Physique

1965 · 033385 — New York: The American Physical Society 1965. 1st Edition . Soft cover. Near Fine. Entire Issue In Original Blue-Green Wrappers. Near Fine. In 1965 "Pauling Spent Much Of His Time Away From Santa Barbara Developing A New Model Of The Atom Which He Called The Close-Packed-Spheron Model Of Atomic Nuclei. This Theory Of Nuclear Structure Was Published In Four Different Articles "Structural Significance Of The Principal Quantum Number Of Nucleonic Orbital Wave Functions" Phys. Rev. Lett. September 1965; "Structural Basis Of Neutron And Proton Magic Numbers In Atomic Nuclei" Nature October 1965; "The Close-Packed-Spheron Model Of Atomic Nuclei And Its Relation To The Shell Model" Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. October 1965; And "The Close-Packed-Spheron Theory And Nuclear Fission" Science October 1965 Each Of Which Addressed Different Implications Of The Theory. Pauling'S Work Dealt With "Magic Numbers" And Nuclear Subshells. Previously It Was Known That Magic Numbers Describe The Quantity Of Protons And Neutrons That Make An Atom Particularly Stable. Pauling'S Theory However Suggests That The "Magic" Qualities Associated With These Numbers Of Nuclear Components Corresponds To The Filling Of Nuclear "Spherons" Or Nuclear Sub-Units Where Protons And Neutrons Are Arranged. These Spherons Or Sub-Units Were Also Referred To As Shells In Previous Theories. The Close-Packed Theory Therefore Suggests That Nuclear Components Form Clusters Rather Than Arranging As Independent Particles. The Close-Packed-Spheron Model Was Based On The Earlier Nuclear Shell Theory. Pauling Took The Nuclear Shell Theory A Step Further By Attempting To Explain Why Specific Numbers Of Protons And Neutrons Cause Greater Nuclear Stability. The Close-Packed-Spheron Model States That The Lower Magic Numbers Represent Atoms In Which The First Or Second Nuclear Shells Are Filled And That Higher Magic Numbers Correspond To A Special "Mantle" Shell; That Is A Hybridized Shell That Can Form If Greater Amounts Of Nuclear Components Arrange Into Spheres. In Developing His Model Pauling Was Trying To Explain The Arrangement Of Nuclear Components By Simplifying Previous Theories And Applying The Principles Of Electron Orbitals To Protons And Neutrons In The Atomic Nucleus. Pauling'S Past Work Had Helped To Establish The Principles Of Electron Orbital Hybridization And He Hoped That This New Work Would Yield Similar Fruit For The Atomic Nucleus. If Such Were The Case It Would Then Be Possible To Explain The Stability Of Atoms With Magic Numbers And The Geometric Arrangement Of Protons And Neutrons. Pauling'S Close-Packed Theory Was Interesting And Relatively Simple; However It Failed To Spark Interest Among Many Other Scientists. For The Next Several Years Pauling Continued To Advocate For The Theory And In June 1974 He Applied For A National Science Foundation Grant To Support Further Theoretical Research On The Structure Of Atomic Nuclei. The Application Was Denied And Pauling Turned His Attentions Elsewhere." See The Pauling Blog. <br/> <br/> The American Physical Society paperback