Technologie

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United States Congress House of Representatives Committee on Science and Technology Subcommittee on Space Science and ApplicicatBiblio.com

Extraterrestrial Intelligence Research: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications of the Committee on Science and Technology U.S. House of Representatives Ninety-fifth Congress Second Session September 19 20 1978 No. 97

197960187Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1979. Presumed First Edition First printing. Wraps. Very good. iii 1 89l 3 pages. Illustrations. No dust jacket. Has some wear and soiling. NASA proposed to initiate a program designed to search for extraterrestrial intelligence which involved a systematic study of the radio frequency spectrum for evidence of intelligent transmissions from space. This hearing provided an opportunity to review the nature and scope of the program and to examine the rationale requirements and issues associated with establishing and maintaining a viable search capability. Among the witnesses were Richard Berendzen Philip Morrison Noel Hinners George Pimentel A. G. W. Cameron David Heeschen and Bernard Oliver. The witnesses came from NASA other government agencies academia and industry. Extraterrestrial Intelligence ETI research primarily known as SETI Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence is the scientific endeavor to find signs of technologically advanced life beyond Earth using radio telescopes optical searches and data analysis to detect technosignatures like artificial signals or artifacts with major organizations like the SETI Institute leading efforts to understand humanity's place in the cosmos and whether we are alone. This field has grown from fringe to rigorous science exploring radio waves laser signals and atmospheric clues though debates continue about sending messages versus just listening. Key approaches: Radio SETI: Scanning the skies for narrow-band radio signals or patterned emissions that can't be natural using facilities like the Allen Telescope Array; Optical SETI: Searching for brief powerful laser pulses or other optical signals from alien civilizations; Technosignature Search: Looking for indirect signs of alien technology like waste heat or atmospheric pollution through advanced telescopes; Active SETI METI: Messaging the Extraterrestrial Intelligence-sending powerful signals into space. The Core Concepts & Significance include Technosignatures: Evidence of technology distinct from biosignatures chemical signs of life and the Drake Equation: A framework for estimating the number of communicative civilizations in our galaxy. This research is interdisciplinary in its nature and Involves astronomy physics computer science linguistics and philosophy. There remains high public belief in ETI that fuels some level of support even as funding for searches remains a challenge. U.S. Government Printing Office paperback

United States National Science and Technology Council Interagency Working Group on Cyber Security and Information AssuranceBiblio.com

Federal Plan for Cyber Security and Information Assurance Reearch and Development

200669269Washington DC: United States National Science and Technology Council 2006. Presumed first edition/first printing. Wraps. Very good. Caras James J. x 2 122 p. Includes illustrations. Distribution letter laid in. This report sets our a framework for a multi-agency coordination of Federal R&D investments in technologies to better security the interconnected computing systems networks and information of the U.S. information technology infrastructure. From an official website: "The National Science and Technology Council NSTC was established by Executive Order on November 23 1993. This Cabinet-level Council is the principal means within the executive branch to coordinate science and technology policy across the diverse entities that make up the Federal research and development enterprise. Chaired by the President the membership of the NSTC is made up of the Vice President the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy Cabinet Secretaries and Agency Heads with significant science and technology responsibilities and other White House officials. A primary objective of the NSTC is the establishment of clear national goals for Federal science and technology investments in a broad array of areas spanning virtually all the mission areas of the executive branch. The Council prepares research and development strategies that are coordinated across Federal agencies to form investment packages aimed at accomplishing multiple national goals. The work of the NSTC is organized under five primary committees: Environment Natural Resources and Sustainability; Homeland and National Security; Science Technology Engineering and Math STEM Education; Science; and Technology. Each of these committees oversees subcommittees and working groups focused on different aspects of science and technology and working to coordinate across the federal government." United States, National Science and Technology Council paperback

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United States Office of Science and Technology Policy Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and TechnologyBiblio.com

High Performance Computing and Communications: Toward a National Information Infrastructure: A Report by the Committee on Physical Mathematical and Engineering Sciences

199468257Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1994. Presumed first edition/first printing. Wraps. Very good. No dust jacket. 4 x176 pages. Includes: illustrations index. Glossary. Cover has some wear at spine and other minor wear and corner creases. The goal of the Federal High Performance Computing and Communications HPCC Program is to accelerate the development of future generations of high performance computers and networks and the use of these resources in the Federal government and throughout the American economy. Scalable high performance computers advanced high speed computer communications networks and advanced software are critical components of a new National Information Infrastructure NII. This infrastructure is essential to our national competitiveness and will enable us to strengthen and improve the civil infrastructure digital libraries education and lifelong learning energy management the environment health care manufacturing processes and products national security and public access to government information. This document was prepared to supplement the President's Fiscal Year 1994 Budget. This report describes the Federal Coordinating Council for Science Engineering and Technology FCCSET Initiative in High Performance Computing and Communications. This initiative was aimed at developing computing communications and software technologies for the 21st century. The HPCC Program was fully supportive of and coordinated with the National Information Initiative NII which was part of the President's and Vice President's Technology Initiative that was released on February 22 1993. U.S. Government Printing Office paperback

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United States Congress, Office of Technology AssessmentsBiblio.com

Managing the Nation's Commercial High-Level Radioactive Waste; OTA-O-171

198577986Washington DC: United States Congress Office of Technology Assessments 1985. Presumed First Edition First printing. Trade paperback. Good. vii 1 348 pages. Footnotes. Tables. Figures. Appendix A through H including Glossary Acronyms and Abbreviations. The assessment was originally undertaken at the request of the House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries and focused on the ocean disposal of nuclear waste. OTA later broadened the study to include all aspects of high-level waste disposal after expressions of interest and support by the Senate Committees on Energy and Natural Resources and on Commerce Science and Technology; by the Senate National Ocean Policy Study; and by the House Committees on Science and Technology and on Foreign Affairs. Additional requests for analysis were received from the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works and from the House Committees on Interior and Insular Affairs and on Energy and Commerce. The original analysis findings were published in OTA's 1982 summary report. As part of its analysis of NWPA OTA has identified the elements of a Mission Plan that can meet the requirements of the Act using only the authority it provides. Comparison between this ''OTA Mission Plan" and DOE's Draft Mission Plan provides a basis for identifying the major strategic decisions in the Mission Plan. Comparison also reveals several areas in which additional analysis by DOE would provide valuable information for congressional deliberations during the 30 working days that the Mission Plan lies before Congress before becoming effective. In general the OTA Mission Plan represents an expansion rather than a redirection of the approach in DOE's Draft Mission Plan. None of DOE's ongoing repository siting or development activities need or should be deferred pending development of a final Mission Plan. The major difference between the two Mission Plans lies in the measures used to provide confidence that spent fuel will be removed from reactor sites within a reasonable period despite the technical and institutional uncertainties associated with siting and licensing the first geologic repository. United States Congress, Office of Technology Assessments paperback

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United States, Congress, House of Representatives, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, Subcommittee on Energy ResearchBiblio.com

Nuclear Power in Space; Hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development of the Committee on Science Space and Technology House of Representatives One Hundred First Congress First Session September 30 1989 No. 60

198975983Washington DC: U. S. Government Printing Office 1989. Presumed First Edition First printing. Wraps. Good. iii 1 183 5 pages. Illustrations. Appendix. Ink notation and pencil erasure residue on front page. Mail label mark on back page. The hearing addressed: Usefulness of space power research to ground-based nuclear reactor systems --Personnel development and educational needs of the universities as they relate to the development of space nuclear power systems --Nuclear power plants for space vehicles developed --and Role of the universities in supporting the space nuclear power technology development. Witnesses from the Air Force National Aeronautics and Space Administration the Department of Energy the General Accounting Office Westinghouse Hanford Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory and the Los Alamos National Laboratory testified. Nuclear power in space is the use of nuclear power in outer space typically either small fission systems or radioactive decay for electricity or heat. One common type is a radioisotope thermoelectric generator which has been used on many space probes and on manned lunar missions and another is small fission reactors for Earth observation satellites such as the TOPAZ nuclear reactor. A radioisotope heater unit provides heat from radioactive decay of a material and can potentially produce heat for decades. R The United States tested a nuclear reactor in space for 43 days in 1965. While not yet tested in space the test of the Demonstration Using Flattop Fission DUFF on September 13 2012 was the first test of a nuclear reactor power system for space since then. Examples of nuclear power for space propulsion systems include nuclear electric rocket radioisotope rocket and radioisotope electric propulsion. One of the more explored is the nuclear thermal rocket which was tested in the NERVA program. U. S. Government Printing Office paperback

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United States, Congress, Office of Technology AssessmentBiblio.com

Proliferation and the Former Soviet Union; OTA-ISC-605

199475543Washington DC: U. S. Government Printing Office 1994. Presumed First Edition First printing. Wraps. Very good. x 92 2 pages. Footnotes. Maps. Illustrations. Tables. Boxes. Index. Cover has slight wear and soiling. The report examines the whole range of consequences for proliferation of weapons of mass destruction of the Soviet Union's breakup and describes how U.S. assistance may reduce specific proliferation risks in the former Soviet Union. This report the fifth publication from OTA'S assessment on the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction examines the whole range of consequences for proliferation of the Soviet Union's breakup. One effect may be the erosion of international nonproliferation treaty regimes. In spite of the continuing desire of most of the newly independent states of the former Soviet Union to support nonproliferation goals these states face internal challenges: social and economic disruption are rampant and the degree of central governmental control over activities nominally within their jurisdictions is often questionable. Of particular concern are economic hardship and low morale among many individuals with access to vital weapon information or sensitive facilities--a situation aggravated by inadequate national systems to account for and secure nuclear materials to control exports and to police borders. The Office of Technology Assessment OTA was an office of the United States Congress from 1972 to 1995. OTA's purpose was to provide Congressional members and committees with objective and authoritative analysis of the complex scientific and technical issues of the late 20th century i.e. technology assessment. It was a leader in practicing and encouraging delivery of public services in innovative and inexpensive ways including early involvement in the distribution of government documents through electronic publishing. Its model was widely copied around the world. Princeton University hosts The OTA Legacy site which holds "the complete collection of OTA publications along with additional materials that illuminate the history and impact of the agency". On July 23 2008 the Federation of American Scientists launched a similar archive that includes interviews and additional documents about OTA. U. S. Government Printing Office paperback

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United States, Congress, Office of Technology AssessmentBiblio.com

Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction; Assessing the Risks OTA-ISC-559

199373964Washington DC: U. S. Government Printing Office 1993. Presumed First Edition First printing. Wraps. Very good. vii 1 123 1 pages. Illustrations. Footnotes. Index. Cover has slight wear and soiling. Since the end of the Cold War the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction has become much more prominent in U.S. national security and foreign policy planning. Revelations about Iraqi North Korean South African and Israeli nuclear weapon programs the possibility of a nuclear arms race in South Asia and the multidimensional conflicts in the Middle East all point to the immediacy of this problem. At least three main factors underlie this renewed emphasis on proliferation. First the reduced military threat from the former Soviet Union has increased the relative importance of lesser powers especially if armed with weapons of mass destruction. Second certain international political and technological trends are increasing the threat to international security from proliferation. Third new opportunities are opening for enhancing the current international regimes designed to stem proliferation. Since at least as far back as the 1960s the United States has recognized that proliferation is a global problem and combating it requires high levels of international cooperation. This country has also exerted unilateral influence to discourage proliferation. Nevertheless placing priority on nonproliferation will require the further development and enforcement of international norms and behavior supporting that objective. The Office of Technology Assessment OTA was an office of the United States Congress from 1972 to 1995. OTA's purpose was to provide Congressional members and committees with objective and authoritative analysis of the complex scientific and technical issues of the late 20th century i.e. technology assessment. It was a leader in practicing and encouraging delivery of public services in innovative and inexpensive ways including early involvement in the distribution of government documents through electronic publishing. Its model was widely copied around the world. Princeton University hosts The OTA Legacy site which holds "the complete collection of OTA publications along with additional materials that illuminate the history and impact of the agency". On July 23 2008 the Federation of American Scientists launched a similar archive that includes interviews and additional documents about OTA. U. S. Government Printing Office paperback

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United States, Congress, Office of Technology AssessmentBiblio.com

Round Trip to Orbit; Human Spaceflight Alternatives: Special Report: OTA-ISC-419

198975462Washington DC: United States Congress Office of Technology Assessment 1989. Presumed First Edition First printing. Trade paperback. Good. John Bergling Cover design. xii 116 4 pages. Illustrations. Boxes. Figures. Tables. Footnotes. Front cover has some sticker residue. Cover has some other wear and soiling. This special report examines a wide range of potential improvements to the Space Shuttle explores the future of space transportation for humans and presents policy options for congressional consideration. It is one of a series of products from abroad assessment of space transportation technologies undertaken by OTA requested by the Senate Committee on Commerce Science and Transportation and the House Committee on Science Space and Technology. In undertaking this effort OTA sought the contributions of a wide spectrum of knowledgeable individuals and organizations. Some provided information others reviewed drafts. OTA gratefully acknowledges their contributions of time and intellectual effort. OTA also appreciates the help and cooperation of NASA and the Air Force. The Office of Technology Assessment OTA was an office of the United States Congress from 1972 to 1995. OTA's purpose was to provide Congressional members and committees with objective and authoritative analysis of scientific and technical issues of the late 20th century i.e. technology assessment. It was a leader in practicing and encouraging delivery of public services in innovative and inexpensive ways including early involvement in the distribution of government documents through electronic publishing. Congress established the Office of Technology Assessment with the Technology Assessment Act of 1972.1 It was governed by a twelve-member board comprising six members of Congress from each party — half from the Senate and half from the House of Representatives. During its twenty-four-year life it produced about 750 studies on a wide range of topics including acid rain health care global climate change and polygraphs. Criticism of the agency was fueled by Fat City a book by Donald Lambro; it called OTA an "unnecessary agency" that duplicated government work done elsewhere. OTA was "de-funded" in the "Contract with America" period. United States, Congress, Office of Technology Assessment paperback

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United States Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, and Epstein, Gerald L (Project Director)Biblio.com

Technologies Underlying Weapons of Mass Destruction; Background Paper OTA-BP-ISC-115

199373962Washington DC: U. S. Government Printing Office 1993. Presumed First Edition First printing. Wraps. Good. viii 263 1 pages. Illustrations. Index. Cover has some wear and soiling. The Office of Technology Assessment produced some of the best writing on security-related technical issues. The authors summarize the principal technologies of chemical biological and nuclear weapons production. Purists will observe that chemical weapons are not really weapons of mass destruction but in this context that is a quibble. The report examines the variety of pathways states may pursue to acquire these weapons. Even more important it explains in mercifully clear language the variety of indicators that intelligence or inspection agencies may track to detect the production of such weapons. The discussion of the indicators or traces of proliferation efforts is good in itself but the authors go further by discussing the ways in which proliferators can conceal evidence or mislead would-be snoopers. In short an indispensable work. The Office of Technology Assessment OTA was an office of the United States Congress from 1972 to 1995. OTA's purpose was to provide Congressional members and committees with objective and authoritative analysis of the complex scientific and technical issues of the late 20th century i.e. technology assessment. It was a leader in practicing and encouraging delivery of public services in innovative and inexpensive ways including early involvement in the distribution of government documents through electronic publishing. Its model was widely copied around the world. Princeton University hosts The OTA Legacy site which holds "the complete collection of OTA publications along with additional materials that illuminate the history and impact of the agency". On July 23 2008 the Federation of American Scientists launched a similar archive that includes interviews and additional documents about OTA. U. S. Government Printing Office paperback

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United States Congress Office of Technology AssessmentBiblio.com

Technology & Soviet Energy Availability

198168195Washington DC: Congress of the U.S. Office of Technology Assessment: For sale by the. 1981. Presumed first edition/first printing. Wraps. Good. Cover has some wear and soiling. OTA press release laid in. vii 405 p. 26 cm. Illustrations. Footnotes. "November 1981"--rear cover. "OTA-ISC-153"--rear cover. From Wikipedia: "The Office of Technology Assessment OTA was an office of the United States Congress from 1972 to 1995. OTA's purpose was to provide Congressional members and committees with objective and authoritative analysis of the complex scientific and technical issues of the late 20th century i.e. technology assessment. It was a leader in practicing and encouraging delivery of public services in innovative and inexpensive ways including distribution of government documents through electronic publishing. Its model was widely copied around the world. Princeton University hosts The OTA Legacy site "the complete collection of OTA publications along with additional materials that illuminate the history and impact of the agency." On July 23 2008 the Federation of American Scientists launched a similar archive that includes interviews and additional documents about OTA. Congress created the Office of Technology Assessment in 1972 Public Law 92-484. It was governed by a twelve-member board comprising six members of Congress from each party half from the Senate and half from the House of Representatives. During its twenty-four-year life it produced about 750 studies on a wide range of topics including acid rain health care global climate change and polygraphs. The front and back of a tee shirt created and worn by some staff of the OTA to express their sentiments about the intent of the 104th Congress to terminate their service while simultaneously increasing the Library of Congress' budget by an amount equal to nearly twice that of OTA's. Compare to the official seal above and note the arm of Congress strangling the symbolic U.S.A. in the satirical version. Criticism of the agency was fueled by Fat City a 1980 book by Donald Lambro that was regarded favorably by the Reagan administration; it called OTA an "unnecessary agency" that duplicated government work done elsewhere. OTA was abolished technically "de-funded" in the "Contract with America" period of Newt Gingrich's Republican ascendancy in Congress. When the 104th Congress withdrew funding for OTA it had a full-time staff of 143 people and an annual budget of $21.9 million. The Office of Technology Assessment closed on September 29 1995. The move was criticized at the time including by Republican representative Amo Houghton who commented at the time of OTA s defunding that "we are cutting off one of the most important arms of Congress when we cut off unbiased knowledge about science and technology." Critics of the closure saw it as an example of politics overriding science and a variety of scientists such as biologist PZ Myers have called for the agency's reinstatement. While the OTA was closed down the very idea of technology assessment survived in particular in Europe. The European Parliamentary Technology Assessment EPTA network coordinates members of technology assessment units working for various European parliaments. The US Government Accountability Office has meanwhile established a TA unit taking on former duties of the OTA. While campaigning Hillary Clinton pledged to work to restore the OTA if elected President. On April 29 2009 House of Representatives member Rush Holt of New Jersey wrote an Op-Ed articulating the argument for restoring the OTA. In April 2010 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars released a report entitled "Reinventing Technology Assessment" that emphasized citizen engagement and called for performing the functions of the OTA by creating a nationwide network of non-partisan policy research organizations universities and science museums: the Expert & Citizen Assessment of Science & Technology ECAST network. ECAST would conduct both expert and participatory technology assessments for Congress and other clients. The author of the report was Dr. Richard Sclove of the Loka Institute. The report states that the drive to modernize OTA was initiated by. Congress of the U.S., Office of Technology Assessment: For sale by the.. paperback

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