Foucault

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Michel FoucaultBiblio.com

Du gouvernement des vivants : Cours au Collège de France 1979-1980

FOUCAULT, (JEAN BERNARD LEON).Biblio.com

Démonstration physique du mouvement de rotation de la terre au moyen du pendule. Commissaires MM. Arago Pouillet Binet. Sur une nouvelle démonstration expérimentale du mouvement de la Terre fondée sur la fixité du plan de rotation; par Léon F. - THE FIRST DEMONSTRATION OF THE ROTATION OF THE EARTH AND THE INVENTION OF THE GYROSCOPE

185144780Paris Bachelier 1851-52. 4to. Later blank wrapper. Extracted from "Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences" Vol. 32 and vol. 35. Foucault's papers: pp. 135-138 1851 vol. 32 pp. 421-424 1852 vol. 35 pp. 424-427 1852 vol. 35 pp. 469-470 1852 vol. 35 and p. 602 1852 vol. 35. First appearance of the papers in which Foucault presented his discovery of the proof of the rotation of the earth by the large pendulum called FOUCAULT'S PENDULUM. It was presented by Arago at the meeting of the Acadey of Scieces on February 3 1851 the first paper offered. In the third paper offered "Sur les phénoménes d'orientation des corps tournant entraînés par un axe fixe." Foucault presents his invention of the GYROSCOPE a freely spinning flywheel which constitutes a different method of demonstrating the rotation of the Earth; he furthermore correctly predicts the use of the gyroscope as a compass. The word "gyroscope" was coined by Foucault on p. 427 of the third paper taken from the Greek meaning "to look at the rotation".Since Léon Foucault's public demonstration of his pendulum experiment it has played a prominent role in physics physics education and the history of science. The Foucault pendulum is a long pendulum suspended high above the ground and carefully set into planar motion. The phenomenon described by Foucault1 concerns the orientation of the plane of oscillation of the pendulum. "The experiment with the pendulum caused great excitement at the time. Heracleides had first suggested twenty-two centuries before that the earth was rotating and Copernicus had renewed the suggestion three centuries before. Since the time of Galileo two and a half centuries before the world of scholarship had not doubted the matter. Nevertheless all evidence as to that rotation had been indirect and not until Foucault's experiment could the earth's rotation actually be said to have been demonstrated rather that deduced." "Continuing to experiment on the mechanics of the earth's rotation Foucault in 1852 invented the gyroscope which he showed gave a clearer demonstration than the pendulum of the earth's rotation and had the property similar to that of the magnetic needle of maintaining a fixed direction. Foucault's pendulum and gyroscope had more than a popular significance which continues to this day. First they stimulated the development of theoretical mechanics making relative motion and the theories of the pendulum and the gyroscope standard topics for study and investigation. Second prior to Foucault's demonstrations the study of those motions on the earth's surface in which the deflecting force of rotation plays a prominent part especially winds and ocean currents was dominated by unphysical notions of how this force acted. Foucault's demonstrations and the theoretical treatments they inspired showed conclusively that this deflecting force acts in all horizontal directions thus providing the sound physical insight on which Buys Ballot Ferrel Ulrich Vettin and others could build. DSB.PMM: 330 lists the offprint with the title "Sur Divers Signes Sensibles du Mouvement Diurne de la Terre" - Barchas Collection 738 the periodical version but only the first paper - Dibner No. 17 offprint version. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark22 000,00 DKK≈ 2 954,60 €

FOUCAULT, LEON (JEAN BERNARD LEON). - THE VELOCITY OF LIGHT DETERMINEDBiblio.com

Détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de la lumière; parallaxe du Soleil. Séance du Lundi 22 septembre 1862. Détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de la lumière; description des appareils. Séance du Lundi 24 Novembre 1862. 2 papers.

186249458Paris Mallet-Bachelier 1862. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l’Académie des sciences" Vol. 55 No 12 a. 21. Pp. 481--519 a. pp. 781-803. Entire issues offered. With title-page to vol. 55. Foucault's papers: pp. 501-503 a. pp. 792-796. Clean and fine. First printing of Foucault's famous experiments on the velocity of light with the description of his improved equipment the rotating mirror. Foucault's method was later developed by Michelson and Morley in their famous experiment in 1887."Foucault’s first experiment carried out in 1850 and written up in full in his doctoral thesis of 1853 was purely comparative; he announced no numerical values until 1862. Then with an improved apparatus he was able to measure precisely the velocity of light in air. This result significantly smaller than Fizeau’s of 1849 changed the accepted value of solar parallax and vindicated the higher value which Le Verrier had calculated from astronomical data. Foucault’s turning-mirror apparatus was the basis for the later determinations of the velocity of light by A. A. Michelson and Simon Newcomb."DSB.Leon Foucault used a similar method to Fizeau. He shone a light to a rotating mirror then it bounced back to a remote fixed mirror and then back to the first rotating mirror. But because the first mirror was rotating the light from the rotating mirror finally bounced back at an angle slightly different from the angle it initially hit the mirror with. By measuring this angle it was possible to measure the speed of the light. Foucault continually increased the accuracy of this method over the years. His final measurement in 1862 determined that light traveled at 299796 Km/s. Magee "A Source Book in Physics" p. 342 ff. and "Source Book in Astronomy" p. 282 ff. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark5 500,00 DKK≈ 738,65 €

Foucault

Du gouvernement des vivants : Cours au Collège de France 1979-1980

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Du gouvernement des vivants : Cours au Collège de France 1979-1980

Du gouvernement des vivants : cours au Collège de France 1979-1980

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Détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de la lumière; parallaxe du Soleil. Séance du Lundi 22 septembre 1862. Détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de la lumière; description des appareils. Séance du Lundi 24 Novembre 1862. 2 papers.

Détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de la lumière parallaxe du Soleil. (Séance du Lundi 22 septembre 1862). (+) Détermination expérimentale de la vitesse de la lumière" description des appareils. (Séance du Lundi 24 Novembre 1862). (2 papers).

E.S.A. : Aspects de l'agriculture européenne - Bulletin des Anciens de l'Ecole Supérieure d'Agriculture et de Viticulture n°381 décembre 1959

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Essai sur Ives de Chartres d'Après Sa Correspondence Classic Reprint French Edition

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