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Very Good French Contemporary 1/4 leather bdg. with marbled boards. Small 4to. (27 x 19 cm). 23 p. (11 p. in Ottoman script (Old Turkish with Arabic letters; 12 p. in French), with rare 4 folded maps. A very good copy. First and only edition of this extremely rare bilingual book in French and Ottoman Turkish, including the first records on the formation and characteristics of storms to explain how storms and hurricanes occurred, which route they followed, and how they were conveyed to the regions that need to be warned by telegraph, for the vessels sailing in the seas, by French expert Coumbary who was founded the Rasathâne-i Âmîre [i.e. Ottoman Imperial Observatory]. Both the original French and Turkish translations of the work were published together in one volume. The work also included four maps which were drawn for this work only. The first map shows the movement of a storm that occurred on March 8, 1865, the second one shows the occurrence between the Tropic Cancer and Capricorn whirlwinds, storms in the Atlas and Indian oceans, the movements in the Bay of Bengal, the storms in different directions in the China Sea, the Gulfstream, Grönland, and Azores. The second observatory in the Ottoman era was established for meteorology. Before this center was established, beginning from the Reformation (1839), many meteorological observatories were built by foreigners in various cities such as Istanbul, Smyrna, Trebizond, Tekirdag, and Merzifon both as private and public establishments. The very first known temperature readings are the meteorological observations made by the Priest Dalmas at the St. Benôit monastery between 1839-1847. Later William Lane, an Englishman who came to Istanbul during the Crimean War, made observations at the British Cemetery at Haydarpasa. W. Noe, director of the Mekteb-i Fünûn-u Sahane made observations at the house in Kalyoncukulluk where he lived until the Beyoglu Fire in 1848; and finally, it is known that French engineer Ritter, who was invited by the government for waterworks in Kuruçesme (1856-1860) also conducted meteorological observations. Observations on precipitation and humidity conducted between 1875-1892 by an amateur observer on the Thomson Farm in Erenköy are invaluable on the subject of Istanbul's climate. These observations have been published in Budapest in 1928. Excellent observations on heat, pressure, and humidity, made in the summer residence of the Russian ambassador on Büyükada have also been published, in Annales St. Petersburg. In 1858, the French government established the first observatory communicating data over the telegraph, and in 1863, by compiling meteorological data in France, the French National Meteorological Network started operations. In 1868, upon the recommendation of the French government, the Rasathane-i Âmire was founded to convey meteorological forecasts to certain centers by telegraph. Instruments were purchased from leading European factories, and operations started on top of a hill 74 meters high on Pera. The first director was Mr. Aristide Coumbray, who came to Istanbul to renovate the telegraph network. (Instruments commissioned from France were set up at Mr. Coumbary's home, which stood at the garden of the Swedish Embassy. The observatory was later moved after its offices were prepared.) Coumbary represented Turkey in the first international meteorology congress, convened in Wien five years later in 1873. Rasathane-i Âmire worked by the same system as the National Meteorology Center in France. In the observation books of 1868 (August-November), names of affiliated stations are given to us Soulina, Köstence (Constantia), Varna, Burgaz, Valona, Elbasan, Durazzo, and Beirut. Later, stations in Izmir, Diyarbakir, Baghdad, and Fao were also added. The observatory founded by Aristide Coumbary in 1868 in Istanbul, operated until the end of the First World War. Özege 5735.; TBTK 7688, 10862.; Not in OCLC.
Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Full leather new bdg. Original illustrated cover saved inside. Roy. 8vo. (24 x 17 cm). In Ottoman script (Old Turkish with Arabic letters). [12], 166, [2] p., b/w and color plates of Ottoman warships and scenes from naval wars, seven maps of the earliest examples of Ottoman cartography. Very rare second edition of this book on the history of Ottoman naval wars against Venetians began with the Crete campaign (War of Candia) in 1645 and lasted for years until 1656. The book was published first in 1729 in Müteferrika Printing House which was the first printing house in the Islamic world as the third printed book. This is the second edition including five maps of almost the same size (two paged) titled world map, The Mediterranean, The Archipelago (Aegean), The Adriatic Sea, and the compass-like in its first edition as well as two maps and twenty-six plates (some of them are color) and small illustrations of Ottoman ships as head of some carriage returns. Additional maps depict the city of Venice (from Kitab-i Bahriye [i.e. Book of Navigation) and the travels of Ottoman Admiral Sidi Ali Reis through the Sea of Oman. The Cretan War or the Fifth Ottoman-Venetian War, was a conflict between the Republic of Venice and her allies (chief among them the Knights of Malta, the Papal States, and France) against the Ottoman Empire and the Barbary States because it was largely fought over the island of Crete, Venice's largest and richest overseas possession. This account of Ottoman maritime warfare in Turkish, written in Safer 1067/November 1656. This date places the book in a moment of utmost danger for the Ottoman capital following the defeat of the Ottoman navy at the hands of the Venetians at the Dardanelles (4 Ramadan 1066/26 June 1656) and the subsequent loss of the islands of Lemnos and Tenedos. It is also written shortly after the appointment of Köprülü Mehmed Pasha as grand vizier (25 Dhulqada 1066/14 September 1656). Thus it is suggested to read it as a program of reform of the navy intended for a person whom Hadji Khalfa might have seen as the "man of the sword" who might revert the fate of the Empire. Of the four ulemâ [i.e. scholars] who wrote endorsements for the book, two are closely related to the Köprülü family. The first part is a history of Ottoman maritime campaigns from the beginning to 1067/1656, while the second is a systematic description of naval affairs, from administration and offices to shipbuilding, culminating in a list of 40 suggestions for the organization and strategy of the Ottoman navy, including the use of recent scientific and technological innovations. Thus the juxtaposition with history provides an argument for reform. Suggestions are largely centered around the traditional qanun-i qadim; there is no reference to high-board ships. The final pages include an important discussion of historical causality, explaining how divine omnipotence creates the consequence of historical causes, in reward for the righteous rule, or punishment of injustice. (Source: Ottomanhistorians). Özege 21273.
Very Good Turkish, Ottoman (1500-1928) Original handsome brown quarter leather binding with Ottoman lettered gilt to spine. Five raised bands to spine, separated from each other with lined gilt. Slight stains on the title page. Else a fine copy. Roy. 8vo. (23 x 16 cm). In Ottoman script (Old Turkish with Arabic letters). 99 p. Hegira: 1313 = Gregorian: 1895. Extremely rare first printed edition of this one of the earliest travel accounts, of an Ottoman admiral's early expeditions to the Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf to counter Portuguese piracy and attacks on Muslim pilgrim ships, which describes the lands he has seen during his voyage from India to Constantinople by Sidi (Seydi) Ali Reis (1498-1563) sent by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent covering the years 1553-1556. During these naval wars, after two marine battles against the Portuguese fleet and a great storm named The Elephant Typhoon (Tufan-i Fil) by the locals, Reis' remaining six galleys drifted to India. The fleet was unserviceable, resulting in his return home overland with 50 men. Reis then arrived at the royal court of the Mughal Emperor Humayun in Delhi, where he met the future Mughal emperor Akbar, who was twelve years old at the time. He returned to the Ottoman Land over Muslim states in South Asia; Afghanistan, Central Asia, and Iran. But he delayed his return because of the war between the Ottoman and the Safavid Empires in Iran. Finally, following the treaty of Amasya in 1555, he was able to return home and present his book of this narrative journey to the Sultan in 1557. This work offers an extensive insight into the Muslim situation in 16th century South and Central Asia and the Middle East, Islamic navigation, and Turkish - Portuguese relations as well as Persian, Afghan, and Indian geography, naval routes, flora, and fauna. Seydi Ali Reis, formerly also written Sidi Ali Reis and Sidi Ali Ben Hossein, was an Ottoman admiral and navigator. Known also as Katib-i Rumi, Galatali, or Sidi Ali Çelebi, he commanded the left wing of the Ottoman fleet at the naval Battle of Preveza in 1538. He was later promoted to the rank of fleet admiral of the Ottoman fleet in the Indian Ocean, and as such, encountered the Portuguese forces based in the Indian city of Goa on several occasions in 1554. Seydi was able to unite several Muslim countries on the coast of the Arabian Sea (such as the Makran Kingdom, Gujarat Sultanate, and Adal Sultanate) against the Portuguese. He is famous today for his books of travel such as the Mir'ât ül Memâlik [i.e. The Mirror of Countries], and his books of navigation and astronomy, such as the Mir'ât-i Kâinât (Mirror of the Universe) and the Kitâb ül Muhit: El Muhit fî Ilmi'l Eflâk ve'l Buhûr [i.e. Book of the Regional Seas and the Science of Astronomy and Navigation] which contain information on navigation techniques, methods of determining direction, calculating time, using the compass, information on stars, sun and moon calendars, wind and sea currents, as well as portolan information regarding the ports, harbours, coastal settlements and islands in the various regions of the Ottoman Empire. His books are translated into numerous languages including English, French, Italian, German, Greek, Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Russian, and Bengali, and are considered among the finest literary works dating from the Ottoman period. "When Sultan Suleiman had taken up his winter residence in Aleppo, I, the author of these pages, was appointed to the Admiralship of the Egyptian fleet and received instructions to fetch back to Egypt the ships (15 galleys), which some time ago had been sent to Basrah on the Persian Gulf. But, 'Man proposes, God disposes.' I was unable to carry out my mission, and as I realized the impossibility of returning by water, I resolved to go back to Turkey by the overland route, accompanied by a few tried and faithful Egyptian soldiers. I traveled through Gujarat, Hind, Sind, Balkh, Zabulistan, Bedakhshan, Khotlan, Turan, and Iran