia. These types could be used to explain most organic reactions as double decompositions. Since Gerhard felt that the formula of organic compounds never ecpressed the actual structure of the molecule but only its reactions he was satisfied with this theory and carried it no farther. However it was a great advance in systematization and helped to bring order into the confused field of organic reactions."Leicester & Klickstein "A Source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900" p. 351."Gerhardt will occupy a permanent position in the history of Chemistry for his services to organic classification for his concept of homology for his preparation of acid anhydrides and for his reform of equivalents."DSB V p. 374.The volume contains further importent papers Marcelin Berthelot "Sur la Bichlorhydrate D'Essence de Térébenthine" pp. 223-230 by Arago Edmond Becquerel etc.etc. </em> hardcover
183959127Paris Crochard 1839. Entire October-issue with original printed yellow wrappers wrappers loose. In:"Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." tome 72 Series 2. Entire volume octobre-issue offered. Pp. 113-222. Gerhardt's paper: pp. 184-214.Clean and fine. <br/><br/><em>First printing of a classic paper in organic chemistry in which Gerhardt breaks with the conceptions of dualism and pre-existing radicals and sets forth his "Theory of Residues". The October-issue also contains Gerhards paper "Recherches chimiques sur l'Hellénine" pp. 163-183. A subject for his doctoral thesis in 1840. "A new aspect was given to the substitution-type theory by Gerhardt who explained the formation of organic compounds as due to "pairing" or "copulation" of residues."Findlay "A Hundred years of Chemistry" p. 30 ff. </em> unknown
18072111902160200451Book by Tokuan Kao 1807. Soft Cover. Fine. Number of books: 2 Book by Tokuan (Kao) paperback
185243564Leipzig Johann Ambrosius Barth 1852. Without wrappers as issued in "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff" Dritte Reihe Bd. 26 Achtes Stück.= Heft No. 8 of 1852. The entire issue No. 8 offered. Titlepage to vol. 26. Pp. 501-600. Helmholtz's paper: pp. 501-523. Clean and fine. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this founding paper in the modern theory of colour in which Helmholtz proved the surprising fact that there are only two among the colours of the spectrum yellow and indigo-blue which together yields pure white that is are complementary to each other whereas their combination had always been supposed to produce green."Helmholtz turned to the intricate problems of color vision in 1852 with an attack on Sir David Brewster's new theory of light. Brewster had maintained the objective reality of three primary colors by supposing in opposition to Newton that there exist three distinct kinds of light each of which excites in the eye one of the sensations red yellow or blue. Helmholtz regarded the theory as still another confusion of physical stimulus and subjective responce.He also revived Young's theory of color visoin.only to refute it. He had discovered that spectral colors when mixed always yield a duller color of less-than-spectral saturation. Therefore the whole idea that all colors may be obtained from mixtures of three primary colors must be incorrect he concluded for the spectral colorss at least can never be obtained in their full saturation by mixing any three of their number.Although Helmholtz dismissed Young's theory in 1852 by 1858 he had changed his mind and become its formost advocate. In order to save Ypoung's theory.Helmholtz asumed that Young's physiological primaries are not spectral colors att all but colors of far greater-than-spectral saturation."DSB VI pp. 246-247. Garrison & Morton 1508. </em> unknown
182159163London Baldwin Cradock and Joy 1821. Contemp. Hcalf. Minor scratches to spine. In: "Annals of Philosophy; or Magazine of Chemistry Mineralogy Mechanics Natural History. By Thomas Thomson." New series Vol. I. VIII479 pp. a. 7 engraved plates. Entire volumes offered. Herapath's papers: pp. 273-293 340-351 a. 401-416. <br/><br/><em>First printing of these contoversial papers where Herapath revived the kinetic theory of gases. His theory was more or less neglected by the scientific community at his time. The kinetic theory remained dormant and forgotten after Euler's and Bernouilli's work "until 1816 when Herapath proposed a theory which is essential Bernoulli's. Unfortunately he chose to define temperature as being proportional to the momentum rather than the kinetic energy of molecules. Herapath was the first to show more or less that kinetic theory can provide simple explanations for the changes of state diffusion and the propagation of sound."Trousdell "Essayas in the History of Mechanics" pp. 283 ff. </em> unknown
181646878London Baldwin Cradock and Joy 1816 a. 1821. Bound in 2 uniform contemp. moiré boards. Light wear along edges and a fes smaller scratches. In: "Annals of Philosophy; or Magazine of Chemistry Mineralogy Mechanics Natural History. By Thomas Thomson." Vol. VIII and New series Vol. I. VIII479 pp. a. 9 engraved plates VIII479 pp. a. 7 engraved plates. Entire volumes offered. Herapath's papers: pp. 56-60 1816 a. pp. 273-293 340-351 a. 401-416. <br/><br/><em>First printing of these contoversial papers where Herapath revived the kinetic theory of gases. His theory was more or less neglected by the scientific community at his time. The kinetic theory remained dormant and forgotten after Euler's and Bernouilli's work "until 1816 when Herapath proposed a theory which is essential Bernoulli's. Unfortunately he chose to define temperature as being proportional to the momentum rather than the kinetic energy of molecules. Herapath was the first to show more or less that kinetic theory can provide simple explanations for the changes of state diffusion and the propagation of sound."Trousdell "Essayas in the History of Mechanics" pp. 283 ff.Euler Bernoulli Herapath and Waterston may be considered the principal scientists who prior to 1850 attempted a more or less complete mathematical treatment of gases based on a set of molecular postulates. Jamie Wisniak."Having published a preliminary notice of his theory in the Annals of Philosophy in 1816 Herapath submitted a detailed account to the Royal Society in 1820. Davy who was elected to the presidency of the Society in November of that year was primarily responsible for the fate of the paper. Although Davy was already known as an advocate of the qualitative idea that heat is molecular motion he found Herapath’s quantitative development too speculative and complicated; he rejected the hypothesis of an absolute temperature implying an "absolute zero" of cold. Having been told that his paper would not be accepted for publication in the Philosophical Transactions Herapath withdrew it and published it instead in the Annals of Philosophy in 1821. Five years later he launched an attack on Davy in the Times of London accusing him of circulating unfounded criticisms of his experimental work which prevented its publication. Although Davy ignored a series of letters and challenges published in the Times Herapath later claimed Davy’s resignation from the presidency of the Royal Society 1827 as a victory for himself."DSB. </em> hardcover
185549133Paris: Gauthier-Villars 1855. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences" Vol 40 No 5 6. Pp. 205- 260 a. pp. 261- 324. 2 entire issue offered. Hermite's paper's: pp. 249-256 a. 304-309. <br/><br/><em>First printing of Hermite's importent paper in which he created the theory of transformations."Another topic on which Hermite worked and made important contributions was the theory of quadratic forms. This led him to study invariant theory and he found a reciprocity law relating to binary forms. With his understanding of quadratic forms and invariant theory he created a theory of transformations in 1855. His results on this topic provided connections between number theory theta functions and the transformations of abelian functions.""Hermite’s 1855 results became basic for the transformation theory of Abelian functions as well as for Camille Jordan’s theory of "Abelian" groups. They also led to Herrnite’s own theory of the fifth-degree equation and of the modular equations of elliptic functions."DSB. </em> unknown
18982090502130302277Kuroemon Nishimura 1898. Soft Cover. Fine. Number of books: 1 Kuroemon Nishimura paperback
188535224Kjøbenhavn Jacob Lund 1885. Orig. bogtrykt omslag. Løs i heftningen og omslaget med rifter og pletter. 491 pp. Indvendig pæn. <br/><br/><em>First edition. The most importent Danish work in psychology. It is a psychophysiological study on vasomotor disturbances and conditioned reflexes during period of emotional stress - known as the James-Lange-theory. </em> unknown
181949624Paris Crochard 1819. Later full buckram. Gilt lettering on spine. Stamp on verso of title-page. "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." Tome 12. Entire volume offered. 448 pp. a. 1 folded engraved plate. Laplace's papers: pp. 5-12 pp. 37-41 a. pp. 337-341. Scattered brownspots. <br/><br/><em>The paper on Capillarity is the last version of this theory in which he refined it to take account of the effect of heat in reducing the attractive force between the particles of a liquid. "The net attractive force was now taken as the difference between the innate attraction the only force considered in the supplement to the "Mecanique celeste" and a repulsive force that was supposed to be caused by the presence of heat."DSB. - Using the theory of Boscovich "who assumed that between every two ultimate particles and along the lines connecting them forces act which are attractive for some distances and repulsive for others. Using this theory with the added requirements that that the molecular forces diminish rapidly with increase of the distances between the molecules Laplace was able to develop his theory of capillarity referring to the offered paper."Timoshenko "History of the Strenghts of Material" p. 104.The 2 papers here offered on probability applied were both incorporated into the third edition of "Theoriques analytique des probabilities" 1820. </em> hardcover
