Bichat, Xavier / Coffin, John GBiblio.com
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1987120343AB1987. Special reprint edition of Boston Cummings and Hilliard 1813. Birmingham AL The Classics of Medicine Library 1987. 13.5 cm x 22.5 cm. XIX 259 pages. Beautiful Hardcover with gilt lettering and ornament on spine with raised bands. Gilt designs to both boards. Marbled pastedowns and endpapers. All edges gilt. Beaver-brown silk ribbon bookmarker. Near fine condition. With protective mylar jacket. Bookplate of preowner stating "This is copy number 541 of the Classics of Medicine Library edition". Includes for example the following: General Considerations on the Classification of the Membranes / Of Mucous Membranes / Of Serous Membranes / Of Fibrous Membranes / Of Compound Membranes / Membranes Not Classed / Of Membranes Resulting from Disease /On the Arachnoid Membrane / Of the Synovial Membrane etc. Marie François Xavier Bichat 14 November 1771 22 July 1802 was a French anatomist and pathologist known as the father of modern histology. Bichat studied anatomy and surgery under Marc-Antoine Petit chief surgeon at the Hôtel Dieu in Lyon. In 1793 he became a pupil then assistant of Pierre-Joseph Desault surgeon and anatomist in Paris. After his teachers death in 1795 Bichat completed the fourth volume of Desaults Journal de chirurgie adding a biographical memoir of its author. In addition to his observations at the bedsides of patients at the Hôtel Dieu Bichat studied the postmortem changes induced in various organs by disease. Without knowledge of the cell as the functional unit of living things he was among the first to visualize the organs of the body as being formed through the differentiation of simple functional units or tissues. This view he developed in Traité des membranes 1800; Treatise on Membranes. Although he worked without a microscope Bichat distinguished 21 types of elementary tissues from which the organs of the human body are composed. Encyclopedia Britannica hardcover
1987305639Birmingham: Classics of Medicine 1987. Reprint. hardcover. fine. Translated by John G. Coffin. 259 pages 8vo full leather a.e.g. Birmingham: Privately Printed for the Classics of Medicine 1987. Mint.<br/> <br/> "He Bichat is regarded as the founder of modern histology and tissue pathology." GM 537. Facsimile of the Boston 1813 edition.<br/> <br/> Classics of Medicine unknown
18131355411Boston: Cummings and Hilliard 1813. First Thus. Hardcover. Octavo xix 21-253 154 255-259. Good; text complete despite pagination error; rebound in modern brown cloth boards with very light wear to spine edges and corners; binding tight; previous owner's stamps in ink on several pages as well as fore edge and top and bottom edges; other previous owner's name in ink on title page "Th. Henderson" text block else clean with a few areas of discoloration; extensive foxing and age-toning throughout. MF consignment. 1355411. Special Collections. Cummings and Hilliard hardcover
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1802270151802. Aus dem Französischen von C.F. Dörner. - Tübingen Jakob Friedrich Heerbrandt 1802 8° XXIV 400 pp. 2 Blätter Druckfehler und 4 Seiten Verlagsanzeigen Pappband der Zeit; feines Expl. Erste deutsche Ausgabe dieses bahnbrechenden medizinischen Werkes "Traité des membranes" herausgegeben im gleichen Jahr wie seine "Antomie générale". "Das unsterbliche Verdienst Bichat's besteht in der Begründung der Gewebelehre auf welcher der Hauptsache nach der Umschwung der Heilkunde unserer Tage beruht. . Bichat stellte sich die Aufgabe die lebendingen Vorgänge als den unmittelbaren Ausdruck ihres Baues nachzuweisen." Hirsch Marie Francois Xavier Bichat 1771-1802 teilte in dieser Schrift von den Membranen die Häute in muköse Schleimhaut des Verdauungs- und des Uro-Genital-Kanals seriöse und fibröse mit ihren Unterarten: sero-muköse und fibro-muköse Häute. Mit Meisterhand schildert er namentlich die 'bis jetzt unbeachtet gebliebenen 'Synovial-Häute und deren normales und pathologisches Verhalten' "Bichat conceived the idea of science of anatomy and pathology based upon an accurate classification of the various tissues of the body their distribution in the various organs and parts and their particular susceptiblities to disease. He is regarded as the founder of modern hsitology and tissue pathology." Garrison & Morton No.537 1st. French Ed. 1800 unknown
9399aLebrecht Leipzig 1802/1803 XXVIII/577/XXII/302 Seiten Pappbände der Zeit mit Rückenschild und verzierung Bibliotheks-Exemplar/etwas berieben/Band 2 leicht wasserrandig und Rücken mit Feutigkeisspuren. unknown
18291358768Philadelphia: Carey Lea & Carey 1829. Hardcover. Octavo 2 v-viii 9-326 pp. Poor; bound in contemporary leather with surface scratches to covers and wear to spine edges and corners; front board fully separated binding else tight; text block age-toned; age-toning and extensive foxing to pages throughout; ex-library copy with usual markings including a bookplate to front pastedown institutional stamps to several pages and call number written in pencil; MF consignment. 1358768. Special Collections. Carey, Lea & Carey hardcover
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190088297Paris : G. Steinheil 1900-1901. 230x138mm. 604Êpages reliure demi-basane. Auteur titre et filets dors au dos. 1490 G. Steinheil unknown
1801018631Paris: Chez Brosson Gabon et Cie 1801. 1ª Edição . Meia Inglesa / Half Leather. Bom / Good / Bon. In-8º 205x135. 1 Vol. de CXII-244 2 desdobráveis. Apenas o primeiro volume dos quatro que compõem a obra completa. <br/> <br/> Chez Brosson, Gabon et Cie hardcover
1801203921801. Paris Brosson Gabon et Cie. 1801 8° CXII 244 pp. pp.245 - 636 XXXVIII 414 pp. pp.415 - 828 4 HLdrBde. d.Zt. 2 farb. Rsch. BEGRÜNDER DER GEWEBELEHRE "In der Histologie und Physiologie Marie Francois Xavier Bichats 1771-1802 zeichnen sich für die Hepatologie einige wichtige neue Gesichtspunkte ab." 1.Das Leberparenchym wird als das morphologisch und funktionell spezifische Lebergewebe erkannt. Nach anderthalb Jahrhunderten iatromechanischer Physiologie die in der Leber eine hydraulische Maschine mit Blut- und Gallenröhren sah wird die vitale Bedeutung der spezifischen Lebersubstanz erneut hervorgehoben. Diese Anschauung führte dann zur Theorie der spezifisch belebten organischen Drüsensubstanz von Johannes Müller. 2.Bichat vermutete daß die Leber außer der Gallensekretion wichtige aber noch völlig unbekannte Funktionen zu erfüllen habe. Diese noch rätselhaften Aufgaben der Leber verküpfte Bichat mit dem Pfortadersystem. Die Leber ist Einzugsgebiet des venösen Blutes das aus den Verdauungsorganen herauskommt. Sie muß in irgendeiner Weise mit den Prozessen der Ernährung und Verdauung gekoppelt sein. 3.Bichat forderte eine strenge experimentelle Klinik und eine vorsichtige Interpretation der vivissektorischen Befunde." Mani II S.213-218 unknown
1801197311801. Paris Brosson Gabon et Cie. 1801 8° CXII 244 pp. pp.245 - 636 XXXVIII 414 pp. pp.415 - 828 4 HLdrBde. d.Zt. 2 farb. Rsch. In der theoretischen Medizin begegnet uns an der Schwelle des 19. Jahrhunderts der geniale Pariser Anatom Yavier Bichat jedem Stomatologen durch den seinen Namen tragenden Fettpfropf in der Wange wohlbekannt. Sein Wirken strahlte weit über sein Spezialfach hinaus; in einem kurzen Leben lenkte er die Heilkunde von der Spekulation die weitgehend das 18. Jahrhundert beherrscht hatte wieder zur Beobachtung. Den Sitz des Lebens und auch der Krankheit sah er im Gewebe 1801 so wie ihn Morgagni vierzig Jahre zuvor in die Organe und nach ihm Virchow 1858 in die Zelle verlegt hat. - Da Bichat das Mikroskop vernachlässigte blieb ihm das Wurzelelement unbekannt und das Dentin ist für ihn eine knöchernde Substanz mit Fasern die im allgemeinen die Richtung der Wurzeln haben. Vom Zahnwechsel hat er die klare Vorstellung daß die Scheidewand und die Wurzel des Milchzahnes durch die Einsaugung der phosphorsauern Kalkerde schwinden. Diese Nährsubstanz substance nutritive eignen sich dann die zweiten Zähne an. Hoffmann-Axthelm S-438. Heirs of Hippocrates No.756; Garrison-Morton 403; Cushing B 371; Osler 1301; Waller 1027; Wellcome II p.164. unknown
1801208531801. Paris Brosson Gabon et Cie. 1801 8° CXII 244 pp. pp.245 - 636 XXXVIII 414 pp. pp.415 - 828 4 HLdrBde. d.Zt. 2 farb. Rsch. ERSTE AUSGABE dieses Klassikers der Medizin in einem außergewöhnlich gutem Exemplar. unknown
1801183291801. Paris Brosson Gabon et Cie. 1801 8° CXII 244 pp. pp.245 - 636 XXXVIII 414 pp. pp.415 - 828 4 HLdrBde. d.Zt. 2 farb. Rsch. One of Medicine's most important books G/M. Marie Francois Xavier Bichat 1771-1802 "has introduced a new system into the science of anatomy and it is in this fact that his chief greatness lies." "In his writings Bichat shows himself about all a medical man; the functions of the body are invariably described in close relation to its morbid changes and to the manner in which the should be treated. Pathological anatomy engages his interest quite as much as normal anatomy and postmortem examinations formed a considerable part of his practical work. He studied the various parts of the body in both its healthy and its diseased state employing a number of different methods for the purpose; besides dissection he mentions drying cooking and maceration as well as treatment with acids alkalis and alcohol. On the other hand he did not use a microscope for he thought that this only gives to fallacies and delusions. And yet it is as the founder of a science of microscopy that he won his highest fame." "Bichat's conception of life has always been regarded as vitalistic. Indeed his theoretical fundamental view is unquestionably reminiscent of Stahl; life says he is »the sum of the functions that resist death«. It is a far cry however between Bichat's so called vitalism and Stahl's; the latter's theory of the soul as the ultimate end and conservator of the body Bichat strongly denies. Stahl he declares had realized the incompatibility between physical laws and animal functions but because the soul was everything to him in explaining the functions of life he failed to discover the laws of life. With equal emphasis however Bichat rejects Boerhaave's theory that life should be regarded as a purely mechanical process. »The true essence of life is unknown it can only be studied through the phenomena it manifests«." "The primary lesson he learnt from Stahl however is the importance that different structural conditions have for the functions of the organism; in fact the theory of structure represents Bichat's greatest contribution to the development of biology; it forms one of the corner-stones on which our conception of life and its manifestions rests." According to Bichat's classification the body is built up of tissues which may be grouped in systems - for example the bone system the cartilage system the muscle system. An organ is composed of several systems e.g. the stomach the lungs the brain; several organs form an apparatus e.g. the respiratory apparatus the digestive apparatus. The knowledge of the tissue systems forms what Bichat calls "general anatomy." "The tissues Bichat declares are the true conservators of the life of the body. He distinguishes between twentyone different kinds if tissues - namely 1 celluar closley corresponding to what is now called retiform connective tissue; 2 the nervous tissue of animal life; 3 the nervous tissue of organic life; 4 arterial; 5 venous; 6 the tissue of exhalation; 7 absorbent; 8 bone-tissue; 9 medullary tissue in the bones; 10cartilaginous; 11 fibrous; 12 fibrocartilaginous; 13 animal musculature; 14 organic musculature; 15 mucuous tissue; 16 serous; 17 synovial; 18 glandular; 19 dermoid; 29 epidermoid dermis and epidermis 21 capillary tissue. These tissues however are by no means alike everywhere; rather they invariably posess the power to adapt themselves to the organs in which they are incorporated. The tissues are the true conservators of life; not each invidual organ as Bordeau asserted but each individual tissue has invidual life. Therefore diseases in so far they attack individual organs are localized in their tissues; in abdominal catarrh it is the mucuous membrane that is affected and not the muscles in the abdominal wall; in inflammation of the brain it is in most cases the cerebral membrane that is the seat of the disease. »If we would study a bodily function we must consider the organs which perform that function from a general point of view but if we would become acquainted with the vital qualities of the organ we must disintegrate it« - that is into the tissues of which it is formed." "According to Bichat sensibility is the characteristic quality of the nervous system; the muscular system displays a quality that he calls contractility; this has different characteristics in different organs and should not be confused with the tensibility that the tissues possess independently of life." ."Bichat made serious attempts to ascertain the nature of these vital phenomena by experimenting with living organs under various conditions. Thus he tried to analyse especially muscular contractility and distinguishes several categories thereof." "Of sensibility he distinguishes two categories - namely »organic« which consists in the power of receiving an impression and »animal« which not only receives the impression but conveys it further to a common centre and is that a higher category of the previous one." "The contrasted ideas organic and animal frequently referred to above play an important part in Bichat's explanation of life. »Organic« are vegetable life and the unconscious life of animals; »animal« are the functions in animals that are controlled by the will of the invidual and are consequently the more developed the higher the life is. Even in modern times one sometimes differentiates between animal organs among which are included especially the nervous system and the motive organs and the vegetative among which are included the digestive circulatory respiratory and excretal organs." "At all events if only for the new system that he introduced into anatomical science Bichat must be counted as one of the greatest pioneers of that science that have ever lived." "Bichat's greatness then lies in his having so convincingly proved the quality of the tissues as fundamental constitutents of the body and its functions. He thereby placed the study of the phenomena of life on a definite basis." Even the terms »s e n s i b i l i t y« and the term »c o n t r a c t i l i t y« which were invented by him have been incorporated in modern terminology." Nordenskiöld Hist. of Biology p.344-351. Heirs of Hippocrates No.756; Garrison-Morton 403; Cushing B 371; Osler 1301; Waller 1027; Wellcome II p.164. unknown
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