Women's EmploymentBiblio.com
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1890164641890. Young Women's Christian Association. Employment Agency Branch. York: Young Women's Christian Association 1890s. This pamphlet In self wrappers details the policies for the Employment Agency Department issued by the Young Women's Christian Association. The World Young Women's Christian Association World YWCA is a movement working for the empowerment leadership and rights of women. Very good. unknown
1892164651892. The Y.W.C.A. Crescent. July 1892. Vol. 2 no. 4. Young Women's Christian Association 1892. Newsletter with the slogan "Our Aim is Progress" published by the Young Women's Christian Association. Covers are loose or separated from body of the newsletter. Very good. unknown
16320This document was created with the intent of finding employment and for women contracted on temporary terms to work in government-appointed positions during World War I. The Committee advised that women have options to become permanent members of the government workforce and be treated equally with male colleagues i.e. equal pay not having additional clerical duties etc. Ministry of Reconstruction. Women's Advisory Committee. Report of the Sub-Committee Appointed to Consider the Position after the War of Women Holding Temporary Appointments in Government Departments. Presented to Parliament by Command of His Majesty. London: Published by his Majesty's Stationery Office 1919.Modern blue card wrappers with paper label. 8 page folio. Very good condition. The sub-committee which wrote this was composed of six women and two men demonstrating the interest and respect for women's work and labor contributions during World War I. unknown books
16188Original vintage photograph of a large group of women seamstresses and tailors at their sewing machines in a factory setting. Sepia. Approximately 5" x 8" with back matting. Rows and rows of women sitting in front of sewing machines gaze into the camera. While single women faced barriers to employment wives and mothers confronted prejudice that put their jobs at risk after marriage and childbirth. As women took advantage of expanded access to jobs with the advent of factory lines a new push was made for job security and upward mobility. The women's employment movement first picked up traction in the industrial revolution as women fought to secure fair hours and wages for female factory workers; In the late 1870s and 80s women's organizations lobbied for safe conditions and job protection for married women and mothers; and through the 20th century expansion of skilled female labor including civil service publishing and medicine. Some of the most radical labor organizing in the West happened thanks to women in the textiles industry as women fought to secure prosperity and safety under new work conditions. A beautiful photograph of the spirited women young and old at the front lines of the changing workplace. Baxandall "America's Working Women" p. 94-96 158. Papachristou "Documents of the Women's Movement" p. 126-39. Hunt Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2004-2005. The Women's Library London School of Economics. Krichmar 2423 2610 2766 2839. unknown books
16567John Boyd Kinnear. The Right of Women to Labour. Being portions of an essay re-printed by permission form "Woman's Work and Woman's Culture." London: Printed by Frederick Bell & Co. Chelsea S.W. 1873. First edition. 14 pages. Original paper wrappers. 8 x 5 1/4 in. Kinnear a radical Scottish politician and lawyer advocates for the integration of women's labor wherever appropriate: "there are other things which women can do at least as well as men.Then why should women not do it" He brings up the need to defend women workers in the changing atmosphere as they were prevented from "forming effective trade unions to secure their rights" at the same time that increased industrialization was displacing them from factory labor jobs. Very good condition. unknown books
16566The Employment of Married Women in Manufacture. A Paper read at the Social Science Congress held at Norwich October 1873 by Whately Cooke Taylor Esq. London: Frederick Bell & Co. Steam Printers King's Rd. Chelsea 1874. First edition. 12 pages. Original paper wrappers. 8 x 5 1/4 in. "It is at first sign a very humane sentiment no doubt to assert that married women should be relieved from all hard work because of the duties which maternity casts upon them; but when as that the same time you relieve them of some fifteen shillings a-week without providing any substitute you must not be surprised if they themselves do not view your condescension in the same light." In this document many arguments are made against regulating married women factory workers as women working in agriculture and domestic roles did not face the same restrictions. Very good condition. unknown books
16574Women Employment Lucy Wilson. "Women and Legislation." Vigilance Association for the Defence of Personal Rights. June 20 1874. Original paper wrappers. 4 pages. First edition. 8 1/2 x 5 in. A Letter addressed to the Editors of the Leeds Mercury. "These measures all point to one conclusion that motherhood is a crime. The woman who is guilty of it unless.she is rich and independent shall not eat bread for six months thereafter or twelve as the House may determine." In this open letter Wilson decries legislation which would forbid new mothers from working yet fails to provide any public assistance for them to care for their families. "No Act has been passed decreeing that such women shall not suffer cold or hunger or to 'deem that they commit an offence' if they are hungry." Vigilance Association for the Defence of Personal Rights was a British organization dedicated to watching restraining and influencing legislation especially in matters affecting the interests of women and the personal rights and liberties of the people. Small losses along spine. Very good condition. unknown books
16565To the Right Honorable Richard Assheton Cross M.P. Secretary of Sate for the Home Department. 4 pages. 8 x 5 in. In this document women workers express fears regarding proposed labor regulations that would limit their ability to earn and would "restrict the paid labour of all women.or even make all married women half-timers." They claim it is unjust treatment that would harm women workers and pit their marriages at odds with their ability to work: "Your Memorialists assert that it is unjust to place restriction son the labour of unmarried women for the presumed protection of married women or mothers and further that any special restrictions upon the labour of married women is practically a penalty imposed on marriage as regards to the woman." Document that reveals the competing priorities for women factory workers between workplace safety and their earning power. Chipping with small losses along top and right edge. Repairs to two tears on page 2. Loss to top left corner. Good condition. unknown books
16260Broadside that calls for women's participation in a mass demonstration to protest cuts to the WPA Workers Progress Administration. 8.5 x 11 in. The WPA provided jobs for thousands of Americans as part of FDR's New Deal to revitalize the American economy after the Great Depression. Funds were cut in 1937 and this broadside documents one demonstration to protest cuts to this program. It specifically calls on women to not only think of their relationship to WPA but the greater societal impacts that cuts to these programs will have such as lowering overall wages as unemployment rises. Very fragile document with small tears and chips along top and right edge. Good condition. An interesting document that shows women's important role in social and political mobilization. unknown books
16262Higher Appointments Open to Women in the Civil Service." Issued by the Council of Women Civil Servants Higher Grades.P.S. King & Son Ltd. 1928. Paper wrappers 8 page 8 ½ x 5 ½ in. Pamphlet advertising upper-level positions open to women in the British Civil Service. Light thumb-soiling. Stamps on front and library sticker on back. Staple binding is rusty. Good condition. This public service document was created with the hopes of promoting more women to apply for higher appointments in the Civil Service by educating women on the application process and opportunities available in administrative executive and clerical roles. A fine piece of history that documents advancements in women's employment opportunities. unknown books
16564Mr. Mundella's Bill for Limiting the Hours of Labour in Factories. Observations of the Employers upon the Speech of Mr. Mundella M.P. made in the House of Commons U.K on Wednesday the 11th of June 1873. Manchester: John Heywood Excelsior Printing Works 1873. 32 pages. First edition. 8 1/4 x 5 in. Original paper wrappers. Includes three data tables in appendix regarding worker mortality rates. Liberal Party politician A.J. Mundella famous for his defense of safety bills and public education for all children speaks on unsafe working conditions and "shameful treatment" of laborers; he cites high mortality rates for women and child workers and includes mortality rate information on newborn infants who suffered neglect when their mothers were forced to return to work days after giving birth: "the return of the mother to the mill was a sentence of death on the child." In this document factory owners counter the speech given by Mundella cite statistics that claim quality of life is improving for these factory workers; while marginal gains had been made in recent decades factory labor was still very dangerous and politicians like Mundella ensured the health and safety for thousands of the least represented workers in England. Very good condition. unknown books
16568Bessie Rayner Parkes. The Market for Educated Female Labor. 1859. First Edition. 8 1/4 x 5 in. Unbound. 6 pages missing last 2 pages. No other copies in institutional or library collection in the US according to OCLC Worldcat. "The daughter may may marry but her husband may die.or be too poor to support her and her children; let her at least be trained beforehand to some possible way of getting her bread." Bessie Rayner Parkes one of the most prominent women's rights activist of her day writes that girls and young women must receive an education or a useful trade in the same way that boys do. "We lay it down as a primary social law conceded by all political economists that a father ought to provide for all his children or give them the means of providing for themselves." She emphasizes how common it is for middle-class women to join the workforce: "Probably every person present has a female relative or intimate friend whom trade-failure the exigencies of a numerous household or the early death of husband or father has compelled to this course; it is the experience of every family." An argument for the importance of skilled and educated women in the work force their place in the market and the challenges that they faced. Repairs to top right corner and right edge of page 1. Small repair to left edge page 6. Good condition. unknown books
15644Early Women's Liberation and the Automobile in the Age of Suffrage. Collection of 4 pieces tracing the new path to independence gained by women with the invention of the automobile. Coming of age at the same time as the suffrage movement was reaching full swing the new technology offered by the automobile allowed women not only a newfound sense of freedom but the ability to travel unimpeded to demonstrate mastery of a new technology and even opened careers in mobility. This collection's vintage pieces include rare printed material on women and the automobile a signed license letters and photos from women who drove right over gender barriers explore the new world opening to women in the 20th century. <br/><br/>Leading up to the 20th century automobiles became a symbol of women's increasing social mobility and financial independence. Car makers and dealers realized that a significant number of women wanted and were capable of purchasing their own cars; and so they developed vehicles and marketing campaigns specifically for the female population. This collection's early 1913 brochure "To the American Woman" represents this trend and it declares that "the automobile . is of the greatest use to the woman.because of the importance of her work a woman's need for saving time and effort is imperative." The car saved wives and mothers time as they executed familial duties. It also provided some single women with independent incomes. As young women purchased their own vehicles some used the technology to support themselves by becoming mechanics and chauffeurs. These women are represented in this collection by a 1923 "Motor Magazine" with coverage on women car owners a vintage photo of the first woman to motor from Africa to London and an original 1929 Professional Chauffeur's License for Vivian Pickard. Pioneering women like those in this collection overcame gender barriers by increasing their mobility taking advantage of opportunities for mechanical and technical education thus opening new possibilities for women in transportation technology. unknown books
16569Women Employment J. B. Remarks on the Obstacles to the More General Employment of Women and on the Means of Removing Them. London: Published at the Office fo the English Woman's Journal Company Limited 1860. First edition. 16 pages. Original paper wrappers. 8 1/4 x 5 1/4 in. A pamphlet supporting strategies for the expansion of women's employment opportunities. It outlines current obstacles to women's work such as hostility from male employees: "Women however cannot be employed in England in this manner because of the jealousy of their fellow workmen. If a master were to employ women in any part of the business the whole of his workmen would strike at once." The document also lists sad consequences of the current work climate: "Workhouses were found to be overcrowded with able-bodies females while charities were besieged with women praying to be provided either with employment or bread." Stain to upper left edge front. Toning to last page. Light pencil marks in margin. Very good condition. Only 2 copies held in library or institutions in the US according to OCLC Worldcat. unknown books
16457The Association of Assistant Mistresses in Public Secondary Schools. Memorandum and Articles of Association. London: Printed by Charles North The Blackheath Press S.E. 1897. This was a document published for the Association of Assistant Mistresses a trade union representing female teachers in British secondary schools. Ex-library copy with stamp and pencil writing on the first page. Very good. unknown books
16456Association of Head Mistresses. Memorandum Forwarded to the President of the Board of Education Jan. 5th 1907. This document In self wrappers a memorandum forwarded by the Association of Head Mistresses to the Board of Education. Notable as an early example of women working professionally in formal education roles. Ex-library copy with stamps on front page. Very good. unknown books
16205Employment. Photograph: Early 1900s. Sepia photo showing a line of ten women seated in front of filing cabinets busy at work organizing small documents. Photo is in good condition with small loss in upper right corner and green discoloration at lower right edge. 8 ¾ x 7 ¾ in. Good quality with overall fading to image with three faint fingerprints in ink. Photograph verso has stamp from Swedish photographer Erik Holmen along with graphite and blue pencil inscriptions in Swedish. While this photo was taken in the modern age with a phone and electrical lights prominently displayed many of women's job opportunities were gendered and limited to menial tasks. unknown books
1887174331887. Women's Employment MABEL Robert F. Our Working Women and Their Earnings. United States 1887. First Edition. 13 pages measuring approximately 6" x 10" inches. At the time that this description is being written no copies are recorded in American institutions. OCLC search results are at best an estimate and can vary over time. The article begins "We as a nation have made no effort to teach our redundant female population to support itself although our position as a mother of colonies leaves us with a steadily increasing proportion of women who through the emigration of their male relatives are forces to provide for themselves." and concludes that "a woman's technical training will have still done her a good service in quickening her intelligence and in thus making her a wiser mother to her children and a more sympathetic companion to her husband above all in banishing much care by ensuring to her a means of livelihood in case of need." A compassionate thoughtful appraisal of the state of women's labor and financial prospects in the United States backed up by employment and pay statistics from the end of the 19th century. Cleanly disbound. Chipped along top edge. Toning. Pages clean and uncreased. Overall in good condition. unknown
1928162621928. Women Employment "Higher Appointments Open to Women in the Civil Service." Issued by the Council of Women Civil Servants Higher Grades.P.S. King & Son Ltd. 1928. Paper wrappers 8 page 8 ½ x 5 ½ in. Pamphlet advertising upper-level positions open to women in the British Civil Service. Light thumb-soiling. Stamps on front and library sticker on back. Staple binding is rusty. Good condition. This public service document was created with the hopes of promoting more women to apply for higher appointments in the Civil Service by educating women on the application process and opportunities available in administrative executive and clerical roles. A fine piece of history that documents advancements in women's employment opportunities. unknown
1900200911900. Telephone operator photo archive circa 1900 to 1958 documents women's labor within telephone exchange systems showing how urban communications depended on trained female operators seated at switchboards connecting calls handling information and maintaining the human infrastructure behind early and mid twentieth century telephone service. The material documents telephone communication labor through photographs of switchboard rooms operators wearing headsets plug boards supervisory presence and grouped clerical activity revealing how connection work operated in practice before automated dialing fully displaced manual exchange work. The archive supports research into women's wage labor communications history gendered office work New York telephone service and the disciplined workplace culture that positioned young women as the public voice and operational center of the telephone network.<br /> The archive consists of six black-and-white photographs including five silver gelatin photographs and one early albumen photograph with images measuring from approximately 3.5 x 4.25 inches to 7 x 9 inches. The date range appears to extend from the early twentieth century to 1958 based on the later dated images. Several photographs show women seated in tight rows facing large switchboards wearing heavy headsets with horn mouthpieces and working among dense arrangements of cords and plugs. The early albumen photograph shows a row of women facing the switchboards while a female supervisor watches over the room indicating both the gendered hierarchy and procedural discipline of the exchange floor. One image shows an operator turning toward the camera with a plug in hand smiling while gesturing toward the board. Four smaller photographs dated 1958 show teams of women moving between boards and a small group with paperwork behind the operating area; pencil inscriptions on the versos identify the location as New York.<br /> The photographs are valuable because they make visible the labor system behind telephone service: rows of operators standardized equipment supervisors paperwork and the coordinated manual routing of calls. They also record the gendered character of communications work in which women's voices posture speed and manner were made part of the service itself. Light handling wear minor edge wear and expected age toning; images remain crisp with equipment and personnel details clearly visible; overall very good. Strong women's labor and communications history archive documenting the human operation of telephone exchange systems across the first half of the twentieth century and into the postwar period. unknown
1709419th c. Women Education Handwritten letter between female friends at different women seminaries. Jan. 19 1855. "Emily" a teacher at Neversink Seminary in Port Jervis NY writes to a friend Anna Atwood in Elmira NY about starting a Literary Society and raising funds for it. 4 pages folded on a single sheet with 1 page of cross-writing. With original Mailing envelope. Atwood was working at Elmira Collegiate Seminary chartered 1853 just as it was being renamed Elmira College later in 1955; it is the oldest college still in existence which as a women's college granted degrees to women that were the equivalent of those given to men. Regarding the changes at Elmira Collegiate Seminary:"I have been thinking that perhaps I should not be able to recognize your Seminary now for I remember your writing to me some time ago of some improvements that had been made. I presume a change would be less apparent in the persons that occupy it; there are some however whom I think I would recognize as friends." <br/><br/>Emily also gives updates on her school Neversink Seminary: "We have just commenced another term of school. Our last closed on the 11th of Jan. We had only a week vacation; just time enough to see the folk at home without making any visits.I must tell you something about our school last term. You will remember it marked an important era in my life. I like teaching very well though I think I have found more pleasure in studying.  I like it so long as I can keep my class interested. Sometime I can easily do this at other times I find it more difficult then it is that I get discouraged and think that it would be easier for me to learn a lesson and recite it myself than to see that a half dozen mischievous girls get theirs. I have a class of little boys in the Infant Department just learning to read. I enjoy teaching them very much for I can easily keep their attention beside it is encouraging to me to watch their improvement. We had last term fifteen family scholars. I think one will seldom find so pleasant a company of girls as were gathered here." She also writes about creating a literary society for her students: "Miss Jennings who is ever planning something for the benefit of the pupils suggested last term that we should form a "Literary Association" whose object should be the improvement of its members in the arts of Reading Writing Criticism and Conversation.".She generally appoints for each evening one young lady to write an essay another a tale another a criticism and another to prepare a review of some book. She also appoints one to recite a piece of poetry and another to read an extract from some book. Two are also appointed to open the discussion of some question; after the discussion has been opened any member has a right to present her arguments. It is in the discussion that the conversational powers are cultivated. The members are called upon for their criticisms upon the compositions as they are read.The meetings have thus far been very pleasant and I think very profitable. At the close of the term the Society gave a public entertainment. An admission was charged that funds might be raised for the purpose of furnishing a reading room with papers periodicals etc. for the benefit of the members of the Society. Beside the money taken in at the door several donations were made to the Society." She adds a few lines on the subjects which she is teaching: "I am going now to commence a course of Historical Reading. I commenced French last term but one teacher who was a German and who also taught music took French.and since then I have not taken it up again though we have a very good teacher." Original crease lines from mailing folds tender. In very good condition. An excellent piece of of history regarding women's education in the United States. unknown books
16576Woman Employment Vigilance Association for the Defence of Personal Rights. "Legislative Restrictions on Women's Labour." Extract Reprinted by kind permission from the "Manchester Examiner and Times" of Saturday June 20th 1874. First edition Extract. 4 pages. Original paper wrappers. 8 1/2 x 5 in. "Who in thousands of cases where there is no helper will assure them and their children bread" This report criticizes a proposed labor bill that would ban women from working in factories for a period of 6 months after having a child. They find fault in the over-regulation of poor women as opposed to women from wealthy families and the fact that there is no social support for married women who cannot work: ".many married women deserted or uncared for by their husbands.no marriage law secures to the wife a share in the earnings of the father of her children." They compel women to raise their voices against this proposed regulation. The Vigilance Association for the Defence of Personal Rights was a British organization dedicated to watching restraining and influencing legislation especially in matters affecting the interests of women and the personal rights and liberties of the people. No institutions or libraries in the US hold a copy of this book according to OCLC Worldcat. . unknown books
16577Jessie Boucherett. Legislative Restrictions on Women's Labour. Vigilance Association for the Defence of Personal Rights. Reprinted by kind permission from the "Englishwoman Review." London: Frederick Bell & Co. 1873. First edition. 12 pages. Original paper wrappers. 8 x 5 in. "Another objection is that the Bill confirms the principle that women are not capable of deciding for themselves." This report criticizes regulations proposed to limit the hours that new mothers may work in factories. "It has caused some surprise that Bills framed for so benevolent a purpose should have met with opposition from an unexpected quarter." A major issues Boucherett raises is the fact that there is no social support for married women who cannot work; she reasons that the decrease in hours would leading to "much suffering and some crime" as "it would always be difficult and sometimes impossible for a woman to provide sufficient food for herself and four or five little children." Toning to front cover. Few chips losses along right edge. In good condition. unknown books
1657119 cent Women Employment The Twenty-First Annual Report of the Society for Promoting the Employment of Women April 1880. London: Printed by John Bale & Sons 1880. First edition. 8 x 5 in. Original paper wrappers. 30 pages. No other copies in institutional or library collections according to OCLC Worldcat. "The Society is formed for promoting the Training of Women and their employment in industrial pursuits." Includes reports on training needed to participate in different sectors of the workforce including wood carving hospital nursing and hairdressing among others. The Society for Promoting the Employment of Women was established in 1859 by women's rights leaders Jessie Boucherett Barbara Bodichon and Adelaide Anne Proctor to promote the training and employment of women. Light pencil marks in margins. Very good condition. No other copies in institutional or library collections according to OCLC Worldcat. unknown books
4389524-nnew. unknown
