Leibniz

LEIBNITZ, GOTTFRIED WILHELM [THE LEIBNIZ CALCULATOR]Biblio.com

Theodicaea Oder Versuch und Abhandlung Wie der Güte und Gerechtigkeit Gottes In Ansehung Der Menschlichen Freyheit und des Ursprungs des Bösen zu vertheidigen; Aus dem Frantzösischen übersetzt Bei diesen dritten Auflage an vielen Orten verbesser.

173528333Hannover Zu finden bey Nicolai Försters und Sohns sel. Erben 1735. 8vo. Contemporary full vellum w. author and title in old hand on back. Bdg. a bit soiled. Internally a bit of brownspotting. title-page w. professionally repaired tear. Inner front-hinge starting to crack but bdg. and bookblock tight. Overall a good and fairly well preserved copy. With engr. portrait woodcut vignettes and one folded engr. plate depicting an early calculating machine. 28 64 1030 pp. Rare third German edition. Last Richter-edition. First published in French in 1710. It is the only larger philosophical work Leibnitz himself published and it is a work of immense importance to philosophy theology and mathematics. In this work Leibniz represents his excellent calculating machine which has served as the basis for what we now call a computer as he presents the binary arithmetic "Rechnen mit Null und Eins" "calculating with zero and one" in the Beylage p. 926 which forms the basis for the much later developed computer science see PMM 177. This work contains "Anmerkungen" by Richter and "Lebens=Beschreibung" by Fontenelle followed by "Beylage". In these "Beylage" we find the method of converting numbers into the binary system which here is said to be "etwas recht neues welches der Herr Leibnitz zu Hanover erfunden" "something brand new which Mr. Leibnitz von Hanover has discovered" as well as "Eine Schrift. In welcher klar gezeiget wird/ dass nicht Herr Neutonsondern der Herr von Leibnitz Erfinder des CALCULI DIFFERENTIALIS sey." A Treatise. In which it is clearly shown/ that Mr. Leibniz and not Mr. Newton is the inventor of the CALCULI DIFFERENTIALIS".All early editions of the Theodicee are rare. See D.S.B.: VIII pp. 161-166. hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark10 000,00 DKK≈ 1 343,00 €

LEIBNIZ, Gottfried Wilhelm von - HANSCH, Michael GottliebBiblio.com

Godefridi Guilielmi Leibnitii Principia philosophiae more geometrico demonstrata:

1728149331Frankfurt and Leipzig: Peter Conrad Monath 1728. An exposition of Leibnizianism First edition of this exposition on Leibniz's philosophy by a contemporary of the philosopher; including a Latin translation of Leibniz's Monadology. "Little is known of Michael Gottlieb Hansch. A theologian from Leipzig and adviser to the Emperor Charles VI he knew Leibniz personally from 1707 onwards. He was thus in an excellent position to acquaint himself with Leibnizian thought having been in correspondence with Leibiniz for five years prior to the writing of the Monadology 1707-13. The first 19 pages of the present work consisted of Hansch's Latin translation of Monadology. Then followed the geometrical demonstration of Leibniz's definitions 2 axioms and 114 theorems. Hansch's erudite commentary on the Monadology contains excerpts from Leibniz's letters and teems with references to the Leibniz-Clarke correspondence the Theodicy the Système nouveau Leibniz's reply to difficulties expressed by Bayle in his article Rosarius in tome II of the Receuil to the Oratio de Sinarum philosophica practica of Wolff. The book contributed to Condillac's understanding of Leibnizian thought" Hine pp. 94-95. Hansch is perhaps best known as the purchaser of and publisher of Kepler's letters a project in which Leibniz took great interest. Quarto 207 x 169 mm. Contemporary vellum manuscript title to spine orange speckled edges. Light discolouration to vellum else binding in nice shape contents browned; a very good wide-margined copy. Ravier 381. Ellen McNiven Hine A Critical Study of Condillac's "Traite des Systemes" 1979. hardcover

Peter Harrington · Royaume-Uni1 500,00 £GB≈ 1 712,70 €

LEIBNIZ. (GOTTFRIED WILHELM. 1646-1716).Livre Rare Book

ESSAIS DE THEODICEE, SUR LA BONTE DE DIEU, LA LIBERTE DE L’HOMME ET L’ORIGINE DU MAL. PAR MR LEIBNITZ. SECONDE EDITION.

17141396A AMSTERDAM. CHEZ ISAAC TROYEL, LIBRAIRE. 1714. 2 VOLUMES IN-12 (10 X 16,5 X 5,5 CENTIMETRES ENVIRON) DE (36) + 386 PAGES ET (2) + 216 + 132 PAGES, RELIURE D'EPOQUE PLEIN VEAU BRUN, DOS A 5 NERFS ORNE DE CAISSONS A FLEURONS DORES, TITRE DORE SUR ETIQUETTE MAROQUIN HAVANE, TRANCHES MOUCHETEES ROUGES. RARE SECONDE EDITION DONT ON CONNAIT PEU D’EXEMPLAIRES. PETIT MANQUE DE PAPIER SANS MANQUE DE TEXTE EN MARGE INFERIEURE BASSE DU PREMIER FEUILLET DE PREFACE DU TOME I, PETITE ROUSSEUR AYANT CAUSE UN PETIT TROU SANS GRAVITE PAGES 11/12 ET 161/162 DU TOME I, QUELQUES PETITS DEFAUTS EXTERIEURS, SINON BON EXEMPLAIRE.

Librairie du Château de Capens · Capens, France1 800,00 €

LEIBNIZ, Gottfried Wilhelm von - HANSCH, Michael GottliebBiblio.com

Godefridi Guilielmi Leibnitii Principia philosophiae more geometrico demonstrata:

1728149005Frankfurt and Leipzig: Peter Conrad Monath 1728. Leibnizianism outlined by a contemporary First edition of this exposition on Leibniz's philosophy by a contemporary of the philosopher; including a Latin translation of Leibniz's Monadology. "Little is known of Michael Gottlieb Hansch. A theologian from Leipzig and adviser to the Emperor Charles VI he knew Leibniz personally from 1707 onwards. He was thus in an excellent position to acquaint himself with Leibnizian thought having been in correspondence with Leibiniz for five years prior to the writing of the Monadology 1707-13. The first 19 pages of the present work consisted of Hansch's Latin translation of Monadology. Then followed the geometrical demonstration of Leibniz's definitions 2 axioms and 114 theorems. Hansch's erudite commentary on the Monadology contains excerpts from Leibniz's letters and teems with references to the Leibniz-Clarke correspondence the Theodicy the Système nouveau Leibniz's reply to difficulties expressed by Bayle in his article Rosarius in tome II of the Receuil to the Oratio de Sinarum philosophica practica of Wolff. The book contributed to Condillac's understanding of Leibnizian thought" Hine pp. 94-95. Hansch is perhaps best known as the purchaser of and publisher of Kepler's letters a project in which Leibniz took great interest. Quarto 199 x 153 mm. Contemporary calf tooled in compartments blind borders to covers marbled edges. Front endpapers with various ownership inscriptions and notes from 1759 to 1800 in Latin; twentieth-century ink stamp on title page of Samuel Zocha of Modra Slovakia. Extremities worn spine dulled light ring mark to front cover binding firm contents crisp and clean; a very good copy. Ravier 381. Ellen McNiven Hine A Critical Study of Condillac's "Traite des Systemes" 1979. unknown

Peter Harrington · Royaume-Uni1 750,00 £GB≈ 1 998,15 €

"LEIBNIZ (LEIBNITZ), GOTTFRIED WILHELM.Livre Rare Book

Tentamina Theodicaeae De Bonitate Dei Libertate Hominis Et Origine Mali / Latinè versa & Notationibus illustrata à M. D. L. (Barth. Des Bosses). Ab ipso Auctore emendata & auctiora. Tomus Primus (3 Parts, all). (Theodicy: Essays on the Goodness of God...

171949802Franckfurt, Bencard, 1719. 8vo. Contemp. full vellum. A few small brownspots to covers. Large engraved titlevignette. (48),(40),408,(12) pp. 1 folded table (between p.48/49). Clean and fine.

Herman H. J. Lynge & Son · Copenhagen, Danemark18 500,00 DKK≈ 2 484,55 €

LEIBNIZ (LEIBNITZ), GOTTFRIED WILHELMBiblio.com

Tentamina Theodicaeae De Bonitate Dei Libertate Hominis Et Origine Mali / Latinè versa & Notationibus illustrata à M. D. L. Barth. Des Bosses. Ab ipso Auctore emendata & auctiora. Tomus Primus 3 Parts all. Theodicy: Essays on the Goodness of God.

171949802Franckfurt Bencard 1719. 8vo. Contemp. full vellum. A few small brownspots to covers. Large engraved titlevignette. 484040812 pp. 1 folded table between p.48/49. Clean and fine. Extremely scarce first Latin edition of Leibniz's hugely influential work "Essais de Theodicée sur la Bonté de Dieu la Liberté de L'Homme et L'Origine du Mal" 1710. It is his importent treatise on the goodnes of God the free will of man and the causes of evil in the world The principal subject of the work being the problem of liberty and free will. It is the only larger philosophical work published by Leibnitz himself.The "Théodicée" was a response to skeptical Pierre Bayle who wrote in his work Dictionnaire Historique et Critique that after rejecting three attempts to solve it he saw no rational solution to the problem of evil.The work was composed at the instigation of Sophia Charlotte with whom Leibniz had conversed concerning the views of Bayle. In response to a request from Prince Eugene for an abstract of the Théodicée Leibniz in 1714 wrote the "Principes de la nature et de la grâce fondées en raison and the Monadologie".It is often the case that this Latin edition is followed by the small work "Causa Dei Asserta per Justitiam Ejus." 32 pp. This work is not withbound here.Ravier "Bibliographie des Oeuvres de Leibniz" No 344. - PMM 1710-edition. hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark18 500,00 DKK≈ 2 484,55 €

[Newton, Sir Isaac] Voltaire [Francois-Marie Arouet] / Leibniz / Baker, David Erskine / [Berkeley, George]Biblio.com

The Metaphysics of Sir Isaac Newton : Or A Comparison between the Opinions of Sir Isaac Newton and Mr. Leibnitz Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. By M. De Voltaire. Translated from the French by David Erskine Baker / Bound together with a First Edition of George Berkeley's Miscellaneous Tracts which also include "De Motu ; sive de motus principio & natura & de causa communicationis motuum" in which Berkeley rejected Sir Isaac Newton's absolute Space Time and Motion. "With this essay Berkeley is considered to be the "precursor of Mach and Einstein" - Karl Popper.

174731752AB1747. First English Edition. London Printed for R.Dodsley 1747. Octavo. 72 pages. Modern cloth. The bookblock with signs of stitching to the inner margin possibly used to be part of a Sammelband. Last three leaves with paper-restoration and manuscript inscription to last page looks like a 18th century gift-inscription. With numerous manuscript - annotations in the tracts of George Berkeley namely in "A Word to the Wise" "Farther Thoughts on Tar-Water" "The Querist". From the library of Daniel Conner Manch House County Cork. Bound with: "Berkeley George Bishop of Coyne - "A Miscellany Containing Several Tracts on Various Subjects. By the Bishop of Cloyne. London Printed for J. and R. Tonson and S.Draper 1752. VI 267 1 pages. Title-page witme minor paper-restoration. This wonderful collection by the eminent ANglo-Irish Philosopher includes the following Pamphlets / Tracts as called for: 1. Farther Thoughts on Tar-Water 2. An Essay towards preventing the Ruin of Great-Britain 3. A Discourse addressed to Magistrates and Men in Authority. Occasioned by the enormous Licence and Irreligion of the Times. 4. A Word to the Wise - Or an Exhortation to the Roman Catholic Clergy of Ireland This section "A Word to the Wise" includes several interesting annotations: a. an underlining of the sentence: "Seeing you are obnoxious of the Law" with a comment "Oh! infamous" b. annotation: "the catholic clergy cannot be accused even by there greatest enemies of having been influenced by interested motives therefore this hint of his lordship was not of much avail" 5. A Letter to the Roman Catholics of the Diocese of Cloyne 6. Maxims concerning Patriotism 7. The Querist - Containing several Queries proposed to the Consideration of the Public 8. Verses on the Prospect of Planting Arts and Learning in America 9. A Proposal for the better supplying of Churches in our Foreign Plantations and for converting the Savage Americans to Christianity by a College to be erected in the Summer Islands otherwise called The Isles of Bermuda 10. A Sermon preached before the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts; at their Anniversary Meeting in the Parish-Church of St.Mary-le-Bow in 1731 11. De Motu ; sive de motus principio & natura & de causa communicationis motuum ______________________________________________________________________________ hardcover

Inanna Rare Books Ltd. · Irlande2 800,00 €

LEIBNIZ, Gottfried Wilhelm vonBiblio.com

Theodicee

1744149335Hanover & Leipzig: In Verlag sel. Nicol. Försters und Sohns Erben 1744. The first appearance of the standard text First Gottsched edition of the Théodicée first 1710 the version which remains the standard German text expanded with important additions. The Sprachreformer Johann Christoph Gottsched aimed at freeing the text from the inaccessibly convoluted metaphysical language of Richter's translation 1720. Fontenelle's eulogy to Leibniz introduces the text while addressing the Newton-Leibniz controversy over priority in the discovery of differential calculus. The appendix adds several short works by Leibniz relevant to the issues dealt with in the Théodicée; of those four appear here in German for the first time. The choice of essays reflected Gottsched's plan to integrate Leibniz's mathematical-scientific and metaphysical work: included in the selection are works on the binary system the fundamental and typographically complex Rechnung mit Null und Eins and the description of Leibniz's invention the first calculating machine capable of performing all four arithmetical operations accompanied by an engraved plate. Octavo 181 x 112 mm. With engraved portrait frontispiece by C. F. Boctius and engraved folding plate of the calculating machine. Twentieth-century sheep to style marbled and speckled edges. Light peripheral rubbing small chip to label lettered over light toning and sporadic foxing but contents generally crisp; a very good copy. Ravier 421; Fromm VI 28315; see Printing and the Mind of Man 177 first edition. unknown

Peter Harrington · Royaume-Uni2 500,00 £GB≈ 2 854,50 €

Gottfried Wilhelm LeibnizBiblio.com

OPERA OMNIA nunc primum collecta in Classes distributa praefationibus & indicibus exornata studio Ludovici Dutens.

1768009245Genevae: Apud Fratres De Tournes 1768. Alla pagina di occhiello: "Gothofredi Guillelmi Leibnitii Opera omnia. In sex tomos distributa". Sei tomi in sette volumi 25x20 cm legatura coeva in mezza pelle con dorso ornato e dorato piatti in cartone marmorizzato con usure; un paio di volumi risultano incurvati qualche spellatura alla cerniera e al dorso di due volumi. Gora vistosa al tomo 1 da pag. C a 70 che ha increspato le pagine che poi sfuma in angolo. Gora al margine delle prime pp del tomo 2 fino a p. 18 e poi all'angolo superiore di p. 219-307. Foretto di tarlo senza gravità all'angolo inferiore delle pp 9-30 del tomo 3. Fioriture e tracce di antica umidità alle risguardie dei primi due tomi. 40 tavole in b/n ripiegate fuori testo altre figure e tabelle anche a piena pagina nel testo. Il legatore settecentesco ha scelto di dividere il tomo IV in due volumi numerati 4 e 5 al dorso con la conseguenza di far "slittare" anche i numeri degli ultimi due tomi numero 6 per il tomo V e numero 7 per il tomo VI. L'opera è così articolata: Volume 1: Tomus primus quo theologica continentur. 2-IV-CCXLIV-790 pagine antiporta incisa ripiegata con ritratto di Leibnitz. Segnatura: a-gg4 hh2; A-Ggggg4 - Volume 2: Tomus secundus in duas partes distributus quarum 1. Continet Logicam & Metaphysicam; 2. Physicam generalem Chymiam Medicinam Botanicam Historiam Naturalem Artes &c. 2-VIII-400-291-1 pagine 12 tavole ripiegate in fine. Segnatura: 2ast.4 A-Ddd4 Tomo II parte I; A-Nn4 Oo2 Tomo II parte II - Volume 3: Tomus tertius continens opera mathematica. 2-VIII-LV-1-663-1 pagine XXV tavole ripiegate in fine. Segnatura: piè di mosca4 a-Oooo4 - Volumi 4 e 5: Tomus quartus in tres partes distributus quarum 1. continet Philosophiam in genere & opuscula Sinenses attingentia. 2. Historiam & Antiquitates. 3. Jurisprudentiam. Volume 4: VIII-216-285 pagine; segnatura: 2piè di mosca4 A-Dd4 Tomo IV parte I; A-Nn4 Tomo IV parte II. Volume 5: 2-647-1 pagine; segnatura: A-Mmmm4 Tomo IV parte III - Volume 6: Tomus quintus continens opera philologica. VIII-632 pagine; segnatura: croce latina4 A-Kkkk4. Tra le pagine 512 e 513 è stata inserita dal rilegatore una tavola pertinente al Tomo IV l'esatta posizione è stata tagliata dalla rifilatura - Volume 7: Tomus sextus in duas partes distributus quarum 1. continet philologicorum continuationem 2. collectanea etymologica. VI-2-334 2-344 pagine; segnatura: 2croce latina4 A-Tt4 parte I A-Vv4 Parte II. Tra le pagine 88 e 89 è stata inserita dal rilegatore una tavola pertinente al Tomo IV parte II pagina 88. In lingua latina prima edizione delle opere di Leibniz. Peso: 9500 gr. Apud Fratres De Tournes

Libreria Bacbuc · Italie3 000,00 €

Leibniz, Gottfried WilhelmAntiquariat.de

Opera omnia. Nunc primum collecta, in classes distributa, præfationibus & indicibus exhornata, studio Ludovici Dutens [Louis Dutens].

176813828Genf, de Tournes, 1768. 6 in 7 Bdn. 1 gefalt. Kupferporträt, 41 gefalt. Kupfertafeln und 1 gefalt. Tabelle. Kl.-4°. Pgmt. der Zeit mit Rückenschild (etw. verzogen, fleckig, bestoßen und wurmstichig).

Matthäus Truppe · AT - Graz3 531,00 €

LEIBNIZ (Gottfried Wilhelm)Livre Rare Book

Opera omnia, nunc primum collecta, in Classes distributa, præfationibus & indicibus exornata, studio Ludovici Dutens

1768115831768 Genève, Fratres de Tournes, 1768, 6 tomes en 12 vol. in 4 de 1f. blanc-IV-(2)-CCXLIV-296 pp. ; (2) blanc, (2)- p. 297 à p. 790 ; 1f. blanc-(2)-VIII-400 pp. ; 1 f. blanc-291 pp. ; 1 f. blanc-(2)-LV-272 pp. ; 1 f. blanc, (2)- p. 273 à p. 663 ; 1 f. blanc-VIII-285 pp. ; 1 f. blanc-VIII-352 pp. ; 1f. blanc-(2)-647 pp. ; 1 f. blanc-(2)-p. 353 à p. 632 ; 1f. blanc, VI-1 f. blanc-334 pp. ; 1 f. blanc-344 pp., rel. d'ép. demi-velin ivoire à coins, dos lisses ornés de fleurons et roulettes dorées, pièces de titres de maroquin vert et de tomaisons de maroquin rouge, plats recouverts de papier dominoté à motifs d'étoiles vieux rouge (orange), bel ex. non rogné.

Fronhofer Schlösschen Galerie · Burgsinn, Allemagne4 000,00 €

"LEIBNITZ, Mr. de (GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ).Livre Rare Book

Oeuvres philosophiques latines & francoises de feu. Tirées de ses manuscrits qui se conservent dans la bibliotheque royale a Hanovre et publiées par Mr. Rud. Eric Raspe. Avec une Préface de Mr. Kaestner. [Nouveau essais sur l'entendement humain, -New ... - [FIRST PRINTING OF ""NEW ESSAYS ON HUMAN UNDERSTANDING""]

176538096Amsterdam et Leipzig, Chez Jean Schreuder, 1765. 4to. Uncut in the original marbled boards. Professionally rebacked preserving almost all of the original back. The fragile orginal binding is here preserved in its entirety, and it has quite a bit of overall wear. Apart from a small hole to two leaves in the index, affecting ab. one work on each of the four pages, it is internally nice and clean. Title-page printed in red and black. Beautiful eng. title-vignette and a few other woodcut vignettes and initials. (4), XVI, (2), 540, (18) pp.

Herman H. J. Lynge & Son · Copenhagen, Danemark32 000,00 DKK≈ 4 297,60 €

LEIBNITZ, Mr de (GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ).Biblio.com

Oeuvres philosophiques latines & francoises de feu. Tirées de ses manuscrits qui se conservent dans la bibliotheque royale a Hanovre et publiées par Mr. Rud. Eric Raspe. Avec une Préface de Mr. Kaestner. Nouveau essais sur l'entendement humain -New . - FIRST PRINTING OF "NEW ESSAYS ON HUMAN UNDERSTANDING"

176538096Amsterdam et Leipzig Chez Jean Schreuder 1765. 4to. Uncut in the original marbled boards. Professionally rebacked preserving almost all of the original back. The fragile orginal binding is here preserved in its entirety and it has quite a bit of overall wear. Apart from a small hole to two leaves in the index affecting ab. one work on each of the four pages it is internally nice and clean. Title-page printed in red and black. Beautiful eng. title-vignette and a few other woodcut vignettes and initials. 4 XVI 2 540 18 pp. First edition thus being the first collected edition of Leibnitz' philosophical works in French and Latin and containing the FIRST PRINTING of one of Leibnitz' most important philosophical works his "Nouveaux essays sur l'entendement humain" New Essays on Human Understanding in which he attacks and refutes Locke and his "Essay on Human Understanding" and gives important testimony to his own philosophical ideas. With its 496 pages this extensive work takes up most of this collection of philosophical works and it also constitutes one of his largest and most important of his philosophical works. As explained by Raspe the editor in his preface to this publication "LES NOUVEAUX ESSAIS SUR L'ENTENDEMENT HUMAIN qui sont la partie principale de recueil sont connûs trés imparfaitement par l'histoire de la Philosophie de Leibnitz que Mr. Ludovici a publiée" p. X and the reason why the work was known even though it had not been published is because of a letter that Leibnitz had written in 1714 in which he explains why he did not wish to publish the work. Raspe quotes the letter p. X from which it becomes clear that Leibnitz had not wished to publish an attack on Locke and his work because Locke had died in 1704 the same year that Leibnitz had actually written the work and because Leibnitz was against publishing refutations of dead authors: "Mais je me suis degouté de publier des refutations des Auteurs morts quoiqu'elles dissent paroitre Durant leur vie & étre communiqués à eux memes". Raspe points to the nobleness of this decision but he also points to what could be other reasons for Leibnitz not wishing to publish his seminal work one of them being that towards the end of his life he died in 1716 he did not wish to enter into any more controversies with the British since he was already engaged in two very important ones that occuopied much of his time and energy: The first concerned the invention of the differential calculus the second was against Mr. Clarke on liberty and important metaphysical and theological questions. Another reason could also be that he did not want to begin controversies with the friends of Locke who at that time were many and important.Locke's "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding" which is the work here being refuted by Leibnitz became the crucial groundwork for the future empiricists with David Hume in the foreground and thus Leibnitz' work though published posthumously probably came to play a bigger role in the history of philosophy than it would have done had it been published just after he wrote it. Few philosophers of his time were susceptible to Leibnitz' ideas and his application of logic to the problems of metaphysics as most of them were far more receptive to Locke's empiricism. However when Leibnitz' "Nouveaux essays." was finally published here in his "Oeuvres philosophiques" in 1765 it became hugely influential and was also an important factor in the development of Kant's transcendental philosophy.The hugely famous work by Locke in which he stated his famous theory that the mind of the newborn is like a blank slate tabula rasa and concluded that all ideas come from experience and that there are no such things as innate principles was generally sharply criticized by the rationalists the most important of them being Leibnitz. Leibnitz' response his "Les nouveaux essays sur l'entendement humain" constitutes the most important of the rationalist responses and it is written in the form of a chapter-by-chapter refutation. He refutes the major premise of Locke's work that the senses are the source of all understanding primarily by adding to this "except the understanding itself" thus going on to distinguish between his three levels of understanding which are part of the centre of his philosophy.For Leibnitz as well as for Locke the great inspiration was Descartes but they chose two fundamentally different directions Locke the materialistic one and Leibnitz the idealistic one. The present work represents the greatest clash between the two giants of late 17th century philosophy. The effect of Leibnitz' work was enormous and among the Germans he invoked a great passion for philosophical studies. Leibnitz represents a striking contrast to both Locke with his empiricism and Spinoza. One earlier collection of some of Leibnitz' works had been printed before this one but it did not contain his "New Essays on Human Understanding" and only consisted of his "Smaller Philosophical Works". This is the German 1740-edition "Kleinere philosohische Schriften". The other writings contained in this publication are "Examen du sentiment du P. Malebranche que nous voyons tout en Dieu" ""Dialogus de connexione inter res & verba" "Difficultates quaedam Logicae" "Discours touchant la methode de la certitude & de l'art d'inventer" "Historia et commendatio charactericae universalis quae simul sit ars inveniendi".Graesse IV:152. hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark32 000,00 DKK≈ 4 297,60 €

"LEIBNIZ, G.G. - LEIBNITZ [+ CHRISTIAN WOLFF].Livre Rare Book

Principia Philosophiae [i.e. ""The Monadology""/""Monadologie""/""Theory of Monads""] + (Chr. Wolff:) Das Herrn Gottfrid Wilhelm von Leibnitz Lehrsätze über die Monadologie &c... [In: Actorum Eruditorum, Supplementa. Tomus VII + Acta Eruditorum anno 1721]. - [THE MONADOLOGY - A NEW PHILOSOPHY]

172149396Leipzig, 1721. 4to. Both entire volumes (Acta Eruditorum 1721 + Supplementa VII, 1721) present, in uniform contemporary full vellum bindings with handwriting to spines. A small later label to top of spines. Old handwritten ex libris-inscription to top of both title-pages as well as a small stamp. The supplement-volume with an additional stamp to title-page, and both volumes with library label (Archiv des k.k. militär.-geograf Institutes) to pasted down front free end-paper. As usual some brownspotting. A nice set. pp. 500-514 (Supplement-vol.) + pp. 94-95. [Entire volumes: (2), 537, (39) pp. + three plates (Suppl.-vol.) + (4), 547, (42) pp. + five plates].

Herman H. J. Lynge & Son · Copenhagen, Danemark50 000,00 DKK≈ 6 715,00 €

LEIBNIZ, GG - LEIBNITZ [+ CHRISTIAN WOLFF]. G GBiblio.com

Principia Philosophiae i.e. "The Monadology"/"Monadologie"/"Theory of Monads" Chr. Wolff: Das Herrn Gottfrid Wilhelm von Leibnitz Lehrsätze über die Monadologie &c. In: Actorum Eruditorum Supplementa. Tomus VII Acta Eruditorum anno 1721. - THE MONADOLOGY - A NEW PHILOSOPHY

172149396Leipzig 1721. 4to. Both entire volumes Acta Eruditorum 1721 Supplementa VII 1721 present in uniform contemporary full vellum bindings with handwriting to spines. A small later label to top of spines. Old handwritten ex libris-inscription to top of both title-pages as well as a small stamp. The supplement-volume with an additional stamp to title-page and both volumes with library label Archiv des k.k. militär.-geograf Institutes to pasted down front free end-paper. As usual some brownspotting. A nice set. pp. 500-514 Supplement-vol. pp. 94-95. Entire volumes: 2 537 39 pp. three plates Suppl.-vol. 4 547 42 pp. five plates. The highly important first Latin translation of Leibnitz' seminal "The Monadology" - his main philosophical work and the work that stands as the epitomization of anti-materialism - which was not published in the original French until 1814 and which only appeared in a German translation exceedingly scarce in 1720 and in a Latin translation by Christian Wolff in 1721 as it is here. Up until then Leibnitz' key philosophical text had only circulated in manuscript form written in 1714. - Here sold together with Wolff's anonymously written review of the German version of the "Monadology" which had great impact upon the reception of the seminal philosophical text that is the "Monadology"."Until the XXth century criticism about Leibniz's "Principles of Nature and Grace" and "Monadology" has been characterised by a number of mistakes and misunderstandings which have roots in the circumstances surrounding the genesis of these manuscripts. As a consequence erroneous information about these texts was included in an anonymous review published in 1721 in the "Acta eruditorum" of Leipzig. Research on primary sources proves that the author of this review who was in fact the author of the latin translation of the Monadology published immediately afterwards was Christian Wolff who was in possession of a copy of Leibniz's manuscript as early as 1717. Wolff's initiative of translating the Monadology can be seen as part of a cultural strategy aiming to prevent any idealistic interpretation of Leibniz's monadological thought. From this point of view to consider the theory of pre-established harmony as based on a system of strictly dualistic metaphysics was an essential element of Wolff's philosophical strategy."Antonio Lamarra: Contexte génétique et première reception de la "Monadologie". Leibniz Wolff et la doctrine de l'harmonie préétablie". During his last stay in Vienna from 1712 to September 1714 Leibniz wrote two short texts which were meant as concise expositions of his philosophy namely the "Principes de la Nature et de la Grace fondés en raison" written as a letter to Prince Eugene of Savoy and the work we now know as the "Monadology" which he had been asked to write by Nicolas Redmond Duke of Orleons - the latter being the work that established Leibnitz' fame as a philosopher and which has gone down in history as not only as one of the most important philosophical texts of the 18th century but also arguably the most important work of immaterialism. After his death "Principes de la Nature et de la Grace fondés en raison" appeared in French in the Netherlands. Without having seen this publication Christian Wolff and collaborators had assumed that it contained the French original of the "Monadology" as well although this in fact remained unpublished until 1840. Thus it happened that Leibnitz' key philosophical text which came to be known as "The Monadology" was printed in German and Latin ab. 120 years before it appeared in the original French. The German translation appeared in 1720 as "Lehrsätze über die Monadologie" and the following year the Latin translation appeared in Acta Eruditorum as "Principia philosophiae". Three manuscript versions of the text exist: the first written by Leibniz and overcharged with corrections and two further emended copies with some corrections appearing in one but not the other. "Leibniz was one of the last "universal men" of the type which the Italian Renaissance had ideally postulated: philosopher historian mathematician scientist lawyer librarian and diplomat. In all these fields either all his actual achievements or his seminal suggestions have become part and parcel of European thought. Although trained for the law mathematics was his favourite subject. Independently of Newton he worked out the infinitesimal calculus introduced a number of mathematical symbols now in general use and constructed an early calculating machine the ancestor of our computers. Mathematical conceptions also determine his philosophy. In it Leibniz tried to combine physics and metaphysics and to reconcile philosophy and theology. The "essay on a Theodicy" is the only larger philosophical work published by himself; but his fame as a philosopher rests on his "Theory of Monads". The original French text of this was published for the first time in 1840; but it had circulated in manuscript in its initial form of a letter addressed to Prince Eugene of Savoy 1714 and it was printed in German 1720 and Latin 1721 translations. Leibniz proclaimed a "pre-established harmony" of the universe which he explained as composed of hierarchically ordered "monads" i.e. the ultimate substances of mind as well as matter. This concept clearly reflects the ideal of the properly organized absolutist state of the baroque period and derives partly from the "idées simples" of Descartes whom Leibniz greatly admired. A generation later Voltaire ridiculed the "pre-established harmony" in "Candide"; but modern nuclear science has vindicated Leibniz's basic ideas albeit from different presuppositions." Printing and the Mind of Man pp. 105-6. The "Monadology" is an extremely condense work that consists of 90 in this Latin version 93 numbered sections/paragraphs which outline a metaphysics of a single substance. The Monadology ends the dualistic mind-body-problem of Descartes and offers a new solution to the question of the interaction between mind and matter by explaining the pre-established harmony and the synchronous not causal relationship between the realm of final causes and that of efficient causes. Leibniz' groundbreaking work came to profoundly influence not only 18th century thought but also much later philosophy and logic. For this we have to thank Christian Wolff the translator of the "Monadology" into Latin and the first reviewer of the work. It is through Wolff and his elaboration of the development of Leibniz' speculative and metaphysical views that Leibniz becomes a recognized figure of importance particularly in Germany from the 1720'ies onwards where Wolff's writings were standardly studied. "Notably Wolff's Leibnizianism made a deep impact on Kant in whose "Critique of Pure Reason" 1781 Leibniz himself came to figure as one of the main targets of Kant's anti-metaphysical programme. In particular Kant saw Leibniz as pretending to "a priori" knowledge of the world as it is in itself and presented his own claim that the only knowledge we can have is of the world as it appears in our experience as sharply opposed to the Leibnizian vision. . today shows that his thought has survived even the extreme empiricism of the Vienna Circle in the 1930s which would have viewed its principal doctrines as unverifiable and hence utterly meaningless. Although not in evidence in the "Monadology" itself one of Leibniz' preoccupations was with the philosophy of logic and language and the twentieth-century's concern for those topics has discovered in what he had to say about them a treasure house of good sense and wisdom which can be detached from the less appealing of his metaphysical speculations. Then more recent writers who have been interested in the metaphysics of possibility and necessity have found inspiration in the Leibnizian image of possible worlds and that too has helped keep his name alive for us." Savile "Leibniz and the Monadology" pp. 6-7. "The long span of Leibniz' intellectual life and his early involvement with philosophy made for engagement with a wide variety of philosophical traditions and issues. Early studies at home exposed him to the thought of the Scholastics; during his university years he was something of a materialist influenced by the atomism of Bacon and Gassendi. In his mid-20s and early 30s becoming disenchanted with the intellectual prospects for materialist thought he turned towards the sort of immaterialism that came to shape his mature thinking after the decade between 1675 and 1685 when he was more narrowly concerned with mathematics than philosophy. It is this anti-materialism that is epitomized in the "Monadology" itself.Although Leibniz produced a prodigious quantity of philosophical writing very little of it was published in his lifetime; indeed very little was intended for publication. For the most part. his philosophical thoughts were prepared for individual scholars he had met or with whom he corresponded and were never presented as a worked-out system. it was not until the last period of his life that he found the time and the impetus to set down the whole which he did in two condensed papers written in French during a visit to Vienna.The more popular and less taxing of these was the "Principles of Nature and Grace Founded on Reason" which he prepared for Prince Eugène of Savoy and the second which he had been asked to write by the councellor of the Duke of Orleans Nicolas Remond but never sent off was the "Principles of Philosophy" or as he called it "Elucidation Concerning Monads" . The title by which that work is known today "Monadology" was not one that Leibniz ever gave it but was invented by the work's first editor Henrich Kohler who published it in a German translation under that title in 1720." Savile "Leibniz and the Monadology" pp. 3-4. "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 1646-1716 was one of the great thinkers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and is known as the last "universal genius". He made deep and important contributions to the fields of metaphysics epistemology logic philosophy of religion as well as mathematics physics geology jurisprudence and history. Even the eighteenth-century French atheist and materialist Denis Diderot whose views were very often at odds with those of Leibniz could not help being awed by his achievement writing in his entry on Leibniz in the Encyclopedia "Perhaps never has a man read as much studied as much meditated more and written more than Leibniz. What he has composed on the world God nature and the soul is of the most sublime eloquence. If his ideas had been expressed with the flair of Plato the philosopher of Leipzig would cede nothing to the philosopher of Athens." "Oeuvres complètes" vol. 7 p. 709 Indeed Diderot was almost moved to despair in this piece: "When one compares the talents one has with those of a Leibniz one is tempted to throw away one's books and go die quietly in the dark of some forgotten corner." "Oeuvres complètes" vol. 7 p. 678 More than a century later Gottlob Frege who fortunately did not cast his books away in despair expressed similar admiration declaring that "in his writings Leibniz threw out such a profusion of seeds of ideas that in this respect he is virtually in a class of his own." "Boole's logical Calculus and the Concept-script" in "Posthumous Writings" p. 9." SEP.Ravier: 357PMM 177b - being the Latin translation hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark50 000,00 DKK≈ 6 715,00 €

LEIBNIZ, Gottfried Wilhelm vonBiblio.com

Explication de l'arithmétique binaire.

1705153285Paris: Jean Boudot 1705. The foundation of binary arithmetic First edition of this momentous volume of the journal of l'Académie Royale des Sciences containing Leibniz's invention of binary arithmetic the foundation of the electronic computer industry. Binary notation reduces all numbers to expressions involving only 0 and 1. It was a topic that had interested Leibniz for over two decades. "This explanation of binary arithmetic was the first publication on this topic to result in a significant impact on the scientific community" Glaser History of Binary and other Nondecimal Numeration p. 39. Although other mathematicians had experimented with binary previous to Leibniz including Pascal Leibniz's paper was the first to have a notable influence on scientific thought. After its publication the binary system became a popular subject of study. As modern computing is based on the binary system the paper can be seen as the basis of computational science both theoretical and in practice. Leibniz had conceived of a calculating machine based on the binary system as early as 1679 but this was never constructed. Binary arithmetic had broader implications for Leibniz beyond just its mathematical function. "In the domain of mathematics Leibniz regarded binary notation as intrinsically superior to decimal notation. Over and above this advantage however he believed that it contained the key to resolving both the problem of conceptual primitives and the problem of adequate characters. If it could be established as Leibniz speculated from about 1679 onwards that the only truly primitive concepts were those of God and Nothingness or Being and Privation then the symbols 1 and 0 would form the basis for an adequate characteristic whose simplest signs would stand in an immediate relation to the two conceptual primitives" The Cambridge Companion to Leibniz pp. 236-7. This was the second of Leibniz's great trilogy of works on mathematics and computation following Nova methodus pro maximis et minimis 1684 his independent invention of calculus and preceding Brevis descriptio machinae arithmeticae 1710 his decimal mechanical calculating machine. Also included in the volume is Bernard Le Boyer de Fontenelle's Nouvelle Arithmétique binaire pp. 58-63 written as secretary of the academy which offers an editorial comment on Leibniz's paper. 2 parts in 1 vol. quarto 245 x 173 mm. Engraved frontispiece 11 plates of 12 of which 9 folding. Recased in contemporary black morocco rebacked and recornered fragments of original spine laid down with new red morocco labels gilt border to covers enclosing gilt arms of Louis XIV marbled endpapers reinforced in hinges gilt edges. Contemporary armorial bookplate on title verso. Binding firm contents a little toned title page excised at head plate 12 the heart of the American tortoise lacking sporadic light foxing; a very good copy. Ravier 166. unknown

Peter Harrington · Royaume-Uni12 500,00 £GB≈ 14 272,50 €

LEIBNIZ, Gottfried Wilhelm vonBiblio.com

Autograph letter signed to William Wotton in Latin.

1702168455Hanover: 25 April 1702. A meeting of minds in the Age of Enlightenment The opening letter of Leibniz's correspondence with William Wotton marking the beginning of the long-standing relationship between the two great polymaths. The letter draws attention towards a relatively understudied side of Leibniz his engagement with historiography and presents his reflections on the role of history as a "mirror for princes". Wotton 1666-1727 was an English theologian who wrote chiefly on history and theology. Among his major works are Reflections upon Ancient and Modern Learning 1694 and The History of Rome from the Death of Antoninus Pius to the Death of Severus Alexander 1701 - the latter later used by Gibbon. These caught Leibniz's attention prompting him to open correspondence. Leibniz thanks Wotton for gifting him a copy of his Roman history praising the work as "accurately elaborate" and presented in "an elegant book". He then compliments the breadth of Wotton's knowledge admitting that: "I almost couldn't believe that the author of the History was the same as he who produced that famous work comparing the learning of the ancients and moderns Reflections. For such different forms of erudition are unlikely to coexist in the same person. I can't thank you without also expressing my admiration". Leibniz had read the Reflections a contribution to the ongoing controversy concerning the merits of ancient and modern learning and sided with the moderns as did Wotton. Leibniz first heard of Wotton's works a few years before from his friend Thomas Burnett who acted as a source of English intellectual news for him and had previously introduced him to Locke. In the first part of the letter Leibniz also mentions Wotton's "extraordinary envoy" who delivered the book; this was James Cresset English ambassador for several north-German states and a friend of Leibniz. Leibniz reveals that soon after receiving the book he immediately brought it to court and showed it to Georg Ludwig Elector of Hanover and the future King George I of England. The prince who Leibniz notes was "fond of English literature" was already reading a copy with pleasure; Leibniz regrets that the recently deceased William III could not do the same. This occasion prompts the philosopher to reflect on the educational role of history as a mirror for princes: "It is an old saying that History is the school of princes but hardly another history could be a better teacher than yours in which the Caesars. are depicted almost as if to be admired on a canvas". The letter also exemplifies Leibniz's fluid and creative Latin style: "with this taste you have wonderfully stimulated my appetite which you can satisfy if anyone can". Wotton replied in July and their correspondence continued until Leibniz's death the two typically exchanging cultural news. Leibniz's fascination with history began very early and was concentrated on Germany. Work on the critical edition of his historical contributions started in 2019 and is ongoing. Around the time of this letter he was publishing collections of Medieval documents: Mantissa Codicis Juris Gentium Diplomatici 1700 and Accessiones historicae 1700. These were part of a wider project to collect materials for the publication of a history of Germany which was never realized. The letter is a witness to Leibniz's curiosity towards the works of English historians at a time when he was actively reflecting on these topics; it also testifies to the popularity of Wotton whose achievements are often overlooked by modern scholarship. A transcription of the letter is published in Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Sämtliche Schrifte und BriefenReihe I Band 21 2012 no. 137. Single sheet of laid paper 199 x 158 mm legibly written on both sides in brown ink attached to a later blank of wove paper. Lightly toned and foxed creased from folding Leibniz's hand clear and the ink unfaded. Overall in very good condition. unknown

Peter Harrington · Royaume-Uni48 000,00 £GB≈ 54 806,40 €

Theodicaea, Oder Versuch und Abhandlung, Wie der Güte und Gerechtigkeit Gottes, In Ansehung Der Menschlichen Freyheit, und des Ursprungs des Bösen, zu vertheidigen" Aus dem Frantzösischen übersetzt, Bei diesen dritten Auflage an vielen Orten verbesser...

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Theodicaea, Oder Versuch und Abhandlung, Wie der Güte und Gerechtigkeit Gottes, In Ansehung Der Menschlichen Freyheit, und des Ursprungs des Bösen, zu vertheidigen" Aus dem Frantzösischen übersetzt, Bei diesen dritten Auflage an vielen Orten verbesser...

Theodicaea Oder Versuch und Abhandlung Wie der Güte und Gerechtigkeit Gottes In Ansehung Der Menschlichen Freyheit und des Ursprungs des Bösen zu vertheidigen; Aus dem Frantzösischen übersetzt Bei diesen dritten Auflage an vielen Orten verbesser.

Godefridi Guilielmi Leibnitii Principia philosophiae more geometrico demonstrata:

ESSAIS DE THEODICEE, SUR LA BONTE DE DIEU, LA LIBERTE DE L’HOMME ET L’ORIGINE DU MAL. PAR MR LEIBNITZ. SECONDE EDITION.

Godefridi Guilielmi Leibnitii Principia philosophiae more geometrico demonstrata:

Tentamina Theodicaeae De Bonitate Dei Libertate Hominis Et Origine Mali / Latinè versa & Notationibus illustrata à M. D. L. (Barth. Des Bosses). Ab ipso Auctore emendata & auctiora. Tomus Primus (3 Parts, all). (Theodicy: Essays on the Goodness of God...

Tentamina Theodicaeae De Bonitate Dei Libertate Hominis Et Origine Mali / Latinè versa & Notationibus illustrata à M. D. L. Barth. Des Bosses. Ab ipso Auctore emendata & auctiora. Tomus Primus 3 Parts all. Theodicy: Essays on the Goodness of God.

Theodicee

OPERA OMNIA nunc primum collecta in Classes distributa praefationibus & indicibus exornata studio Ludovici Dutens.

Opera omnia. Nunc primum collecta, in classes distributa, præfationibus & indicibus exhornata, studio Ludovici Dutens [Louis Dutens].

Opera omnia, nunc primum collecta, in Classes distributa, præfationibus & indicibus exornata, studio Ludovici Dutens

Principia Philosophiae [i.e. ""The Monadology""/""Monadologie""/""Theory of Monads""] + (Chr. Wolff:) Das Herrn Gottfrid Wilhelm von Leibnitz Lehrsätze über die Monadologie &c... [In: Actorum Eruditorum, Supplementa. Tomus VII + Acta Eruditorum anno 1721]. - [THE MONADOLOGY - A NEW PHILOSOPHY]

Principia Philosophiae i.e. "The Monadology"/"Monadologie"/"Theory of Monads" Chr. Wolff: Das Herrn Gottfrid Wilhelm von Leibnitz Lehrsätze über die Monadologie &c. In: Actorum Eruditorum Supplementa. Tomus VII Acta Eruditorum anno 1721. - THE MONADOLOGY - A NEW PHILOSOPHY

Explication de l'arithmétique binaire.

Autograph letter signed to William Wotton in Latin.

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