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[Slavery].Biblio.com

Kentucky manuscript legal documents in a suit over ownership of a young female slave and her infant daughter.

[Slavery].Biblio.com

Letter by a woman Morgan Caroline F.R. who owned a large Mississippi slave plantation asserting her legal right

1418106697 Letter Signed 2 pp. folio letter sheet stampless address leaf. Two full pages of text. Folds with a couple of small tears or holes at folds normal aging and browning; otherwise very good.The letter is by Caroline F.R. Morgan to A.J.Walker in Milton North Carolina. Probably written in another hand but apparently her own verbiage with underlinings for emphasis and corrections. A strong legal statement by the widow Morgan of her rights as administrator of the Estate of her "late lamented husband" and his father responding to a Doctor's claim in a property sale in Milton North Carolina. Stating equivocally that "I administered his estate" with "Double powers of attorney if I may so express myself" and refusing to send a copy of her husband's will which "I consider a foolish request" and "would not do…for only the small amount of property in Milton but not for the whole of Milton."Most slave-owning women in the antebellum South were the widows of slave plantation owners who relied on overseers to manage often distant estates. A very few were more actively involved in the business affairs of the estates they had inherited. In Yalobusha County Mississippi two widows owned plantations with hundreds of slaves. One of these was Sarah Childress Polk of Tennessee widow of the 11th President of the United States. But her slave-holdings were exceeded by those of 42 year-old Caroline Fitz Randolph Morford Morgan of Lynchburg Virginia. Born in New Jersey to the grandson of a Quaker founder of Princeton University she had married a Virginia medical student whose father owned much of the city of Lynchburg as well as having real estate and slave holdings throughout the South. When he died in March 1847 she was left with three children and vast property in which she took an active interest not common "for a woman of her time and station." While she had many charitable interests – she was a charter member of a Female Missionary Society – records indicate that she personally bought and sold slaves both for the Morgavin Plantation in Mississippi and for her Virginia properties owning more than 100 African-American men and women including one "Aunt Sally" aged 104. She remained a widow for two years until she re-married to a younger man a Doctor who had come to Lynchburg to treat her family and slaves during an epidemic of yellow fever. That marriage ended contentiously in the 1850s and by the start of the Civil War she resumed her legal status as an independent woman ahead of her time. Apparently impoverished by the War she died in 1883. gavegarden.org

Nicholas D. Riccio Rare Books & Prints · États-Unis4 500,00 $US≈ 3 807,45 €

[Slavery]: [California Gold Rush]: Cram, Charles HBiblio.com

Autograph Letter Signed from a New Englander Who Settled in Missouri Discussing the Clothing of Slaves Western Emigration His Next Move West and More

18604105Missouri: April 1 1860. Very good. 4pp. on a single folded sheet. Original mailing folds minor toning. An informative letter written by Charles H. Cram in Missouri to a friend in New England dated "April Fools Day 1860" in red pencil at the top of the first page. Cram mentions hoop skirts Pike's Peak and slavery while trying to decide whether to continue westward during the latter years of the California Gold Rush. Cram's letter reads in part: "Everybody is going to Pikes Peak but me. I think some of them will wish they were back again but they have got the gold fever and nothing else will cure them. I have learned better than to follow the biggest nois and the great rush. The emigrants to Pikes Peake will most of them will have to sleep on the ground and depend on the rifle for something to eat. I may start for Santa Fe about the first of June. I can git 15 dollars a month to drive a teem to Santa Fe. If I do cross the plains I shall go to California but if I have good health I shall stay here though I do not like to live in a slave state." In another portion of his letter Cram addresses his correspondent's question of whether slaves and freedpersons wore hoop skirts in Missouri. Cram writes: "You wanted to know if niggers wore hoops. Some do and some don't some slaves in broadcloth and silk and some go nearly naked. Slaves have there stent to do so much & if they do more they are payed for it. Most of them have a piece of ground that they call their own. What time they get they work on it. That is how they git their fine cloths. There is not a nigger in Missouri that works as hard as I do but I have consolation that I can work only when I am a mind to. You tell Albert not to start out among strangers as I did for he will find the people different in the country from them in New England." Cram then speaks to the emigrant populations he encounters out west as well as the agricultural bounty and animal life of Missouri: "The greatest difficulty I had was to learn the French and German language. I have been for weeks where I could not understand a word but now I can understand anything that comes along. But now for something else. The peach trees are in flower and the woods look green. Cattle and horses pick their living here the year round. I have not seen a barn in the country. The way to feed a horse is to tie him up to a tree and throw him a few ears of corn on the ground. I cannot rite to day much for there is half a dozen in the room talking about pikes peak or some young lady and how many negroes her father owns etc." Cram ends his letter with some advice for his friends back east: "Tell Mr. Bosworth that if he can rais $500 that he had better go to Cansas Kansas and go to farming. If you can persuade Andrew Marshall to go west it will be a good lesson for him." A mid-19th century manuscript letter with informative observations on the clothing of slaves and with notable observations of western life in Missouri. April 1 unknown

The Joe Fay Company LLC · États-Unis650,00 $US≈ 549,97 €

[Slavery]: [West Virginia]: [Virginia]: [Caesar Freeman]Biblio.com

Collection of Manuscript Legal Documents Involving a Monumental Court Case in Which Caesar Freeman a Manumitted Slave and His Family Sued to Re-Establish Their Long-Held Freedom in Early-19th-Century Virginia

182012624Virginia and Alabama 1820. Eight manuscript documents totaling sixteen pages. Typical mailing folds and handling wear. Very good. Manuscript records from an extraordinary court case in modern-day West Virginia in which a free person of color named Caesar Freeman also known as Ceasar Cesar or Black Cesar and his family defended themselves and then sued to re-establish their own freedom over twenty years after being manumitted by their owner who had attempted to use them as collateral for a loan after their manumission. The case took place in Greenbrier and Pocahontas counties in West Virginia. Pocahontas County is located on the Virginia-West Virginia border and at the time of these documents was located in Virginia; Greenbrier County is a bit further west. A few of these documents emanate from or relate to Franklin County Alabama where one of the deponents had moved by the time of the legal proceedings. The case is detailed in a small pamphlet entitledÂ Ceasar Mountain: Slavery and Freedom in Western VirginiaÂ by John Cohassey published in 2016. The opening paragraphs of said pamphlet provide excellent background on the case: â€œIn Pocahontas County West Virginia lore tells of an 18th century legal feud between landowners George Massingbird and Thomas McCarty. In 1796 Massingbird secured a loan from McCarty. Thirty-two days after entering the contract and in need of collateral Massingbird claimed that his freed slaves â€“ Cesar and family â€“ were still his property. Nearly two decades later Massingbird remained indebted to McCarty who demanding final payment sought ownership of the Ceasar Freeman family. From the outset of this financial arrangement the Freemans served as collateral for a loan that Massingbird had intended to pay without likely expecting that the transaction would jeopardize the familyâ€™s freedom. When legally threatened to make the final payment Massingbird stated truthfully in a deposition that he had freed Caesar and family after the date of his initial loan. A Virginia statute stipulated that any slave manumitted after the date of a contract was not subject to reenslavement. But at this point Massingbirdâ€™s motivation for changing his story likely had more to do with his preventing McCartyâ€˜s claim over the Freemans than to settle a debt that threatened him with serious legal consequences. Without money to pay McCarty upon the deadline of the debt Massingbird changed his story once again â€“ that Cesar and family had not been freed after the contract. This untruthful claim as in the initial loan now placed the burden on the Freemans to prove their status as free persons of color. Assisted financially by local whites Ceasar and family won their case. Learning that Massingbird had on two occasions claimed them as collateral the Freemans sued both Massingbird and McCarty. Victorious in court the Freemans were awarded land in a region where they once were slaves â€“ while the name of a nearby mountain was reputedly taken from their respected patriarch.â€ The mountain referred to here is known as Caesar Mountain in Pocahontas County. The present documents emanate from the case in 1819-20. Â Two of the earliest documents dated in October and November 1819 relate to McCartyâ€™s suit against Massingbird and mainly pertain to making sure Caesar and his family remain in the state. This included the jailing of Caesar and Sarahâ€™s daughter Nancy Ware whom Massingbird apparently still claimed as a slave. One chief aspect of the importance of these documents lies in the fact that Caesar and his entire family are listed by name as such: â€œCaesar Sarah his wife Nancy Adam Zachariah John Esther Jim Sally Abraham Elizabeth Martha & Rebecca Children of Caesar and Sarah who are persons of colour.â€ Also of particular interest is that one of the documents appears to be signed by both Caesar and his daughter Nancy with their marks the day after Nancy was released from jail. In the remaining six documents Caesar and his family as well as defendant McCarty work through the Virginia and Alabama courts to secure a deposition from James J. Mayers a trustee of the Massingbird-McCarty agreement which supposedly still held the Freeman family in bondage. These documents are dated between July 1819 and February 1820. The earliest of these documents is a summons for Massingbird McCarty and Mayers to appear in Greenbrier County court â€œto answer a bill exhibited against them by Caesar and Sarah his wife as well as their adult childrenâ€¦who are permitted to sue in forma pauperis.â€ This is an extraordinary document encapsulating the right of free persons of color to sue their former owners and others in court in Virginia in 1819 and representing the Freemansâ€™ fight for their continued freedom.Â The next document dated October 29 1819 contains testimony from George Massingbird confirming that â€œthe Petitioners the Freemans were emancipated by your respondent Massingbird prior to the contract made by your respondent with his codefendant McCartyâ€¦.â€ Finally the truth from Massingbird. In the third document dated the same day the trustee James Mayers asks to be dismissed from the case agreeing to all that was said by Massingbird in court. This was not enough for the courts or perhaps for one of the defendants Thomas McCarty. The final three documents dated between February and April 1820 further pertain to securing testimony from Mayers in the case. On February 21 1820 Virginia clerk John A. North addresses a one-page partially-printed form completed in manuscript to â€œany two Justices of the Peace for Franklin County State of Alabama.â€ The document was sent â€œon behalf of Thomas McCarty Defendant as of Caesar & other persons of colour Plaintiffs who are permitted to sue in forma pauperis.â€ The intentionof the document was to seek the help of Alabama officials in â€œexamining whatever witnessesâ€ they might have in the case. The next document is dated two days later and sent from McCarty to Caesar. Here McCarty informs â€œBlack Caesarâ€ that he intends to depose Mayers in Alabama on April 24 and that the deposition shall â€œbee red as evidence in the Chancery Court in a suit where you are plaintiff and myself and others are defendants.â€ Again a rare instance in which a white defendant writes to a Black plaintiff in the antebellum South involving the freedom of the latter. The final document chock full of detail on four folio pages contains the substance of Mayersâ€™ deposition indeed given on April 24 1820. Here Mayers discloses all he knows of Massingbirdâ€™s contrary claims involving the case including the fact that Massingbird told him two contradictory stories about the Freemanâ€™s manumission. Mayers professes that after Massingbird told him the whole truth of the matter he was â€œno little surprized at this declaration after what had taken place when application was made to draw the trust deed.â€ Sadly these four pages constitute the majority of Mayersâ€™ testimony but seem to end mid-sentence leaving the remainder of his testimony to the vagaries of time. Still the most important part of the story is told here: Massingbird emancipated Caesar and then lied about it when he couldnâ€™t pay his debts endangering the freedom of an entire family in the interest of cold hard cash. According to Cohasseyâ€™s 2016 pamphlet this testimony was â€œread aloud in courtâ€ and â€œno doubt revealed Massingbirdâ€™s duplicity in the matter.â€ Eventually Caesar and his family won the court case. Afterwards Massingbird deeded over 400 acres of land in Pocahontas County to the Freemans which apparently included Caesar Mountain. The Freemans lived out their remaining years as free people recorded in local tax lists between 1825 and 1843. unknown

The Joe Fay Company LLC · États-Unis9 500,00 $US≈ 8 037,95 €

[Slavery]: [Cuba]Biblio.com

Collection of Twelve Manumission Documents Liberating African and Criollo Slaves in Cuba

187312720Cuba 1873. Twelve manuscript documents on folio sheets approximately 8.5 x 12.5 inches all with official rubber-stamped seal. Small pinholes along left margin light wear occasional chipping to edges some ink bleed and light damp staining. Overall very good. A collection of documents recording the liberation or attempted liberation of numerous men women teenagers and a child from enslavement. The child is but seven years old while the remaining slaves range from fifteen to fifty-seven years old. The slave trade ended in Cuba around 1867 but the practice of owning slaves remained legal until 1880 and then was abolished completely by Spanish decree in 1886. Cuba was the penultimate country to outlaw slavery in the western hemisphere beating Brazil to formal abolishment by two years. Even before the official abolition of slavery in Cuba African or criollo slaves were manumitted by a variety of owners and at various costs as evidenced here especially after the practice of importing Chinese indentured servants began. Each of the present documents names the slaveholder and the slave granted "libertad" along with the cost in escudos or pesetas of that liberty. The slaves liberated here are as follows: 1 Luis criollo 7 years old for the sum of 28 pesos 2 Maria Antonia part criolla 20 years old for the sum of 2500 pesetas 3 Catalina morena de Africa 41 years old for c.200 pesetas 4 Lorenzo moreno criollo 21 years old for 2500 pesetas 5 Lucia morena criolla 15 years old for 320 pesos or 1600 pesetas 6 Frigidae "negro.de Africae" 56 years old 7 Augusto criollo 19 years old for 1750 pesetas 8 Marta criolla 16 years old for 1621 pesetas 9 Gil moreno de Africa 57 years old for 1500 pesos 10 Carmita morena criolla 20 years old for 1750 pesetas 11 Augustina Prieto morena criolla 30 years old for 1750 pesetas 12 Edwigio 39 criolla; Lazara 36 criolla; and Maria Leoncia 15 criolla for 2000 pesetas. These Cuban slave manumissions are offered with one 1844 manumission document liberating a slave in Spain totaling two pages and measuring about 8.5 x 13.5 inches. The document also has three rubber-stamped official seals at the head noting Isabella II. This document appears to free slave Nicolas 25 years old for the sum of 400 pesos and is signed November 5 1844. unknown

The Joe Fay Company LLC · États-Unis3 750,00 $US≈ 3 172,88 €

[Slavery]: [United Kingdom]Biblio.com

Large Silk Broadside of Crystal Palace Overprinted with a Satirical Scene Around the Outer Margins Involving the Impact of Slavery and British Colonialism

189012893N.p. likely London 1890. Lithograph on silk handkerchief approximately 24 x 24 inches with additional lithographed scene printed around the outer margins in brown and blue ink. Previously matted and framed with resultant edge wear and adhesive staining around margins. Old folds some foxing and staining in image area. Overall good plus condition. A very rare and impactful 19th-century British lithograph-on-lithograph the original a view of London's Crystal Palace with the addition of a satirical scene detailing the history of British colonialist activities in Africa. The overall scene is presented in four linear parts one across each mostly blank margin of the Crystal Palace scene; interestingly the two lithographs overlap each other at a few places along the short edge. The scene seems to begin with the part labeled "African Slave Trade" picturing two slave traders leading a chained procession of African slaves men women and children. The next edge is labeled "The Rescue" and shows three British soldiers including one bagpiper freeing the slaves who are pictured free of their chains and dancing and now detaining the two slave traders in chains. The third panel pictures two groups of Africans -- one group running to a rum dealer and another group listening to a man holding a book presumably a missionary preacher. This scene seems to allude to British activities in the West Indies. The final panel labeled "Civilization" is the most varied. It pictures a couple of British railway agents under the banner "Change for Timbuctoo;" a group of African men in Western garb one holding a sign reading "African Times;" an African man riding a bicycle; and a family scene of a man kneeling in front of a seated woman while he kisses her hand and a young man in the background sells matches. How civilized indeed. Each corner of the work is emblazoned with a British lion and the Union Jack amidst a field of African foliage and West Indian palm trees. The scene seems to celebrate the effects of British colonialism while ignoring the country's own history as slaveholders and traffickers the previous century. "The border panels of this printed cotton handkerchief caricature the impact of British colonial policy on Africa. It was probably produced at the end of the 19th century at a period when European colonial rule led to increasing social and political intervention in African societies. It illustrates the rescue of a group of slaves by a British military detachment and their subsequent 'westernization' through the introduction of European goods and commodities." This description comes from the online description of the only other example of this scene we can find which resides at the National Maritime Museum NMM at Greenwich London. The NMM example is printed on a blank cotton handkerchief in brown and red and is slightly smaller on one side than our example. Their dating is likely correct if for nothing else because of the depiction of a chain-driven bicycle which became popular in the UK in the 1890s. unknown

The Joe Fay Company LLC · États-Unis3 500,00 $US≈ 2 961,35 €

[Slavery]: [Virginia]Biblio.com

Manuscript Family Record of Josiah Worrell and His Descendants Written Within a Contemporary Book Recording Births Including Four Slaves

18353546Southampton Va 1835. Fair. 8pp. of manuscript plus a loose sheet of manuscript measuring 12.5 x 4 inches written within a book on family medicine. Book disbound lacking title page and first text leaf some gatherings and leaves loose or detached. Some age toning to manuscript leaves. A unique manuscript family genealogy for the Worrell family of Virginia as recorded by several hands in the margins and blank portions of two middle pages and on a few terminal and end leaves of a contemporary copy of a sammelband of two early American imprints -- The Family Adviser 1793 and John Wesley's Primitive Physic 1795 revised and corrected and on a single folded sheet folded and laid into the book. The entries within the book detail the births of the children of Josiah and Alice Worrell and sometimes their in-laws. An example of the former: "Lewis Worrell Son of Josiah Worrell & Alice his wife was born March 7 / 1774." And an example of the latter: "Polley Worrell wife of the said Lewis Worrell was born March the 9th / 1781." The entries continue much the same with the latest-dated entry reading: "Benj. Eldridge Worrell Son of Lewis Worrell & Temperance his wife was born June 21st 1835." Sometime presumably in the 1790s a member of the family also listed out a long accounting of the births of Josiah Worrell's children on a longer piece of paper folded into the present work. Titled in manuscript "Ages of Josiah Worrell's children" this sheet again begins with Lewis Worrell and lists a total of six members of the Worrell family. Most interestingly the bottom of this sheet also contains the births of four family slaves. This listing reads as follows: "Negro Ages. Ben was born the 8th day of June 1783. Solomon was born Dec. 20th 1785. Simon was born Feby. the 14th 1790. Isam was born the 20th Dec. 1792." The inclusion of the birth dates of four slaves is highly unusual in a family record of this type but remains valuable information on the lives of these four enslaved men owned by the Worrell family. unknown

The Joe Fay Company LLC · États-Unis950,00 $US≈ 803,80 €

[Slavery]: [Missouri]Biblio.com

Three Early Court Documents Concerning the Theft of Three Slaves in Howard County Missouri

18224276Howard County Mo 1822. Good. Three documents totaling 3pp. folio the two earliest documents written on each side of the same leaf with an integral blank and attached to the third document with sealing wax each document docketed on verso. Some short separations along folds minor spotting two short tape repairs. A series of three documents recording a case of slave theft in Missouri. The plaintiff in the case George W. Hardin sues a man named Urial Bailey for stealing three slaves from the Hardin estate in Howard County Missouri. The first document is a sworn oath dated May 23 1822 by George Hardin stating that "He was lawfully possessed of the negroes.and that the same were unlawfully taken by Urial Bailey.from his properties and with out his consent within one year last past and that he is now lawfully entitled to the possession of the said negroes." The document is attested by the clerk and signed by Hardin. The second document is executed by Hardin's lawyers on the verso of his oath dated the same day and constitutes an order from the court to the Sheriff of Howard County informing him that "George W. Hardin hath come into the Circuit Court held in the town of Franklin and found sufficient sureties as well as his clamour to prosecute for a certain woman called Dolly about the age of twenty eight years also one negro boy of about the age of nine years named Nathan also one negro girl called Eliza about the age of three years all the property of the said Plaintiff.which a certain Uriel Bailey.hath taken and unjustly detains. You are hereby commanded that the said goods.be delivered to the said George W. Hardin and that.Uriel Bailey appear before the said Circuit Court to be held at the town of Franklin." The third document is executed by Hardin's lawyers on the verso of his oath dated September 1822 and lays out the facts of the case. It reads in part: "George W. Hardin by his Attorney Tompkins & French complains of Urial Bailey that he took the previously named slaves of great value. To wit of the value of fifteen hundred dollars.where fore the said Plaintiff saith that he is injured and hath sustained damages to the value of five hundred dollars and therefore he brings suit." Interestingly in this document Hardin's lawyers refer to the youngest slave Eliza as a "mulatto girl." Docketing on the integral blank attached to the oath and lawyer's document dated May 23 1822 indicate that Hardin was seeking "Replevin Damages" of $500 which the court seems to grant. The motive behind Urial or Uriel Bailey's thefts are not recorded here but the issue of slave stealing was not uncommon and had been going on in the American colonies and the fledgling United States for a long time. According to Timothy F. Reilly in "Slave Stealing in the Early Domestic Trade as Revealed by a Loyal Manservant" published in Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association Vol. 55 No. 1 Winter 2004 pp.5-39: "Slave stealing plagued domestic slaveholders as far back as the colonial period when those who would unlawfully deprive a property owner of human chattel were detested as 'Negro jockeys.' Whether operating in the northern or southern colonies a 'man-stealer' lurking about either as a piratical thief or as a high-minded abolitionist was guilty of one of the worst crimes against the sanctity of property. By the 1830s man stealing reached epidemic levels in parts of the South." Despite the seeming prevalence of slave theft for a long period of time in the United States primary source records of court cases are very scarce. unknown

The Joe Fay Company LLC · États-Unis1 250,00 $US≈ 1 057,63 €

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