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Boston Women's Health Book Collective StaffBiblio.com

Our Bodies Ourselves

News Group Boston IncBiblio.com

The Boston Herald; EXTRA EXTRA SHUTTLE EXPLODES

198681241Boston: News Group Boston Inc 1986. EXTRA edition for Tuesday January 28 1986. Newspaper. Good. Format is approximately 11.25 inches by 15 inches. 76 pages. Illustrations. The Boston Herald is an American daily newspaper whose primary market is Boston Massachusetts and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1846 and is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the United States. It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history including four for editorial writing and three for photography before it was converted to tabloid format in 1981. The Herald was named one of the "10 Newspapers That 'Do It Right'" in 2012 by Editor & Publisher. The Herald American converted to tabloid format in September 1981 but Hearst faced steep declines in circulation and advertising. The company announced it would close the Herald American-making Boston a one-newspaper town-on December 3 1982. When the deadline came Australian media baron Rupert Murdoch was negotiating to buy the paper and save it. He closed on the deal after 30 hours of talks with Hearst and newspaper unions-and five hours after Hearst had sent out notices to newsroom employees telling them they were terminated. The newspaper announced its own survival the next day with a full-page headline: 'You Bet We're Alive!' Murdoch changed the paper's name back to the Boston Herald. This scarce surviving "EXTRA" edition offers a snapshot in time as to what was known believed suspected and conjectured in the minutes and hours after the news broke. It provides a baseline for comparison with what later emerged as the 'facts' 'reasons' and 'explanations' for the disaster." The Space Shuttle Challenger disaster was a fatal incident in the United States space program that occurred on January 28 1986 when the Space Shuttle Challenger OV-099 broke apart 73 seconds into its flight killing all seven crew members aboard. The crew consisted of five NASA astronauts and two payload specialists. The mission carried the designation STS-51-L and was the tenth flight for the Challenger orbiter. The spacecraft disintegrated over the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Cape Canaveral Florida at 11:39 a.m. EST 16:39 UTC. The disintegration of the vehicle began after a joint in its right solid rocket booster SRB failed at liftoff. The failure was caused by the failure of O-ring seals used in the joint that were not designed to handle the unusually cold conditions that existed at this launch. The seals' failure caused a breach in the SRB joint allowing pressurized burning gas from within the solid rocket motor to reach the outside and impinge upon the adjacent SRB aft field joint attachment hardware and external fuel tank. This led to the separation of the right-hand SRB's aft field joint attachment and the structural failure of the external tank. Aerodynamic forces broke up the orbiter. The crew compartment and many other vehicle fragments were eventually recovered from the ocean floor after a lengthy search and recovery operation. The exact timing of the death of the crew is unknown; several crew members are known to have survived the initial breakup of the spacecraft. The shuttle had no escape system and the impact of the crew compartment at terminal velocity with the ocean surface was too violent to be survivable. The disaster resulted in a 32-month hiatus in the Space Shuttle program and the formation of the Rogers Commission a special commission appointed by United States President Ronald Reagan to investigate the accident. The Rogers Commission found that NASA's organizational culture and decision-making processes had been key contributing factors to the accident with the agency violating its own safety rules. NASA managers had known since 1977 that contractor Morton-Thiokol's design of the SRBs contained a potentially catastrophic flaw in the O-rings but they had failed to address this problem properly. NASA managers also disregarded warnings from engineers about the dangers of launching posed by the low temperatures of that morning and failed to adequately report these technical concerns to their superiors. Approximately 17 percent of the American population witnessed the launch on live television broadcast because of the presence of high school teacher Christa McAuliffe who would have been the first teacher in space. Media coverage of the accident was extensive; one study reported that 85 percent of Americans surveyed had heard the news within an hour of the accident. The Challenger disaster has been used as a case study in many discussions of engineering safety and workplace ethics. News Group Boston Inc unknown

Ground Zero Books · États-Unis65,00 $US≈ 55,00 €

Boston

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