Philippines

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Commonwealth of the Philippines / pre WWII. Vargas Jorge Bartolome 1890 1980 Executive Secretary. Holbrook Lucius. RoyABAA

194044229Manila 1940. Letters housed in a file folder attached at top with two prong paper fastener. Age-toning & staining. Fastener rusted. Folder front cover chipped & detached. A VG cache. 52 leaves most with typescript to recto only. ~ 10-1/2" x 8-1/8" A cache of 40 typed letters and TLs exchanged between the Office of the President of the Philippines and various officers of the U.S. High Commissioner of the Philippines many on official letterhead and some marked "confidential." The letters ordered chronologically chart the negotiations defense concerns and sometimes uneasy power sharing between the two administrations in regards to the rules and regulations governing aerial photography of the islands. Issues discussed include the advisability of allowing aerial photography by outside entities the feasiblity of specifying no-fly zones for aerial photography without interferring with commercial flights enforcement efforts and the powers afforded the two administrations. The majority of the letters expressing the Commonwealth's position are from and signed by Jorge B. Vargas then serving as Executive Secretary to President Manuel Quezon. Later Vargas administered Manila as an open city during the Japanese occupation in 1942 and served in the puppet government of the Second Philippine Republic; following the war he chaired the National Planning Committee served on the board of regents of the University of the Philippines and became the first Filipino on the International Olympic Committee. In 1960 he was awarded the Legion of Honor by the Republic of the Philippines. Signed letters from the U.S. High Commission include several from Major General R. L. Holbrook as well as Colonel/Acting Chief of Staff E. H. DeArmond. From the first letter dated May 25 1937: "under the present prohibitive measures regarding aerial photography embodied in Proclamation No. 485 of the Governor-General dated August 12 1932 and in the Bureau of Aeronautics rules and regulations it is believed that the granting of permission to aviation companies particularly to an aerial photographic company to take pictures will be exceedingly difficult and complicated. This office is studying the advisability of altering the present rules and regulations." Jorge B. Vargas Secretary to the President. From November 12 1938: "So long as the Philippine Islands remain United States territory the United States is responsible for their defense and that responsibility at least so far as land operations are concerned devolves upon the Commanding General . . . . To say that the Department Commander is supreme in time of war or grave emergency but that in time of peace his responsibilities are limited to administrative control over United States military personnel and United States military reservations and that in peace time he should not interest himself in control or prevention of activities which may have the gravest consequences in time of war or public emergency is manifestly contradictory." Edward H. DeArmond Colonel FS G.S.C. Acting Chief of Staff. From October 26 1939: "I have the honor to inform you that in an investigation conducted by proper authorities of this Government Mr. B. A. Glover airplane pilot in the emply of Elizalde & Co. was found guilty of violation of the provisions of Proclamation No. 364 of the President of the Philippines in view of which he was suspended as transport pilot for a period of one month from October 18 to November 17 1939 inclusive and warned that repetition of a similar offense in the future will be subject of a more drastic action." Jorge B. Vargas Secretary to the President. An interesting cache of material documenting activities of the transitional government of the Philippines just prior to the outbreak of WWII. unknown books

PHILIPPINESABAA

U.S. Makes Treaty with Muslim Sultan in the Philippines

189924064PHILIPPINES.Facsimile of original treaty ceding sovereignty of the Archipelago of Jolo to the United States. Jolo Province of Sulu Philippines August 20 1899. Bound in 20th century cloth comprising a large three-page lithographed facsimile of the manuscript treaty written in the Tausug language and signed in print by the Sultan of Jolo and Brig. General John C. Bates 16Â½ x 12 in. With a small format copy of the document in English the first leaf mimeographed the final leaf lithographed with facsimile signatures. Historical BackgroundThe Sultanate of Sulu began in the early 15th century and once included the northeastern side of Borneo and many islands to the northeast including the island of Jolo. By the late 19th century it had been reduced to a string of islands under Spanish occupation rule. The Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish-American War transferred control of the Philippines including the Sulu to the United States. The sultanate was home to several ethnic groups including the Moro and Tausug.On August 20 1899 the United States signed this treaty with Sultan Hadji Mohammed Jamalul Kiram II and several of his tribal chiefs. The "Bates Treaty" after General John C. Bates recognized U.S. sovereignty over the whole archipelago of Jolo. The U.S. agreed to protect the sultan and his subjects and not to sell any island in the archipelago to any other nation without the sultan's consent. The treaty promised religious freedom especially for the Muslim Moros and free trade with the Philippines. It prohibited piracy and the introduction of war material. The most controversial article recognized slavery but allowed any slave to purchase his or her freedom by paying "the usual market value" to the master. Finally the treaty promised monthly payments to the Sultan and his chiefs totaling 730 Mexican dollars per month approx. $365.This treaty theoretically removed the Sultanate of Sulu from participation in the Philippine American War 1899-1902. Some Americans criticized the treaty for granting too much autonomy to the Sultan and for allowing slavery to continue. Over the next five years political conditions deteriorated and there were revolts in several areas even threatening Jolo City where U.S. authorities were stationed.In March 1904 the United States abrogated the treaty unilaterally per Secretary of War William Howard Taft's telegram to Gov. General Luke E. Wright 1846-1922: "By order of the President you are hereby directed to notify the sultan of Sulu and the dattos who signed the so-called Bates treaty of August 20 1899 which was a modus vivendi and mere executive agreement that in view of the failure on the part of the sultan â€¦ to discharge the duties and fulfill the conditions imposed upon them by said agreement they have forfeited all rights to the annuities therein stipulated to be paid to them and all other considerationsâ€¦ they are subject to the laws enacted therein under the sovereignty of the United States."Although the Philippine-American War officially ended in July 1902 with the dissolution of the First Philippine Republic resistance continued for several more years especially in remote areas and the islands occupied by the Moro people. In June 1913 American troops under General John "Black Jack" Pershing 1860-1948 attacked a group of fighters atop Mount Bagsak on the island of Jolo. At the Battle of Bud Bagsak the Americans destroyed the Moro resistance and killed its leader Datu Amil.In the text of the treaty there was a critical "translation error." The Treaty in the Tausug version discussed "The support aid and protection of the Jolo Island and Archipelago" but the word "sovereignty" was not used. The English-language version noted that "The sovereignty of the United States over the whole Archipelago of Jolo and its dependencies is declared and acknowledged." In 1946 the English text provided justification for America's decision to incorporate the Sulu Archipelago into the Philippine state.Sultan Hadji Mohammed Jamalul Kiram II 1868-1936 was a member of the Muslim royal house that ruled the Sulu archipelago from the 15th to the 20th centuries. Proclaimed sultan when his older brother died in 1884 it took ten years to consolidate his authority. In 1912 he took a world tour and visited President William Howard Taft at the White House in Washington D.C. He surrendered his political powers to the United States government in 1915 but retained cultural and religious authority. He died leaving seven daughters but no male heir. His younger brother made an ineffectual claim to the abolished sultanate.John C. Bates 1842-1919 was born in Missouri the son of Abraham Lincoln's Attorney General Edward Bates and educated at Washington University in St. Louis. During the Civil War John C. Bates served as an aide to General George G. Meade. He served in the Indian Wars of the late nineteenth century and rose to the rank of colonel. In 1898 he received promotion to brigadier general and commanded in the Spanish-American War. He also commanded a division of volunteers in the Philippines during the early stages of the Philippine-American War. He later served as the Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army for several months before his retirement in 1906. He was the last Army Chief of Staff to have served in the American Civil War.ConditionDust soiling stains margins strengthened. books

Seth Kaller, Inc. · États-Unis900,00 $US≈ 761,49 €

PHILIPPINES DRAPER Sir WILLIAMABAA

Col. Drapers answer to the Spanish Arguments claiming the Galeon and refusing payment of the ransom bills for preserving Manila from pillage and destruction; in a letter addressed to the Earl of Halifax

17641400London: J. Dodsley 1764. Scare first edition of this document relating to the British occupation of Manila during the Anglo-Spanish War of 1762-3 and an interesting case of international law. In September of 1762 under the command of Draper and Cornish a British fleet of 13 ships containing over 6000 men attacked Manila and following a difficult landing quickly dispatched the Spanish garrison which they outnumbered 10 to 1.They entered the city on October 5 and part of the terms of capitulation was that Spain would pay the British an indemnity of 4 million pesos roughly a million pounds for not pillaging the city. The British evacuated in 1764 when hostilities ceased and Draper enjoyed the highly unusual privilege of presenting the standards of Spain taken in Manila to his alma mater Kings College Cambridge. But the Spanish did not honor this gentlemans agreement claiming that Draper dealt with an unauthorized agent that he himself broke the terms of the agreement etc. In order to press his claim which amounted to £25000 he published the present tract to pressure his government to collect. The tract contains a brief letter to the British Secretary of State outlining his grievance; a bilingual summary in English and French of the Spanish ambassadors grounds for not complying with the terms of the agreement; extracts from the treaty; a refutation by Draper of the claim that he dealt with an unauthorized agent; and an English language treaty signed by the original parties in Manila. But with hostilities over and their attention occupied by other foreign adventures chief among them America the British were in no position to insist and the suit was eventually abandoned.Griffin Bibliography of the Philippines p. 125; Dictionary of National Biography compact ed. I.573. 8vo. 43 pp. Bound in blue wrappers and housed in protective buckram case with title gilt on spine. Minor foxing in margins of final leaves but otherwise absolutely mint. J. Dodsley hardcover books

Martayan Lan, Inc. · États-Unis2 250,00 $US≈ 1 903,73 €

Philippines. ReligionABAA

Sirva Este Libro p.a Asentar las Actas Capitulos y Ordenes Regulares. Quingua en Acto de Visita Ã 12 de Mayo de 1827.= F. Santos MaraÃ±on manuscript caption title

18601570Quingua i.e. Plaridel 1860. Good plus. 428pp. Folio. Original limp calf manuscript cover title. Edges and spine worn; head of spine and upper corner of front wrap chipped. Text block loose at front hinge broken in a couple of places internally. A few leaves loose; scattered chipping and tears occasionally affecting text. Evenly tanned; occasional dust soiling. Completed in several hands; highly legible scripts. A valuable manuscript compilation of Catholic documents recorded by the local religious authorities at Quingua in the Philippines over much of the early- and mid-19th century. The present volume includes over 425 pages of decrees acts directives and elections that affected how religious life and instruction were carried out by the Catholic Church in the Philippines during the 1800s. Quingua now the municipality of Plaridel was founded by the Augustinian friars of Malolos who established a chapel in the village located on the banks of the Angat River on the north side of Manila Bay in 1581. The documents compiled here span from 1827 to 1860 and are recorded on leaves of native rice paper in a locally produced volume. The most basic and indeed most integral documents transcribed here are the chapter acts of the Augustinian order in the Philippines which transmit the orders and directives by which the friars led their daily lives. These include the results of yearly elections by which individuals were made bishops assigned to parishes and chosen for other significant church positions. Also included are annual "Actas y Determinanciones" as issued by central church authorities at Manila which touch on numerous local issues and dictated how the friars lived and carried out their religious duties. The volume contains further individual decrees that affected Philippines parishes as a whole and those that dealt more specifically with the chapel at Quingua many of which were issued from Manila but also many that were promulgated by more local authorities such as those at the parish level in Bulacan in which Quingua was located as well as several orders recorded directly from Spanish church authorities and at least one Papal decree. The final major component of the present work comprises numerous sermons homilies and pastoral letters given by visiting priests or relating to specific occasions. In all the present manuscript volume contains hundreds of individual documents many of which likely do not survive or are not recorded in any other form and which serve to chronicle the lives of the friars of this small outpost at an incredibly granular and detailed level. Additionally these documents are signed or issued by many significant figures in the history of the Catholic Church in the Philippines. The book as indicated in the manuscript title was initiated by Friar Santos Gomez MaraÃ±on who spent over half of his life in the Philippines and eventually became the Bishop of Cebu. Many of the documents from the 1830s are signed by Friar Francisco Manuel Blanco who began his church career in the Philippines in nearby Angat and became renowned as a botanist with his authorship of the first comprehensive flora of the islands. An outstanding and extensive manuscript volume on Catholic law administration and practice in the rural Philippines spanning over thirty years of the 19th century. unknown books

McBride Rare Books · États-Unis17 500,00 $US≈ 14 806,75 €