Memoires sur l'action mutuelle de deux courans electriques
182144552Paris 1821. <p>Ampère André Marie 1775-1836. Mémoires sur l'action mutuelle de deux courans électriques sur celle qui existe entre un courant électrique et un aimant ou le globe terrestre et celle de deux aimans l'un sur l'autre. Extrait des Annales de Chimie et de Physique. 68pp. 5 folding plates. Paris: impr. de Feugeray 1821. 196 x 128 mm. Old paper wrappers small crease in back wrapper. Minor foxing but fine otherwise.</p> <p> First Separate Edition of Ampère's two landmark memoirs establishing the science of electrodynamics significantly revised from the journal versions. Ampère was present at the Académie des Sciences on Sept. 11 1820 when François Arago performed—for the first time in France—Hans Christian Oersted's experiment demonstrating the magnetic effects of current-carrying wires on magnetized needles. Inspired by Oersted's discovery Ampère immediately concluded that magnetism was electricity in motion an intuitive leap which he sought to confirm by experiment. During September and October 1820 Ampère performed a series of experiments designed to elucidate the exact nature of the relationship between electric current-flow and magnetism as well as the relationships governing the behavior of electric currents in various types of conductors. His investigations reported weekly before the Académie des Sciences established the new science of electrodynamics.</p> <p> Among the discoveries described in this memoir are Ampère's demonstration of the tangential orientation of a magnetic needle by an electric current when terrestrial magnetism is neutralized; his proof that conducting planar spirals attract and repel each other and respond to bar magnets in an analogy to magnetic poles; and his demonstration of electrodynamic forces between linear conducting wires. The memoir's plates illustrate the several instruments that Ampère devised to carry out his experiments.</p> <p> Ampère's scientific genius while capable of remarkable leaps of insight was somewhat lacking in organization and discipline. It often happened that Ampère would publish a paper one week only to find the following week that he had thought of several new ideas that he felt ought to be incorporated into the paper. Since he could not alter the original he would add his revisions to the separately published reprints of the paper and even modify the revised versions later if he felt it necessary; some of his papers exist in as many as five different versions. Dibner Heralds of Science 62. Hofmann Andre-Marie Ampère ch. 7 containing a detailed account of Ampère's investigations. Norman 43. </p> . unknown books
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