Golf

1917 · 000214 — <p><strong>We believe this to be the first complete collection of its kind</strong> including several items that we have not encountered in public libraries or archival sources. In any case it represents the most comprehensive collection of issues that we have traced over a period of twenty-five years of Ottoman state publications many of which are difficult to assemble. The collection essentially consists of official reports most of which were prepared by the two ambassadors <strong>Fakhr al-Din Rûm Bey Oğlu</strong> and <strong>Muhammad Nâbi</strong>. These reports are highly restricted official documents.</p>Description of the Collection<p>The reports were prepared in <strong>Ottoman Turkish</strong> except for four items written in modern Turkish after the alphabet reform; these were prepared by <strong>İsmail Hakkı Tevfik</strong> and <strong>Abdulgani Seni Bey</strong>.</p>1. <em>Najd Issue</em> Najd Question<p>Ottoman Turkish report published by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Istanbul 1918. 15 pages octavo.<br />Prepared by Ambassador Fakhr al-Din Rûm Bey Oğlu and the Ottoman Ambassador in Rome Muhammad Nâbi dated 11 March 1917.</p><p>The report discusses the political borders of Ottoman Najd; the treaty signed between Süleyman Şefik Pasha and Abdulaziz ibn Saud; the Ottoman–British treaty concerning Najd including Qatar; and the Ottoman treaty with Ibn Saud converting Najd from a <em>mutasarrifate</em> into a province <em>vilayet</em> appointing Ibn Saud as governor and commander-in-chief including military organization.</p><p>Topics include:<br />Midhat Pasha's report; Wahhabis; the conflict between Saud and Abdullah ibn Faisal; the sheikhs of Muscat Mukalla Oman Hadhramaut and Bahrain and their relations with Britain; Saudi movements along eastern Najd; Ottoman naval response under Midhat Pasha; the administrative difficulty of Najd; support of Mubarak al-Sabah for the Ottomans; coercion of Abdullah al-Faisal to sign the al-Ahsa treaty; Ibn Rashid's advances; tribal dynamics; British support of Al-Sabah; British protection; Ibn Saud and the Muntafiq sheikh; Ottoman–Wahhabi agreements 10 April 1905; British protests regarding Ibn Saud's border violations and interference in Qatar and Oman; the 12-article Ottoman–Ibn Saud treaty of 12 July 1913 including the separation of Qatar from Najd; maritime boundaries; recognition of Jasim Al Thani; compensation to the Sheikh of Bahrain.</p>2. <em>Muscat Issue</em><p>Ottoman Turkish report Ministry of Foreign Affairs Istanbul 1918. 6 pages.<br />Prepared by Fakhr al-Din Rûm Bey Oğlu and Muhammad Nâbi dated 27 November 1916.</p><p>Covers Muscat modern Oman the Imamate foreign involvement Ottoman views rejecting Muscat's independence from the Arabian Peninsula; relations between Najd Muscat and British India; strategic location; occupation history; Al-Sa'id relations with Wahhabis; British and French recognition of Omani independence in 1862; Ottoman perspective on Oman's connection to Arabia.</p>3. <em>Qatar Coasts Issue</em><p>Prepared 8 January 1917. Printed at the Imperial Press. 7 pages plus 9 pages of French appendices.</p><p>Topics include British expansion from Bahrain to Qatar; Ottoman claims; British intervention since 1891; correspondence with the Ottoman state; Bahrain–Qatar disputes over Zubarah and al-'Udayd; appointment of Abd al-Rahman Al Thani; British encroachments; Qatar within the Kuwait treaty framework; confirmation of Jassim Al Thani's authority in 1913.</p>4. <em>Kuwait Issue</em><p>Fakhr al-Din Rûm Bey Oğlu & Muhammad Nâbi. Imperial Press Istanbul 1334 AH. 34 pages.</p><p>Geography population sect history of Al-Sabah; Ottoman administration of Baghdad and Basra; British policy; secret treaties 1899–1904; borders; railways; maritime flags; taxation refusal; British attempts to place Kuwait under protection; Ottoman responses; oil islands Bubiyan Khor Abdullah; Sheikh's declaration of being an officer in the British army. Dated 31 August 1918.</p>5. <em>Basra Gulf Issue</em> Bahrain Qatar Pirate Coast/Emirates<p>İsmail Hakkı Tevfik. Ankara 1931. 32 pages.<br />Political tribal and documentary history in Turkish English and French.</p>6. <em>Irrigation in Arabia</em><p>Fakhr al-Din Rûm Bey Oğlu & Muhammad Nâbi. 14 pages.<br />Ottoman irrigation projects; British interference since 1910; German involvement.</p>7. <em>Asir Revolt of 1911</em><p>Report by Consul General İsmail Hakkı. 31 pages.<br />Ottoman military actions; Idrisi revolt; tribal loyalties; Wahhabi involvement; detailed military maps.</p>8. <em>Aqaba Issue</em><p>By Rashdi Infantry Brigade Commander. Istanbul 1326 AH. 154 pages.<br />Ottoman–British relations; Egypt's role; Hijaz railway; Aqaba dispute.</p>9. <em>War in Arabia between Ibn Saud and the Imam of Yemen</em><p>By Abdülgani Sünni Bey. Ankara 1934. 20 pages.<br />Unique copy. Covers causes tribal alignments Asir Aden Najran foreign involvement.</p>10. <em>Guide to the Gulf of Aden</em><p>Ottoman Turkish. Istanbul 1310 AH. 276 pages.<br />Includes maps; authored by naval officer Süleyman Nutqi.</p>11. <em>Tripoli Benghazi and the Twelve Islands Issue</em><p>Report dated 27 November 1916. 24 pages French treaty texts.<br />Ottoman North Africa American conflicts Italian ambitions Lausanne Treaty.</p>12. <em>Sheikh Sa'id Island Issue</em><p>Istanbul 1916. 4 pages.<br />Strategic Bab al-Mandab island dispute with France.</p>13. <em>Palestine Issue – Zionist Claims</em><p>Istanbul 3 March 1918. 43 pages.<br />Origins of Zionism; European diplomacy; Jerusalem administration.</p>14. <em>Notes on the Iraq War</em><p>Military Press 1333 AH. 88 pages.<br />Translated from English for official use only. Rare.</p>15. <em>Bahrain Issue</em><p>Report dated 8 January 1917. 12 pages French texts.<br />History British protection treaties 1820–1898 inclusion in 1913 Gulf treaty.</p>16. <em>Muhammarah Issue</em><p>Report dated 1 March 1917. 8 pages.<br />Borders oil Sheikh Khaz'al Anglo-Iranian-Ottoman relations.</p>17. <em>Oil Concessions in Arabia</em><p>Report dated 26 March 1917. 9 pages English treaty.<br />Mosul Baghdad Basra Shell Najd Kuwait.</p>18. <em>Baghdad Issue</em><p>Report dated 31 August 1917. 53 pages French texts.<br />Baghdad Railway; British–Ottoman rivalry; Gulf politics.</p>19. <em>Farasan Islands Issue</em><p>Report dated 28 November 1916. 8 pages.<br />German coal depot request; British occupation; oil and gas.</p>20. <em>Hadhramaut Issue</em><p>Report dated 11 March 1917. 6 pages.<br />Tribal governance; British relations via Aden.</p>21. <em>Aden and the Nine Districts</em><p>Report dated 27 November 1916. 39 pages French annexes.<br />Portuguese Ottoman British rule; Yemen administration; sovereignty claims.</p>22. <em>Memorandum on British Claims Regarding the Baghdad Line and Basra Gulf</em><p>Istanbul 21 January 1911. 35 pages appendices.<br />Detailed diplomatic negotiations since 1903.</p>23. <em>Guide to the Red Sea</em><p>Istanbul 1307 AH. 459 pages.<br />Comprehensive nautical and railway guide with ports and routes.</p>24. <em>South Arabia Issue</em> Hadhramaut Socotra etc.<p>İsmail Hakkı Tevfik. Bulgaria 1935. 132 pages with photographs and maps.</p>25. <em>The Egyptian Issue</em><p>Prepared March 1918. 186 pages.<br />Ottoman legal and political analysis of Egypt from Muhammad Ali to British occupation.</p>26. <em>Shatt al-Arab Issue</em><p>Istanbul 1917. 30 pages.<br />1913 treaty with Britain; navigation borders Iran Muhammarah.</p><p><strong>Note</strong><br />İsmail Hakkı Tevfik was a senior Ottoman and Republican diplomat and son-in-law of Sultan Mehmed VI. Fakhr al-Din Rûm Bey Oğlu and Muhammad Nâbi were leading Ottoman statesmen. Other contributors include Süleyman Nutqi naval officer and Abdulgani Seni Bey later a key Republican thinker.</p><ul><li><strong> 26 items</strong></li></ul> Ottoman Ministry of Foreign Affairs paperback