Militaire

Fine Turkish Paperback. Demy 8vo. (21 x 14 cm). In Turkish. 296 p. 19. yüzyil baslarinda Avrupa dengesi ve Nizam-i Cedid ordusu. European diplomacy in the early 19th century and Turkish Nizam-i Cedid army. The Nizam-i Cedid Army refers to the new military establishment of the Nizam-i Cedid reform program. The Nizam-i Cedid army was largely a failure in its own time, but proved to be a much more effective infantry force than the Janissaries. After losing the Russo-Turkish War of 1787-92 in 1792 to Austria and Russia, Selim III concluded that Ottoman military was in serious need of reform if the empire was to survive. As a result, he began implementing a series of reforms aimed at reorganizing the military after the fashion of European militaries. This included the usage of European training tactics, weapons, and even officers. These reforms troubled the Janissaries, who were suspicious and unreceptive towards the reforms. To this end, Selim III created the Nizam-i Djedid in 1797 in order to develop a replacement for the Janissaries. By 1806 this new army stood 26,000 men strong, equipped with a French-style uniforms, European weapons, and a modern artillery corps. Due to their distinctly modern nature, the army was named Nizam-i-Cedid, which has the meaning, in Turkish, of 'New Order.'