AMPERE, ANDRE-MARIEBiblio.com
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182043521Paris Crochard 1820. 8vo. In 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique' Volume 15 pp. 59-76; 170-218. The entire volme 15 offered in a nice contemporary half calf with gilt spine. A bit of wear to extremities. Five engraved plates accompanying the memoires. A very fine copy. <br/><br/><em>First edition of the first announcement of Ampère's discoveries on electromagnetism. Ampère first heard of Ørsted's discovery of electromagnetism on the 4th of September when Arago announced Ørsted's results to the Paris Academy of Sciences. In Ørsted's experiment a current-carrying wire is held over and under a compass needle - the result being that the needle is positioned at 45 degrees in respect to the wire. Ampére immediately saw that this result made no physical sense and realized that the true nature of the effect could not be observed until the force of terrestrial magnetism was somehow neutralized; what Ørsted had observed and reported on was the resultant of the force from the wire and that from the earth's magnetic field. Ampère discovered that the compass needle sets at 90 degrees to the current-carrying wire when the effect of terrestial magnetism is eliminated. He also observed that current-carrying wires which are formed as spirals act as permanent magnets and this lead him to his theory that electricity in motion produces magnetism and that permanent magnets must contain electrical currents. And thus Ampère laid the foundation of the new field of electrodynamics.Ampère announced his theory and experimental results for the first time in a series of memoires read before the Paris Academy of Sciences in September and October 1820. These memoires were first published in the September and October issues of Arago's 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique' i.e. the offered item. In November Ampère had a seperate printing of his findings published under the title 'Mémoires sur I'action mutuelle de deux courans électriques sur celle qui existe entre un courant électrique et un aimant ou le globe terrestre et celle de deux aimans I'un sur I'autre.' Dibner 62 Norman 43. On the title-page of this publication it is stated 'Extrait des Annales de Chimie et de Physique' and therefore this publication is often identified as an offprint of the two offered papers see the Norman sales catalogue for an example. This is however untrue since it contains considerable changes and additions in comparison with text of the journal issues see Williams: What were Ampère's Earliest Discoveries in Electrodynamics ISIS volume 74 p.492.Honeyman 82 Barchas 51 Wheeler 762. </em> unknown
182022536Paris: Chez Crochard 1820. First Edition. Boards. Very Good. First Edition. 448 pages plus 5 plates 1 folding. 8vo. Contemporary quarter calf over marbled boards with black spine labels. Early label Coquard a Epinal on front pastedown. The entire volume of "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" Vol. Quinzieme XV 15 offered. Surface wear/damage to the leather finish resulting in minor loss to gilding and top label and minor fraying to the head/tail spine panel. Small spot of worming inside lower rear board at the gutter. Text generally bright and clean. <br /> <br /> This volume contains the original journal appearance of the separately issued "Memoires sur l'Action Mutuelle de Deux Courans Electriques" in three sections over two articles pp. 59-76 & 170-218. Section 1: "De l'Action mutuelle de deux courans electriques" pages 59-76 continued as "Suite Du Memoire sur l'Action mutuelle entre deux courans electriques entre un courant electrque et un aimant ou le globe terrestre et entre deux aimans" on pages 170-188. Section 2: "Direction des courans electriques par l'action du globe terrestre" on pages 188-196. Section 3: "De l'Action mutuelle entre un conducteur electrique et un aimant" pages 196-218. Plus plate number 4 in the rear which illustrates the articles. Boards. Ampere is today celebrated for his fundamental work in the new field of electrodynamics. The three part paper offered here established “the relationship between electric current-flow and magnetism and established the new science of electrodynamics.†Norman <br /> <br /> “In a four page circular dated Copenhagen July 21st 1820 H.C. Orsted communicated his great discovery that a closed voltaic circuit exerts forces on an adjacent magnetic needle. In more modern language: a current-carrying electric circuit gives rise to magnetic forces in its surroundings. Orsted had found the long sought affinity between electricity and magnetism. The letter reached Arago … who at the next meeting of Academie des Sciences on Sept. 11th 1820 with Ampere in attendance presented the letter and Orsted's experiment. It was indeed a memorable meeting. Already at the next weekly meeting on Sept. 18th Ampere delivered an explanation of Orsted's experiment and supported it with new experiments of his own. At every weekly meeting in the following months Ampere produced new results.†Ekelof<br /> <br /> 'In this first paper Sept. 18 he explains the law determining the position of the magnetic needle in relation to the electric current and he also makes known his intended experiments with spiral of helical wires which he predicts will acquire and retain the properties of magnets so long as the electrical current flows through them He constructed his spirals and helices and to the astonishment of all he produced magnets formed only of spools of copper wire traversed by electric currents.' Mottelay<br /> <br /> The Honeyman sale #82 notes that the paper offered here is "The first appearance of the first of a series of important papers reporting Ampere's discoveries on the electric current." Honeyman also had #83 the first separate appearance of these journal articles published as "Memoires sur l'Action mutuelle de deux courans electriques." which we believe had additional information not present in this journal appearance and hence is not a traditional "offprint" but a later state of the work. Norman notes that Ampere developed the science of electrodynamics over the next seven years publishing in a "bewildering array of journal articles offprints and revisions of earlier works.further noting some 'reprints' of Ampere's articles appear in as many as five different versions."<br /> <br /> This is an opportunity to own the original first printed appearance of Ampere's fundamentally important work in Electrodynamics. It would be an interesting collection to build the variations of Ampere's work over those seven years to see how his thought evolved. As far as we are aware there is no standard bibliographic reference for Ampere's work.<br /> <br /> LITERATURE<br /> Dibner Heralds of Science 62 first separate edition<br /> Honeyman Sale 82 original journal appearance<br /> Mottelay Bibliographical History of Electricity and Magnetism p. 472<br /> Norman 43 first separate edition. <br /> Ekelof Catalogue of Books and Papers in Electricity and Magnetism pp 284-286<br /> Sparrow Milestones of Science p33 first separate edition. Chez Crochard unknown
182559780Paris Crochard 1825. 8vo. Bound in contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." tome 29. Entire volume offered. Very light occassional foxing otherwise a fine and clean copy with no institutional stamps. Pp. 381-404; 373-381. Entire volume: 448 pp. folded plate. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this famous memoir in which Ampère presented his collected results on electrodynamics to the French Academy creating the foundation of 19th century developments in electricity and magnetism. In the words of James Clark Maxwell "We can scarcely believe that Ampère really discovered the law of action by means of the experiments which he describes. We are led to suspect what indeed he tells us himself that he discovered the law by some process which he has not shown us and that when he had afterwards built up a pefect demonstration he removed all traces of the scaffolding by which he raised it." The offered memoir was published BEFORE the famous "Theorie mathématique des phénomènes électro-dynamiques uniquement déduite de L'expérience" which did not appear until 1827. That 1827-Memoire incorporates together with a new presentation of Ampère's results from 1820 1822 1823 the offered memoir 1825. Horblit: 100 - Dibner: 62. "From 1814 until 1820 Ampére did not perform the kind of research that would have made it into the annals of the histrory of science but on September 11 1820 when he heard Francois Arago speak about Oersted's work he got fresh inspiration and started the work that made him famous. Arago related how Oersted had found that a steady electric current influences the orientation of a compass needle. After a weak Ampère had determined experimentally that that two straight parallel and current-carrying wires execute a force on each other. The magnitude of the force is inversely proportional to the distance between the wires and proportional to the strenghts of the current. During the following years he continued his researches both experimentally and theoretically. he built an instrument for measuring electricity that later was developed into the galvanometer. Finally in 1825 he presented his collected results to the Academy IN ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY The paper offered." Citizen's Compendium p. 2. - Norman No 47. The volumes contain many other notable papers by: Wöhler Fresnel Marcet Berzelius Felix Savart De la Rive Braconnet Boussingault Magnus Poncelet Vaugelin Poisson Gay-Lussac Faraday Laplace etc. </em> unknown
182548082Paris Crochard 1825. 8vo. Bound in 2 uniform later hcloth. Gilt lettering to spines. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." tome 29 a. 30. - 448 pp. and 3 folded engraved plates 448 pp. and 2 folded engraved plates. The entire volumes offered. Ampère's papers: pp. 381-404 tome 29 Suite pp. 29-41 tome 30 "Lettre à Gerhardi": pp. 373-381 tome 29. Some scattered brownspots. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this famous memoir in which Ampère presented his collected results on electrodynamics to the French Academy creating the foundation of 19th century developments in electricity and magnetism. In the words of James Clark Maxwell "We can scarcely believe that Ampère really discovered the law of action by means of the experiments which he describes. We are led to suspect what indeed he tells us himself that he discovered the law by some process which he has not shown us and that when he had afterwards built up a pefect demonstration he removed all traces of the scaffolding by which he raised it."The offered memoir was published BEFORE the famous "Theorie mathématique des phénomènes électro-dynamiques uniquement déduite de L'expérience" which did not appear until 1827. That 1827-Memoire incorporates together with a new presentation of Ampère's results from 1820 1822 1823 the offered memoir 1825. Horblit: 100 - Dibner: 62."From 1814 until 1820 Ampére did not perform the kind of research that would have made it into the annals of the histrory of science but on September 11 1820 when he heard Francois Arago speak about Oersted's work he got fresh inspiration and started the work that made him famous. Arago related how Oersted had found that a steady electric current influences the orientation of a compass needle. After a weak Ampère had determined experimentally that that two straight parallel and current-carrying wires execute a force on each other. The magnitude of the force is inversely proportional to the distance between the wires and proportional to the strenghts of the current. During the following years he continued his researches both experimentally and theoretically. he built an instrument for measuring electricity that later was developed into the galvanometer. Finally in 1825 he presented his collected results to the Academy IN ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY The paper offered." Citizen's Compendium p. 2. - Norman No 47.The volumes contain many other notable papers by: Wöhler Fresnel Marcet Berzelius Felix Savart De la Rive Braconnet Boussingault Magnus Poncelet Vaugelin Poisson Gay-Lussac Faraday Laplace etc. </em> hardcover
182547420Paris Crochard 1825. Extracted from "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." tome 29 a. 30. Ampère's papers: pp. 381-404 a. 1 folded engraved plate tome 29 Suite pp. 29-41 tome 30 "Lettre à Gerhardi": pp. 373-381 tome 29. With both halftitlepages to vol. 29 a. 30. Scattered brownspots. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this famous memoir in which Ampère presented his collected results on electrodynamics to the French Academy creating the foundation of 19th century developments in electricity and magnetism. In the words of James Clark Maxwell "We can scarcely believe that Ampère really discovered the law of action by means of the experiments which he describes. We are led to suspect what indeed he tells us himself that he discovered the law by some process which he has not shown us and that when he had afterwards built up a pefect demonstration he removed all traces of the scaffolding by which he raised it."The offered memoir was published BEFORE the famous "Theorie mathématique des phénomènes électro-dynamiques uniquement déduite de L'expérience" which did not appear until 1827. That 1827-Memoire incorporates together with a new presentation of Ampère's results from 1820 1822 1823 the offered memoir 1825. Horblit: 100 - Dibner: 62."From 1814 until 1820 Ampére did not perform the kind of research that would have made it into the annals of the histrory of science but on September 11 1820 when he heard Francois Arago speak about Oersted's work he got fresh inspiration and started the work that made him famous. Arago related how Oersted had found that a steady electric current influences the orientation of a compass needle. After a weak Ampère had determined experimentally that that two straight parallel and current-carrying wires execute a force on each other. The magnitude of the force is inversely proportional to the distance between the wires and proportional to the strenghts of the current. During the following years he continued his researches both experimentally and theoretically. he built an instrument for measuring electricity that later was developed into the galvanometer. Finally in 1825 he presented his collected results to the Academy IN ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY The paper offered." Citizen's Compendium p. 2. - Norman No 47. </em> unknown
182543749Paris Crochard 1825. 8vo. 2 contemporary half calfs w. richly gilt spines. Light wear at top of spines. Minor scratches to upper compartments of spines. Small stamps on verso of title-pages and verso of plates. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." tome 29 a. 30. - 448 pp. and 3 folded engraved plates 448 pp. and 2 folded engraved plates. The entire volumes offered. Ampère's papers: pp. 381-404 tome 29 Suite pp. 29-41 tome 30 "Lettre à Gerhardi": pp. 373-381 tome 29. Clean and fine throughout. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of this famous memoir in which Ampère presented his collected results on electrodynamics to the French Academy creating the foundation of 19th century developments in electricity and magnetism. In the words of James Clark Maxwell "We can scarcely believe that Ampère really discovered the law of action by means of the experiments which he describes. We are led to suspect what indeed he tells us himself that he discovered the law by some process which he has not shown us and that when he had afterwards built up a pefect demonstration he removed all traces of the scaffolding by which he raised it."The offered memoir was published BEFORE the famous "Theorie mathématique des phénomènes électro-dynamiques uniquement déduite de L'expérience" which did not appear until 1827. That 1827-Memoire incorporates together with a new presentation of Ampère's results from 1820 1822 1823 the offered memoir 1825. Horblit: 100 - Dibner: 62."From 1814 until 1820 Ampére did not perform the kind of research that would have made it into the annals of the histrory of science but on September 11 1820 when he heard Francois Arago speak about Oersted's work he got fresh inspiration and started the work that made him famous. Arago related how Oersted had found that a steady electric current influences the orientation of a compass needle. After a weak Ampère had determined experimentally that that two straight parallel and current-carrying wires execute a force on each other. The magnitude of the force is inversely proportional to the distance between the wires and proportional to the strenghts of the current. During the following years he continued his researches both experimentally and theoretically. he built an instrument for measuring electricity that later was developed into the galvanometer. Finally in 1825 he presented his collected results to the Academy IN ONE OF THE MOST CELEBRATED MEMOIRS IN THE HISTORY OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY The paper offered." Citizen's Compendium p. 2. - Norman No 47.The volumes contain many other notable papers by: Wöhler Fresnel Marcet Berzelius Felix Savart De la Rive Braconnet Boussingault Magnus Poncelet Vaugelin Poisson Gay-Lussac Faraday Laplace etc. </em> unknown
182845872Paris Crochard 1828. No wrappers. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." tome 39 Sec. Cahier With halftitle to vol. 39. pp. 113-224. Entire issue offered. Ampere's paper: pp. 113-145 a. 1 folded engrave plate. The plate with a few mostly marginal brownspots. <br/><br/><em>First appearance of Ampere's mathematical treatment of Fresnel's ondulatory theory of light agreeing with Fresnel and opposed to Biot and Laplace who advocated a corpuscular theory. </em> unknown
181644516Paris Crochard 1816-25. Bound in 2 fine recent hmorocco. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Redigées par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago" Tome I IV IX X XI XV XVII XX XXI XXIII XXVIII and XXIX. Some memoirs with scattered brownspots. All but volume 15 with the orig. titlepages to the volumes. Vol. XV having instead of the titlepage a sample of the orig. printed wrappers December issue 1820. Bound at end of volume 2. The memoir no. 25a below is inserted at the end of volume 2. Some of the memoirs having textillustrations. Some versos of titlepages with stamps. <br/><br/><em>First appearances of this groundbreaking series of papers and memoirs in which Fresnel established the scientific basis for the wave theory of light and gave the theoretical framework for explaining in the context of his theory of the transversal nature of lightwaves the phenomena of double refraction refraction dispersion polarization interference diffraction patterns diffraction fringes as light spreads around objects etc. He developed mathematically the hypothesis of the wave nature of light and he demonstrates its conformity with experience. His study of light was a dynamic interplay between theory and observation between mathematics and experiment. - The offered series also comprises the contributions from Arago and the rapports from The French Academy's committees by Ampère Biot and Fourier - see below nos. 6111415a.nd 18."From the point of view of method his investigations extended from the manual operations of the laboratory to the most abstract mathematical analyses. Few physicists since Newton had been so versatile."Silliman in "Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences" vol. 4 p. 155."The wave-thory at this time was still encumbered with difficulties. Diffraction was not satisfactorily explained; for polarization no explanation of any kind was forthcoming; the Huygenian construction appeared to require two different luminiferous media within double refracting bodies; and the universality of that construction had been impugned by Brewster's discovery of biaxial crystals. The upholders of the emission theory emboldened by the success of Laplace's theory of double refraction thought the time ripe for their final triunph; and as a step to this in March 1817 they proposed Diffration as the subject of the Academy's prize for 1818. Their expectation was disappointed; and the successful memoir afforded the first of a series of reverses of which in the short space of seven years the corpuscular theory was completely owerthrown. The author was Augustin Fresnel."Whittaker "A History of the Theories of Aether & Electricity" vol. 1 p.107 ff."This concept of transverse waves met with the greatest hostility from the scientists of the day who could not imagine an extremely fluid and rarified ether which at the same time possessed the mechanical properties of a rigid body. Even Arago admitted that he could not follow the exuberant engineer in his ideas. ButFresnel was convinced that at last he had the key to many mysteries and with his model of waves he gave a full clarification of the phenomena of polarization. With insuperable precision he explained a long series of extremely complicated experiments such as those of chromatic polarization that Arago himself had discovered by chance in 1811 and which the followers of Newton could not explain in spite of all their efforts. Following this line Fresnel reached the synthesis which is his masterpiece.we must recall the final interpretation that he gave of the famous phenomenon of partial reflection by transparent surfaces that simple phenomenon which until then had puzzled Grimaldi Newton and Huygens and which in Malus's experiments had unexpectedly acquired a special importencee as it had been compared to the great mystery of double refraction."Ronchi "The Nature of Light" p. 255 ff.Comprising:1. Mémoire sur la Diffraction de la lumière où l'on examine particululièrement le phénomène des franges colorées que présentent les ombres des corps éclairés par un point lumineux. "Ann.Chim.P." Tome 1. 1816. With titlepage to vol. 1. Pp. 239-281 and 1 folded engraved plate.2. Extrait d'une Lettre de M. Fresnel à M. Arago sur l'influence de la chaleur dans les couleurs développées par la polarisation.Tome 4. 1817. With titlepage to vol. 4. Pp. 298-300.3. Lettre de M. Fresnel à M. Arago sur l'influence du mouvement terrestres dans quelques phénomènes terrestres dans quelques phénoménes d'optique. Tome 9. 1818. With titlepage to vol. 18. Pp. 57-70.4. Note additionelle à la Lettre de M. Fresnel à M. Arago insérée dans le dernier Cahier des Annales. Tome 9. 1818. Pp. 286-287.5. FRESNEL & ARAGO. Sur l'Action que le rayons de lumiére polarisés exercent les uns sur les autres. Tome 10. 1819. With titlepage to vol. 10. Pp. 288-305. - Also with "Extrait d'un ouvrage du P. Grimaldi intitulé: Traité physico-mathérmatique de la lumiere des couleurs et de l'iris". Pp. 306-312.6. ARAGO. Rapport par M. Arago à l'Academie des Sciences au nom de la Commission qui avait été chargée d'examiner les Mémoires envoyés au concours pour le prix de la diffraction. Tome 11. 1819. With titlepage to vol. 11. Pp. 5-30.7. Mémoire sur la Diffraction de la Lumiere. Extrait. This importent Price-Memoir was only printed in full in 1826. Tome 11. 1819. Pp. 246-296.8. Suite Du Mémoire sur la Diffraction de la Lumière. Tome 11. 1819. Pp. 337-378. Note sur des Essais ayant pour but de décomposer l'eau avec un aimant. Pp. 219-222.9. Note sur des Essais ayant pour but de décomposer l'eau avec un aimant. Tome 15. 1820. Pp. 219-222. No titlepage to vol. 15.10. Résume d'un Mémoire sur la Reflexion de la lumière. Tome 15. 1820. Pp. 379-386. Tome 15 is here represented with the last issue of the year Decembre 1820 pp. 337-448 and instead of the titlepage having the orig. printed wrappers bound at end of the second volume.11. ARAGO & AMPÈRE. Rapport fait à l'Academie des Sciences le lundi 4 juin 1821 sur un Mémoire de M. Fresnel relatif aux couleurs des lames cristallisées douées de la double réfraction. Tome 17. 1821. Titlepage to vol. 17. Pp. 80-102.12. Note sur le Calcul des teintes que la polarisation développe dans les lames cristallisées. Tome 17. 1821. Pp. 102-111.13. IIe Note sur la Coloration des lames cristallisées. Tome 17. 1821. Pp. 167-196.14. BIOT. Remarques de M. Biot sur un Rapport lu le 4 juin 1821 à l'Academie des Sciences par MM. Arago et Ampere. Tome 17. 1821. Pp. 225-258.15. ARAGO. Examen des Remarques de M. Biot. Tome 17. 1821. Pp. 258-273. 16. Addition à la IIe Note insérée dans le Cahier précédent par M. Fresnel. Tome 17. 1821. Pp. 312-315.17. Note sur les remarques de M. Biot publiées dans le Cahier précédent. Tome 17. 1821. Pp. 393-403.18. FOURIER AMPÈRE ET ARAGO. Rapport fait à l'Academie sur un Mémoire de M. Fresnel relatif à la double réfraction. Commission: Fourier Ampère et Arago. Tome 20 1822. With titlepage to vol. 20. Pp. 337-344.19. Note sur la double réfraction du verre comprimé. Tome 20. 1822. Pp. 376-383.20. Explication de la Réfraction dans le système des ondes. Tome 21 1822. Titlepage to vol. 21. Pp. 225-241. LAGRANGE. Sur la Théorie de la lumière d'Huygens. Pp. 241-246.21. Sur l'Ascension des nuages dans l'atmosphère. Tome 21 1822. Pp. 260-263.22. Réponse de M. Fresnel à la Lettre de M. Poisson insérée dans le tome XXII des Annales p. 270. Tome 23 1823. Titlepage to vol. 23. Pp. 32-49.23. Note sur le Phénomène des anneaux colorés. Tome 23 1823. Pp. 129-134.24. Suite de la Réponse de M.A. Fresnel à la Lettre de M. Poisson. Tome 23 1823. Pp. 113-122.25. Extrait d'un Mémoire sur la double Réfraction particulière que présente le cristal de roche dans la irection de son axe. Tome 28 1825. Titlepage to vol. 28. Pp. 147-161. 25 a Extrait d'un Mémoire sur la double Réfraction. Tome 28 1825. Pp. 263-279. According to Buchwald "The Rise of the Wave Theory opf Light" p. 462 these 2 extracts composes the entire memoire.26. Note sur la Répulsion que des corps échauffés exercent les uns sur les autres à des distances sensibles. Lue à l'Institut le 13 juin 1825. Tome 29 1825. Titlepage to vol. 29. Pp. 57-62.27. Extrait d'un Mémoire sur la Loi des modifications imprimées à la lumière polarisée par sa réflexion totale dans l'intérieur des corps transparens. Tome 29 1825. Pp. 175-187. This paper was never printed in full. </em> unknown
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182051054Paris 1820. Small 8vo. Contemporary original blank blue paper wrappers. Annulated stamp to title-page otherwise a nice clean and fresh copy. 68 pp. 5 engraved plates. <br/><br/><em>First edition in the extremely scarce off-print of the first announcement of Ampère's seminal discoveries on electromagnetism which laid the foundation for electrodynamics. Ampère first heard of Ørsted's discovery of electromagnetism on the 4th of September when Arago announced Ørsted's results to the Paris Academy of Sciences. In Ørsted's experiment a current-carrying wire is held over and under a compass needle - the result being that the needle is positioned at 45 degrees in respect to the wire. Ampére immediately saw that this result made no physical sense and realized that the true nature of the effect could not be observed until the force of terrestrial magnetism was somehow neutralized; what Ørsted had observed and reported on was the resultant of the force from the wire and that from the earth's magnetic field. Ampère discovered that the compass needle sets at 90 degrees to the current-carrying wire when the effect of terrestial magnetism is eliminated. He also observed that current-carrying wires which are formed as spirals act as permanent magnets and this lead him to his theory that electricity in motion produces magnetism and that permanent magnets must contain electrical currents. And thus Ampère laid the foundation of the new field of electrodynamics."Ampère professor of mathematics at the Polytechnique heard of Oersted's discovery and immediately set up a series of experiments to determine the exact relationships of current-flow and magnetism. In a week Ampère presented the first of a series of papers establishing the laws of forces acting between conductors carrying current." Dibner. Ampère's seminal results were announced in a series of memoires read before the Paris Academy of Sciences in September and October 1820. These memoires were first published in the September and October issues of Arago's "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" and in November Ampère had the scarce seperate printing of his findings published under the title "Mémoires sur I'action mutuelle de deux courans électriques sur celle qui existe entre un courant électrique et un aimant ou le globe terrestre et celle de deux aimans I'un sur I'autre". It is this publication that is considered "his first great memoir on electrodynamics" DSB.Sparrow: 8; Dibner: 62; Honeyman: 83; Barchas 51 only the periodical-issue; Wheeler 762 only the periodical-issue. </em> unknown
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