Sciences naturelles

5 861 résultats

Trier parPrix décroissant

Pertinence Auteur A - Z Auteur Z - A Titre A - Z Titre Z - A Prix croissant Prix décroissant Libraire A - Z Libraire Z - A

Par page25

25 50 100

Filtres

Institute of Modern History, Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBiblio.com

L'ACADEMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES, PARIS - THE ROYAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, PARISBiblio.com

Descriptions des Arts et Métiers faites ou approuvées. Par Messieurs de L'Academie Royale des Sciences de Paris avec Figures en Taille-douce. Nouvelle edition. Publiée avec des Observations & augmentée de tout ce qui a été écrit de mieux sur ces ma.

177156289Neuchatel L'Imprimerie de la Société Typographique 1771-83. 4to. Bound in 19 contemp. uniform full mottled calf. Raised bands. Gilt spines. Title-and tomelabels with gilt lettering. Spine-ends on nearly all volumes strenghtened. Stamp on title-pages. Each volume around 650 pp. With 508 fine engraved plates. Second edition and the first 4to-edition was published in 19 volumes plus an additional volume by Jean Elie Bertrand where vol. 20 is an additional volume published much later 1799 - not present here - dealing with the art of printing. This importent collection of books on crafts was published by between 1761 and 1788. The full series comprises 113 parts cahiers in 27 folio volumes along with three supplements and "provide detailed accounts of a wide range of handcraft and manufacturing processes carried out in France at that time. The volumes are well-illustrated with precise engravings by Jean Elie Bertrand 1737-1779 a noted typographer from Neuchâtel where the printing was done. Many of them provide the background for shorter articles in Diderot's Encyclopedia which was appearing at much the same time. The project had its origin in request from Colbert in 1675 to the Academy Royal des Sciences for detailed accounts of various mechanic arts to be prepared and for new machines to be reported upon. This led to the formation of the Bignon Commission under Abbé Bignon. René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur 1683-1757 became editor soon after he joined the Academy. He inherited number of drawings the earliest prepared in 1693 and an illustrated manuscript on printing type and book binding which had been prepared in 1704. It was left to Réaumur's successor Duhamel du Monceau to bring about the publication of the series probably as the result of the competition from the Encyclopedia." Wikipedia.Brunet II618 ff. - Graesse II 367. hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark55 000,00 DKK≈ 7 386,50 €

ACADEMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES [AUZOUT, FRENICLE, HUYGENS, MARIOTTE, PICARD, ROBERVAL, ROMER]Biblio.com

Divers ouvrages de mathématique et de physique

16934565Paris: L'Imprimerie Royale 1693. First edition. First edition a fine copy in its Royal presentation binding of this remarkable union of major texts on mathematics and physics by the leading scientists of seventeenth-century France. Especially important are nine treatises by Roberval comprising the principal corpus of his published works. They include his independent discovery of the geometry of indivisibles his foundation work on kinematic geometry and his treatise on the composition of movements. . Hardcover. A ROYAL PRESENTATION BINDING. First edition of this superb collection of thirty-one treatises by the leading scientists of seventeenth-century France almost all of which are published here for the first time. This is one of the earliest important publications of the Académie des Sciences and one of the most magnificent and the present copy was probably intended for presentation: it is bound in contemporary calf with the arms of Louis XIV on each cover. Founded on 22 December 1666 one of the principal functions of the Académie was to facilitate publication of the works of its members. Frenicle and Roberval were founding members as was Huygens and without the assistance of the Académie it is likely that many of their works would have remained unpublished only two works by Frenicle and two by Roberval were published in their lifetimes. After the death of Frenicle and Roberval in 1675 their books and manuscripts were entrusted to the astronomer Jean Picard; eight treatises by Huygens were also sent to Picard for publication in this collection. After Picard's death in 1682 publication of the works was brought to fruition by Philippe de la Hire. La Hire also included in the Divers ouvrages five treatises by Picard himself including an unusual 37-page work on dioptrics one by Mariotte and two each by Auzout and Rømer. The most important work in the volume is probably Roberval's Traité des indivisibles composed around the same time as Cavalieri's Geometria indivisibilibus 1635 but independent of it and published here for the first time. The treatises by Frenicle a close correspondent of Fermat treat topics in number theory and related fields. See below for a full list of contents. Gilles Personne de Roberval 1602-75 arrived in Paris in 1628 and put himself in contact with the Mersenne circle. "Mersenne especially always held Roberval in the highest esteem. In 1632 Roberval became professor of philosophy at the Collège de Maître Gervais. On 24 June 1634 he was proclaimed the winner in the triennial competition for the Ramus chair a position that he kept for the rest of his life at the Collège Royal in Paris where at the end of 1655 he also succeeded to Gassendi's chair of mathematics. In 1666 Roberval was one of the charter members of the Académie des Sciences in Paris . He himself published only two works: Traité de méchanique 1636 and Aristarchi Samii de mundi systemate 1644. A rather full collection of his treatises and letters was published in the Divers ouvrages de mathématique et de physique par messieurs de I'Académie royale des sciences 1693 but since few of his other writings were published in the following period Roberval was for long eclipsed by Fermat Pascal and above all by Descartes his irreconcilable adversary. "Roberval was one of the leading proponents of the geometry of infinitesimals which he claimed to have taken directly from Archimedes without having known the work of Cavalieri. Moreover in supposing that the constituent elements of a figure possess the same dimensions as the figure itself Roberval came closer to the integral calculus than did Cavalieri although Roberval's reasoning in this matter was not free from imprecision. The numerous results that he obtained in this area are collected in the Divers ouvrages under the title of Traité des indivisibles. One of the first important findings was in modern terms the definite integration of the rational power which he most probably completed around 1636 although by what manner we are not certain. The other important result was the integration of the sine . the most famous of his works in this domain concerns the cycloid. Roberval introduced the "compagne" "partner" of the original cycloidal curve and appears to have succeeded before the end of 1636 in the quadrature of the latter and in the cubature of the solid that it generates in turning around its base . "On account of his method of the "composition of Movements" Roberval may be called the founder of kinematic geometry. This procedure had three applications-the fundamental and most famous being the construction of tangents. "By means of the specific properties of the curved line" he stated "examine the various movements made by the point which describes it at the location where you wish to draw the tangent: from all these movements compose a single one; draw the line of direction of the composed movement and you will have the tangent of the curved line." Roberval conceived this remarkably intuitive method during his earliest research on the cycloid before 1636. At first he kept the invention secret but he finally taught it between 1639 and 1644; his disciple François du Verdus recorded his lessons in Observations sur la composition des mouvemens et sur le moyen de trouver les touchantes des lignes courbes . In the second place he also applied this procedure to comparison of the lengths of curves a subject almost untouched since antiquity . The third application consisted in determining extrema . "Roberval composed a treatise on algebra De recognitione aequationum and another on analytic geometry De geometrica planarum et cubicarum aequationum resolutione. Before 1632 he had studied the "logistica speciosa" of Viète; but the first treatise which probably preceded Descartes's Géométrie contains only the rudiments of the theory of equations. On the other hand in 1636 he had already resorted to algebra in search of a tangent. By revealing the details of such works he would have assured himself a more prominent place in the history of analytic geometry and even in that of differential calculus . "In 1647 Roberval wrote to Torricelli: "We have constructed a mechanics which is new from its foundations to its roof having rejected save for a small number the ancient stones with which it had been built" p. 301 . around 1669 Roberval wrote Projet d'un livre de mechanique traitant des mouvemens composez . Roberval dreamed certainly with too great temerity of a vast physical theory based uniquely on the composition of motions" DSB. Bernard Frenicle de Bessy 1605-75 was an accomplished amateur mathematician who corresponded with Descartes Huygens Mersenne and perhaps most importantly Fermat. "Frenicle de Bessy is best known for his contributions to number theory. In fact Fermat in a letter to Roberval writes: 'For some time M Frenicle has given me the desire to discover the mysteries of numbers an area in which he is highly versed' . He solved many of the problems posed by Fermat but he did more than find numerical solutions for he also put forward new ideas and posed further questions" Mactutor. In "Méthode pour trouver la solution des problèmes par les exclusions Frenicle says that in his opinion arithmetic has as its object the finding of solutions in integers of indeterminate problems. He applied his method of exclusion to problems concerning rational right triangles e.g. he discussed right triangles the difference or sum of whose legs is given . The most important of these works by Frenicle is the treatise Des quarrez ou tables magiques. These squares which are of Chinese origin and to which the Arabs were so partial reached the Occident not later than the fifteenth century. Frenicle pointed out that the number of magic squares increased enormously with the order by writing down 880 magic squares of the fourth order and gave a process for writing down magic squares of even order" DSB. In 1666 Jean Picard 1620-82 "was named a founding member of the Académie Royale des Sciences and even before its opening participated in several astronomical observations. In collaboration with Adrien Auzout he perfected the movable-wire micrometer and utilized it to measure the diameters of the sun the moon and the planets. During the summer of 1667 he applied the astronomical telescope to the instruments used in making angular measurements-quadrants and sectors-and was aware that this innovation greatly expanded the possibilities of astronomical observation. The making of meridian observations by the method of corresponding heights which he suggested in 1669 was not put into practice until after his death. Yet when the Academy decided to remeasure an arc of meridian in order to obtain a more accurate figure for the earth's radius Picard was placed in charge of the operation . it was primarily through the use of instruments fitted with telescopes quadrants and sectors for angular measurements that Picard attained a precision thirty to forty times greater than that achieved previously . This increased precision made possible a great advance in the determination of geographical coordinates and in cartography and enabled Newton in 1684 to arrive at a striking confirmation of the accuracy of his principle of gravitation . "In 1673 Picard moved into the Paris observatory and collaborated with Cassini Romer and later Philippe de La Hire on the institution's regular program of observations. He also joined many missions away from the observatory. The first of these enabled him to provide more precise data on the coordinates of various French cities 1672-1674; others conducted from 1679 to 1681 with La Hire had the purpose of establishing the bases of the principal triangulation of a new map of France. The results of these geodesic observations were published in 1693 by La Hire pp. 368-370 of the present work" DSB. "In 1692 William Molyneux who was familiar with Isaac Barrow's Lectiones XVIII published his Dioptrica nova which was a practical treatise on lenses and telescopes. He independently arrived at Huygens's rule for images in thin lenses though in a slightly different form and stated less generally. In the following year Jean Picard's posthumous writings on dioptrics pp. 375-412 also contained a similar rule for thin lenses as well as a series of equations for thick lenses. Picard had read and admired the Lectiones XVIII shortly after it had appeared" Feingold Before Newton: The Life and Times of Isaac Barrow 1990 p. 151. Adrien Auzout 1622-91 made a significant contribution to the final development of the micrometer and to the replacement of open sights by telescopic sights . By the summer of 1666 Auzout and Picard were making systematic observations with fully developed micrometers. In a letter sent on 28 December 1666 to Henry Oldenburg the first secretary of the Royal Society of London Auzout explained how his new micrometer with two parallel wires either of silk of silver one of which could be moved by a screw could be used to calculate the diameters of the planets and the parallax of the moon. His treatise Du micrometre pp. 413-422 appears to be the first published account of Auzout's work. Of the eight works by Christiaan Huygens 1629-95 in the present volume all appear here for the first time except for his treatise on gravity De la cause de la pesanteur which was first published three years earlier as an appendix to the Traitéde la lumière. Most of these works were reprinted at The Hague in 1731 in quarto format in three separate volumes. CONTENTS FRENICLE: Méthode pour trouver la solution des Problèmes par les exclusions 1-44; Abregé des Combinaisons 45-64; Des Quarrez magiques 423-483; Table générale des Quarrez magiques de quatre de coste 484-507 ROBERVAL: Observations sur la composition des mouvements & sur le moyen de trouver les touchantes des lignes courbes 69-111; Projet d'un livre de Méchanique traitant des mouvements composez 112-113; De Recognitione aequationum 114-135; De Geometrica planarum & cubicarum equationum resolutio 136-189 Traité des Indivisbles 190-245; De Trochoide ejusque spatio 246-278; Epistola Aegedii Personerii de Roberval ad R. P. Mersennum 278-282; Epistola Evangelista Torricellii ad Robervallium 283-284; Epistola Aegedii Personerii de Roberval ad Evangelistam Torricellium 284-302 HUYGENS: De la cause de la pesanteur 305-312; Démonstration de l'equilibre de la balance 313-316; De potentiis fila funesque trahentibus 317-319; Nouvelle force mouvante par le moyen de la poudre a canon & de l'air 320-321; Constructio loci ad Hyperbolam per Asymptotos 322-325; Demonstratio regula de maximis et minimis 326-330; Regula ad inveniendas Tangentes curvarum 330-335; Construction d'un problème d'Optique 336 PICARD: De la pratique des grands Cadrans par le calcul 341-365; De mensuris 366-368; Mésures prises sur les originaux & comparés avec le pied du Chastelet de Paris 368-370; De mensura liquidorum & aridorum 370-374; Fragments de Dioptrique 375-412 AUZOUT: Du micromètre 413-422 MARIOTTE: Règles pour les jets d'eau & de la depense qui se fait par différens ajustages selon les diverses élévations des reservoirs 508-516 RØMER: De crassitie & viribus tuborum in aqua-ductibus secundum diversae fontium altitudines diversaequae tuborum diametros 516-517; Experimenta circa altitudines & amplitudeines projectionis corporum gravium institute cum argento vivo 517-518. Folio 365 x 240 mm pp. viii last leaf blank 518 2 colophon with numerous woodcut diagrams and illustrations in text. Contemporary mottled calf with the arms of Louis XIV in the centre of each cover Olivier 2494 fer 10 and with his monogram in each spine compartment hinges with some wear and top capital chipped an entirely unrestored copy in its original state. / Hardcover. L'Imprimerie Royale unknown

SOPHIA RARE BOOKS · Danemark8 000,00 $US≈ 6 768,80 €

L'ACADEMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES, PARIS - ACADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN ZU PARISBiblio.com

Schauplatz der Künste und Handwerke oder vollständig Beschreibung derselben verfertiget oder gebilliget von denen Herren der Academie der Wissenschaften zu Paris. Mit vielen Kupfertafeln. In das Teutsche übersetzt und mit Anmerkungen versehen von Jo.

176256316Königsberg und Leipzig Kanter Berlin Stettin Leipzig Rüdigern 1762-75. 4to. Bound in 13 uniform contemp. full calf. Raised bands. Richly gilt spines. Titlelabels with gilt lettering. On all boards the gilt monogram on red background of King Christian VII. A stamp on title-pages. Around 6000 pp. 4 folded tables and 366 folded engraved plates 1 plate in xerox-copy. Occassionally a few minor brownspots but fine and clean. First German edition of this importent collection of books on crafts which is a translation of "Descriptions des Arts et Métiers." published in French between 1761 and 1788. The full French series comprises 113 parts cahiers in 27 folio volumes along with three supplements and "provide detailed accounts of a wide range of handcraft and manufacturing processes carried out in France at that time. The volumes are well-illustrated with precise engravings by Jean Elie Bertrand 1737-1779 a noted typographer from Neuchâtel where the printing was done. Many of them provide the background for shorter articles in Diderot's Encyclopedia which was appearing at much the same time. The project had its origin in request from Colbert in 1675 to the Academy Royal des Sciences for detailed accounts of various mechanic arts to be prepared and for new machines to be reported upon. This led to the formation of the Bignon Commission under Abbé Bignon. René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur 1683-1757 became editor soon after he joined the Academy. He inherited number of drawings the earliest prepared in 1693 and an illustrated manuscript on printing type and book binding which had been prepared in 1704. It was left to Réaumur's successor Duhamel du Monceau to bring about the publication of the series probably as the result of the competition from the Encyclopedia." Wikipedia.Brunet II618 ff. only French editions - Graesse II 367 only the French editions. - Fromm 7040. hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark35 000,00 DKK≈ 4 700,50 €

AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN ZU PARIS (ACADEMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES).Biblio.com

Schauplatz der Künste und Handwerke oder vollständige Beschreibung derselben verfertiget oder gebilliget von denen Herren der Academie der Wissenschaften zu Paris. In das Teutsche übersetzt und mit Anmerkungen versehen von Johann Heinrich Gottlob vo.

176226629Berlin Stettin und Leipzig Johann Heinrich Rüdigern 1762-75. 4to. Bound in 13 fine uniform full calf raised bands gilt backs. Remains of paperlabels on backs. Top of spine on one volume frayed. Small rubber stamp on titles. A few brownspots. A good copy. Having in all 374 of 585 fine engraved plates 1 plate supplied in xerox-copy. Plates measure around 37x24cm. First German edition of one of the main works of the 18th century in the fields of crafts and technology as it is a translation of the famous series "Description des Arts et Metiers" issued by Academie Royale des Sciences 1760-75. The French edition was published in folio. Band 1: Kohlenbrennen Lichtziehen Ankerschmieden Nadler Papiermacher. 31 plates and 1 table;Band 2: Eisenhämmer. Teil 1-2 Wachsziehen Pergamentmachen Leder-Vergoldung Schieferbrüche. 22 plates; Band 3: Eisenhämmer. Teil 3-4 Spielkartenherstellung Seidenfärberei Pappenmacher. 29 plates 1 plate supplied in xerox-copy; Band 4: Böttcherkunst Weißgerber Ziegelstreichen Zuckersieden Silber affinieren. 30 plates; Band 5: Messingherstellung Tuchmacherkunst Lohgerberei. 33 plates. Band 6: Tuchfrisierkunst Saffianleder-Herstellung Leder auf ungarische Art Weißgerber Hutmacher Dachdecker. 19 plates; Band Band 7: Tapetenweberei Kalkbrennerkunst Ziegelstreichen in Holland Ziegelhütten Ball- und Raquettenmacher. 30 plates and 1 table; Band 8: Perückenmacherkunst Müller Nudelmacher und Bäcker. 15 plates; Band 9: Schuster Schlösserkunst. 48 plates; Band 10: Steinkohlenbergbau Indigobereiter. 22 plates; Band 11: Eisenbergwerke und Hüttenwerke in der Steiermark Leimsiederei Fischerei Teil 1. 25 plates and 1 table; Band 12: Fischerei Teil 2. 50 plates; Band 13: Fischerei Teil 3 Porzellanherstellung. 23 plates and 1 engr. frontisp.; Band 14: Glasmalerei und Glasarbeiten. Mit 13 von 14 Tafeln; Band 15: Wollenzeugfabrikant. 17 plates; Band 16: Seifensider Leinwandhandel Schneiderhandwerk Leinenmanufaktur Tabaksmanufaktur. 27 plates; Band 17: Bleiarbeiter mathematische und astronomische Instrumente Baumwoll-Samtfabrikation. 38 plates; Band 18: Stickerkunst Siebmacher Riemer und Sattler mit Kutschenbau Drahtzieherei Stahlblattmacher. 51 plates Band 19: Schiffbaukunst. 18 plates and 1 engr. frontisp.;Band 20: Zinngießerkunst. 32 plates; Band 21: der Strumpfwirkerstuhl und sein Gebrauch. 14 plates. hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark30 000,00 DKK≈ 4 029,00 €

PERRAULT, Claude (1613-1688) -- HISTORY OF ACADEMIE ROYALE DES SCIENCES (Royal Academy of Sciences)Biblio.com

Memoires de l'Academie Royale des Sciences: Memoires pour servir a l'histoire naturelle des Animaux

1734D4425Paris: Par La Compagnie des Libraires 1734. Hardcover. Very Good. Three volumes comprising Vol. III parts I to III of Memoires de lAcadémie Royale des Sciences depuis 1666 jusquà 1699. Paris: Par La Compagnie des Libraires 1733-1734. Part I: 231pp.; Part II: 294pp.; Part III: 215pp. 97 engraved folding plates depicting animals and skeletal diagrams. Engraved portrait frontispiece of Claude Perrault in first volume. Contemporary French calf spines gilt edges red; some occasional browning; repairs to joints some rubbing. Unidentified armorial bookplate to front pastedown beneath monogrammed bookplate D.P. with chipmunk and two mice. A later reduced format edition of Perraults Memoires of 1671-1676 Perraults study of this nature was first published in 1669 with the results of investigations of five animals and later expanded with studies of over forty animals. Prior to 1670 most descriptions of animals paid little attention to their internal structure and there were very few images in natural history encyclopedias that depicted skeletons or muscles. That changed with the establishment of the Académie des Sciences in Paris in 1666 by Jean-Baptiste Colbert with the approval of King Louis XIV. The Academy functioned with neither statutes nor regulations until 1699. At that time the Academy used the term mathématique to encompass the fields that are now called astronomy mathematics and physics and the term physique to encompass the fields that are now called anatomy botany zoology and chemistry. In January 1699 Louis reorganized the Academy giving it first regulations. The effect was to give the King more control over their activities in exchange for becoming an official institution under his protection with the new name Académie Royale des Sciences. One of the original academicians the physician Claude Perrault organized regular sessions at which participants could dissect deceased animals from Louis XIVs royal menagerie and record all they observed. Lions chameleons bears gazelles wolves ostriches crocodiles monkeys eagles tigers porcupines and salamanders among some were all laid open by the academics scalpels. These superb folding plates record in great detail the pioneering work at the Academy. These three volumes in three parts focus on the transformative and foundational years of the French Royal Academy of Sciences and Claude Perraults efforts which had made comparative anatomy a vital tool for the classifying naturalist. Par La Compagnie des Libraires hardcover

Sanctuary Books · États-Unis4 500,00 $US≈ 3 807,45 €

ROYAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCESBiblio.com

Histoire de l’Acadmie Royale des Sciences

174014160Paris: de L’Imprimerie Royale 1740. Complete with errata’s and original blank leaves two of three finely engraved frontispieces chapter vignettes ornamental head and tail pieces and 82 folding plates. Full mottled calf rebacked the corners a bit worn. Interior is lightly toned with some browning on the preliminaries and last leaves. Generally this is an excellent set. First editions of these three volumes from a series published by the Academy of Sciences. It is a summary of the activities and inventions that have been made and contains the most important discoveries of the time. These periodicals which were at the forefront of scientific development during the Enlightenment contain works produced by an elite class of French scientist for the years 1722 1731 and 1740. Each volume provided an overview of advancements in math and science for each year and the writings therein shaped the world’s understanding of physics mathematics astronomy anatomy and other fields of science. They further provide invaluable historical data such as meteorological and astrological records for each year. The memoirs for 1722 include data recorded on both a lunar and solar eclipse as well as other astronomical observations by Jacques Cassini 1677-1756 best know for completing his fathers work on determining the meridian of Paris. The distinguished astronomer provided further research on lunar eclipses in the memoirs of 1731 where he is in great company alongside distinguished mathematicians Alexis-Claude Clairaut 1713-1765 Pierre Bouguer 1698-1758 known for his work in physics photometry and hydrography and the foremost proponent of the Newtonian movement in France Pierre de Maupertuis 1698-1759. Of special note in the 1731 memoirs is Maupertuis’s ballistic arithmetic which was used to try to better understand the movement of the earth and its gravity. Too an article by Clairaut on new formulas for finding the center of gravity. These articles contributed greatly to a better understanding of the earth’s shape and the mechanics of its rotation particularly Bouguer’s essay on the tendency of objects set in motion to move in a curvilinear fashion. The 1740 edition contains Cassini De Thury’s De la Maridienne de Paris. which was an important step in the process of mapping the shape of the earth. Cassini 1714-1784 representing the third generation of the distinguished family of astronomers was the first to question Picard’s measurements which had been used to map the Maridian of Paris. Clairaut’s essay on integral calculus in the same volume which established the existence of an integrating factor for linear differential equations was an important step in the history of mathematics and Mairan’s treatise on reflection and refraction of light and the human eye was essential to the advancement of optics. Mairan 1678-1771 would set the foundation for optical theory with this treatise. de L’Imprimerie Royale unknown

Rootenberg Rare Books & Manuscripts · États-Unis4 500,00 $US≈ 3 807,45 €

Russian Imperial Academy of SciencesBiblio.com

BYLAWS OF THE TYPE FOUNDRY OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Postanovleniia Tipografii i Slovolitni Imperatorskoi Akademii nauk s prisovokupleniem form sÑhetovodstva i otchetnosti. Utv. 1 avg. 1841 gd. Decrees of the Printing Office and Type Foundry of the Imperial Academy of Sciences: supplemented with the forms for accounting and recordkeeping. Approved on August 1 1841

55313St. Petersburg: Akademiia nauk 1841. Octavo 23.2 × 14.5 cm. Contemporary half calf over marbled boards; VII 3 III 1 94 2 IV 79 5 III 1 22 pp. including numerous folding leaves containing charts and tables pagination of copies in Russian libraries usually given as 224 pp. which corresponds to our copy. Pictorial bookplate with illegible pencil name to front pastedown last part of the name: Rostovtsev; traces of old paper cover to corners of pastedowns and flyleaves; old Soviet bookstore stamp to rear pastedown; spine somewhat worn and discolored with fraying to lower spine; internally about very good save the occasional foxing. The introductory excerpt taken from an official protocol suggests that this volume of bylaws was issued in response to significantly changes at the printing shop of the Imperial Academy of Sciences which was originally founded in 1729. An increasingly complex infrastructure faster presses and greater demand required careful training of new employees and greater standardization of processes. By 1841 the Academy was able to print books and periodicals in 120 languages while also issuing various internal bulletins and publications. The year 1841 also saw the transformation of the Russian Academy into the Imperial Academy of Sciences further necessitating greater codification. The first section contains the printing shop's statutes describing its tasks main tools and methods duties of employees rules for keeping accounts dispensing materials security measures the processing of printing orders and proper storage of type among many others. Supplements include charts with information such as a personnel directory ranks and dresscode for workers as well as detailed prices for typesetting and printing orders. This is followed by a separate section of bylaws for the Foundry itself followed by charts containing information such as the required number of type characters for Russian French and German sorted by letter number and weight. Further included are various blank forms for use in keeping accounts personnel records tracking orders and creating reports. A fine-grained glimpse into the workings of an important Russian publisher and foundry in the first half of the nineteenth century as well as a window into bureaucratic and administrative habits at the time. Among the works published by the printing house of the Academy were such milestones in Russian scholarship as Mikhail Lomonosov's "Rossiiskaia grammatika" 1755 Aleksandr Sumarokov's "Trudoliubivaia pchela" the "Sankt-Peterburgskie vedomosti" and various dictionaries and scientific journals. Specimens of available typefaces were published several times in the second half of the nineteenth century such as in 1765 1870 and 1874. Adariukov also lists a specimen issued in 1841 consisting of 43 pp. He refers to all typography-related publications by the Academy as being of the greatest rarity. No copies traced at past auctions either in the West or in Russia. As of September 2025 no copies located via KVK OCLC. unknown

Penka Rare Books and Archives · Allemagne2 000,00 €

Sciences naturelles

Filtres actifs

Siècle

Langage

Ajouté

Sujets

Catalogues

Filtres actifs

Siècle

Langage

Ajouté

Sujets

Catalogues

Filtres actifs

Siècle

Langage

Ajouté

Sujets

Catalogues