Nietzsche frédéric

1889 · 60004 — Leipzig C.G. Naumann 1889. 8vo. Bound with the original printed wrappers in a nice near contemporary brown half cloth with gilt lettering to spine. Lovely marbled end-papers. A bit of light soiling and brownspotting to wrappers which are otherwise very well preserved. A few leaves with some very light brownspotting and a couple of leaves with small closed tears to blank inner margin far from affecting text. Overall very nice. With the engraved book plate of Adolf Fischer to inside of front board. 8 144 pp. <br/><br/><em>First edition - with the scarce original wrappers - of the epitome of Nietzsche's final project -a re-valuation of all values "Eine Umwerthung aller Werthe" -his hugely interesting "declaration of war" preface p. 4: "Diese Schrift ist eine grosse Kriegserklärung" which was written during his last productive year just before his big breakdown in Turin. "Götzen-Dämmerung" "The Twilight of the Idols" arguably constitutes the culmination of the production of this giant of philosophy who turned mad after having finished it.Early in 1889 Nietzsche began to exhibit signs of serious mental illness; in Turin he finally broke down and was brought back to Basel by his friends. "The Twilight of the Idols" was released merely a few weeks after this collapse and Nietzsche never wrote again.Nietzsche had 1.000 copies of the work privately printed. The work is considered one of his most popular and it is here that we find some of the most frequently quoted passages from the works of Nietzsche e.g. "What does not kill me only makes me stronger" p.2.: "Was mich nicht umbringt macht mich stärker".The Twilight was meant as an introduction to or summary of Nietzshe's philosophy and as such it is one of his most interesting works. It is written almost as in a rage of fever - it took him no more than a week to write it - and he regarded it a world-changing magnum opus. As he states at the end of the preface: "Turin am 30. September 1888 am Tage da das erste Buch der Umwerthung aller Werthe zu ende kam." i.e. "Turin on September 30. 1888 on the day that the first book on the re-valuation of all value came to an end.". This highly polemical work makes clear reference to Wagner's opera "Götterdämmerung" and it presents us with a sharp critique of the most influential philosophers in history e.g. Kant and Plato and of Christianity in general but also the likes of Rousseau Hugo Renan Mill Darwin Dante etc. are attacked as the causes of cultural decadence in Europe. Giants like Caesar Napoleon Dostojevski Goethe and Thukydides are considered representatives of the opposite.The mental collapse of the author may not come as a surprise to anyone reading the work.Of the 1.000 copies 659 still remained unsold by October 1893.Twilight of the Idols: Schaberg: 56a </em> hardcover