Darwin

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DARWIN, CharlesBiblio.com

The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication. Second Edition Revised. Fourth Thousand. In Two Volumes. With Illustrations.

DARWIN, CharlesBiblio.com

The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication.

1868172871London: John Murray 1868. Survival of the fittest First edition first issue of the first of Darwin's works to use the famous evolutionary phrase preceding by a year its first appearance in Origin of Species fifth edition 1869. "Survival of the fittest" was coined by the philosopher and sociologist Herbert Spencer on reading Origin and remains the most succinct summary of Darwin's theory of natural selection. Variation under Domestication represents "the first two chapters of the projected 'big book' on the origin of species of which Origin was an abstract; this was the only section of the 'big book' published during Darwin's lifetime" Norman. It was "intended to provide overwhelming evidence for the ubiquity of variation although it would also incidentally answer Lyell and Gray who maintained that variations had not occurred purely by chance but were providentially directed. Darwin showed that breeders indeed selected from a vast array of minute random variations. He gave numerous instances of the causes of variability including the direct effect of the conditions of life reversion the effects of use and disuse saltation prepotency and correlated growth. Variation also addressed a key criticism of Origin: that it lacked an adequate understanding of inheritance" ODNB. As such Variation is a full statement of the facts on which the theories of Origin were based leaving aside an account of human evolution for Descent of Man 1871. This is the only Darwin title published by Murray to appear in the larger format of demy octavo. The first issue was published in a run of 1500 copies for which this copy has all the relevant points: five errata in Volume I nine errata on seven lines in Volume II and the spine imprint on one line. The second issue with substantial textual variations was published in a run of 1250 copies in February and is distinguished by a single erratum in Volume I no errata in Volume II and a two-line imprint on the spine. 2 vols demy octavo. With 43 woodcuts in text. Vol. I with 32 pp. of publisher's advertisements dated April 1867 vol. II with 2 pp. of advertisements dated February 1868. Original green cloth spines lettered and decorated in gilt covers panelled in blind dark green coated endpapers binder's ticket of Edmonds & Remnants to rear pastedown of vol. I. Bookplates and markings of the Ashmolean Natural History Society to front pastedowns and title pages. Spine ends and corners bumped spine panel of vol. II creased at centre cloth lightly cockled and with damp stain to rear cover rear inner hinge of vol. II split but holding gathering 2C of same starting cords occasionally visible contents clean: a very good copy. Freeman 877; Garrison-Morton 224.1; Norman 597. hardcover

Peter Harrington · Royaume-Uni3 500,00 £GB≈ 3 996,30 €

DARWIN, CharlesBiblio.com

The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication.

1868191093London: John Murray 1868. Darwin's earliest use of "survival of the fittest" First edition first issue of the first of Darwin's works to use the famous evolutionary phrase preceding its appearance in the fifth edition of the Origin of Species by a year. "Survival of the fittest" p. 6 was coined by the philosopher and sociologist Herbert Spencer. Variation provides a full statement of the facts on which the theories of Origin were based. This work was intended as the first section of Darwin's projected "big book" on evolution of which the Origin was an abstract. Its purpose was "to provide overwhelming evidence for the ubiquity of variation. Darwin gave numerous instances of the causes of variability including the direct effect of the conditions of life reversion the effects of use and disuse saltation prepotency and correlated growth. Variation also addressed a key criticism of Origin: that it lacked an adequate understanding of inheritance" ODNB. This is the only Darwin title published by Murray to appear in the larger format of demy octavo. This copy is from the first issue published in a run of 1500 and is distinguished by the presence of five errata in Volume I nine errata on seven lines in Volume II and the spine imprint on a single line. 2 vols demy octavo. With 43 woodcuts. Vol. I with 32 pp. of publisher's advertisements dated April 1867 Vol. II with 2 pp. of advertisements dated February 1868. Original green cloth spines lettered and ruled in gilt covers panelled in blind dark green coated endpapers binder's ticket of Edmonds & Remnants to rear pastedown of vol. I. Armorial bookplates of one John F. Sinclair. Cockling and faint marks to cloth spine ends and corners bumped and a little worn water soiling to lower inner corner of second volume rear cover and endpapers front inner hinge split but holding firm occasional short closed tears to outer margins: a very good copy. Freeman 877; Garrison-Morton 224.1; Norman 597. hardcover

Peter Harrington · Royaume-Uni2 500,00 £GB≈ 2 854,50 €

DARWIN, CHARLESBiblio.com

The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication

18682642London: John Murray 1868. FIRST EDITION. Original Cloth. Very Good. FIRST EDITION FIRST ISSUE IN ORIGINAL CLOTH of Darwin's sequel to the Origin of Species including his first use of the term "survival of the fittest". "The Variation was a full statement of the facts on which the theories of the Origin were based. "After the Origin's publication Darwin embarked on two broad lines of research: botanical experiments and studies of variation sexual selection and emotional expressions in humans and mammals. In 1860 he began recycling the early as yet unpublished chapters of 'Natural selection' and studying the osteology of domestic pigeons ducks and geese for a book on how breeders and horticulturists modify species. This was The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication 1868. Its two volumes were intended to provide overwhelming evidence for the ubiquity of variation although they would also incidentally answer Lyell and Gray who maintained that variations had not occurred purely by chance but were providentially directed. Darwin showed that breeders indeed selected from a vast array of minute random variations. He gave numerous instances of the causes of variability including the direct effect of the conditions of life reversion the effects of use and disuse saltation prepotency and correlated growth. "The Variation also addressed a key criticism of the Origin of Species: that it lacked an adequate understanding of inheritance. Darwin's 'provisional hypothesis of pangenesis' was constructed to explain how heritable traits were passed from parents to offspring. He supposed that each part of a parent organism throws off minute particles or 'gemmules' which circulate in the body and collect in the sexual organs to be transmitted in reproduction. Because gemmules are received from two parents the offspring develop to resemble them both more or less. 'The child strictly speaking does not grow into the man but includes germs which slowly and successively become developed and form the man' Darwin Variation. "The term 'survival of the fittest' borrowed at Wallace's insistence from Herbert Spencer's 1866 Principles of Biology first appeared in the Variation. It was a partial substitute for Darwin's more anthropomorphic 'natural selection' which many critics took to imply the existence of a 'selector'. Mistaking Darwin's metaphor they concluded that intelligence lay as much behind nature's selecting as behind a pigeon fancier's. Nevertheless Darwin defended his use of 'natural selection' while conceding that he had personified it too much" Dictionary of National Biography. First issue: with 1-line publisher's imprint on cloth at base of spines 5 lines of errata in vol. I and 7 in vol. II. Complete with 32 pages of ads dated April 1867 at rear of vol. I 2 pages of ads dated February 1868 at rear of vol. II as issued and 43 in-text wood engravings. London: John Murray 1868. Octavo original cloth. Two volumes. Handsome bookplate and small bookseller's Foyle's sticker on front pastedown of each volume and neat owner signature in pencil on flyleaves. A little foxing to flyleaf and title of volume 2 otherwise text generally clean. Cloth with only a little rubbing and a few mild spots of soiling. Volume 1 possibly recased spine cloth tight against text block. Spine gilt exceptionally bright. A handsome copy in original cloth of an essential Darwin text. John Murray unknown

The Manhattan Rare Book Company · États-Unis4 200,00 $US≈ 3 553,62 €

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