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1396798161.Ghardcover. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. hardcover
16013683Salamanca: S.n. 1601. First edition. Signed at foot by a municipal officer Diez de la Puente. One-page contemporary manuscript on p. 3 relating to the administration of the tax. Unbound as issued. Pinholes at gutter some edge chipping and small dents brown stain affecting the upper portion throughout. Otherwise a good well-preserved copy. First edition. Signed at foot by a municipal officer Diez de la Puente. One-page contemporary manuscript on p. 3 relating to the administration of the tax. Unbound as issued. 4 last 2 blank p. <p><br /> Unrecorded 1601 ordinance from Salamanca enforcing the Armada-era servicio de millones Spain’s foundational fiscal levy.<br /> <p><p><br /> Printed ordinance issued by the municipal council of Salamanca implementing the royal tax known as the servicio de los dieciocho millones. In accordance with the royal cédula of 9 February 1601 the Concejo Justicia y Regimiento instructs subordinate towns and villages to collect an eighth part of all wine and olive oil sold to be remitted through a chain of local receivers. The text regulates how wine and oil must be measured recorded and taxed forbids additional repartimientos and orders prompt transfer of funds to the city’s main treasury. Dated at Salamanca 10 March 1601 and naming four municipal commissioners appointed for its execution it represents the earliest stage of local enforcement of Philip III’s fiscal scheme transforming the national levy into a functioning municipal excise. A contemporary handwritten endorsement below the text signed by Diez de la Puente attests its execution. Accompanying the printed ordinance is a contemporary manuscript headed on p. 3 “Dudas que se ofrecen en la administración de las sisas†listing practical questions concerning the execution of the tax—registration and measurement of goods roles of administrators and receivers form of payment penalties and conditions of tax farming arrendamiento.<br /> <p><p><br /> The servicio de los dieciocho millones formed part of the broader system of millones taxes created by the Cortes of Castile to meet the Crown’s desperate financial needs after the prolonged wars of Philip II. The servicio de millones had first been introduced by royal request and approved by the Cortes on 4 April 1590 conceived to raise eight million ducats over six years to finance the royal expenditure associated with the Armada campaign against England and other military commitments. Rather than remaining temporary it evolved into a regular levy on six staple items—wine oil vinegar meat soap and tallow candles—collected through local sisas and eventually forming the backbone of Castile’s fiscal structure. By 1600–1601 under Philip III the scheme was renewed and expanded to eighteen million ducats its collection entrusted to municipal governments such as Salamanca’s Concejo Justicia y Regimiento. As described in Bartolomé Yun Casalilla’s Sobre la transición al capitalismo en Castilla this marked a transition from feudal income to a centralized fiscal system financed through municipal taxation embedding local economies within the machinery of the Habsburg war state. The present ordinance captures this process of consolidation—when the monarchy sought tighter control over municipal revenues demanded proper accounting and remittance of surpluses and aimed to prevent arbitrary over-taxation—reflecting both the fiscal strain and administrative centralization characteristic of early-seventeenth-century Spain.<br /> <p><p><br /> Reference: Yun Casalilla B. 1987. Sobre la transición al capitalismo en Castilla: EconomÃa y sociedad en Tierra de Campos 1500–1830. Valladolid: Junta de Castilla y León ConsejerÃa de Educación y Cultura.<br /> <p>. [S.n.] unknown
20152-8429128042Editorial Reverté S.A. 2015. Hardcover. New. Spanish language. 9.45x6.77x1.02 inches. Editorial Reverté, S.A. hardcover
087810030X.Gpaperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback
19822091502135700777San'ichishobo 1982. Soft Cover. Fine. The book is in fine condition. San'ichishobo paperback
19582091502135411305Kadokawashoten 1958. Soft Cover. Fine. Number of books: 1 Kadokawashoten paperback
19552111902160600082Japanese Folk Culture Research Institute 1955. Soft Cover. Fine. The book is in fine condition. Japanese Folk Culture Research Institute paperback
2000Q-4820232037Japan Bible Society 2000-12-01. Tankobon Hardcover. New. In shrink wrap. Looks like an interesting title! Japan Bible Society hardcover
19722091202133106062San'ichishobo 1972. Soft Cover. Fine. Volume: 1 San'ichishobo paperback
19732091502135702124San'ichishobo 1973. Soft Cover. Fine. The book is in fine condition. San'ichishobo paperback
19892110502151001711San'ichishobo 1989. Soft Cover. Fine. Volume: 1 San'ichishobo paperback
19892111902160306487San'ichishobo 1989. Soft Cover. Fine. Number of pages: 1119 pages Size: A5 size San'ichishobo paperback
19352083002116200058Common trading company bookstore Naoaki Fukui 1935. Soft Cover. Fine. The book is in fine condition. Common trading company bookstore Naoaki Fukui paperback
1295084783.Gpaperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback
20052080502106917150Not Available 2005. Soft Cover. Fine. The book is in fine condition. Not Available paperback
1143692810.Gpaperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback
DADAX027430399XWentworth Press 2018-07-30. hardcover. New. 6.14x1.44x9.21. Buy with confidence. Excellent Customer Service & Return policy. Wentworth Press hardcover
027430399X.Ghardcover. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. hardcover
0274131048.Ghardcover. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. hardcover
1145287638.Gpaperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback
a23059Paris 1871. French newspaper published in support of the Paris Commune issue for May 10 1871. Single folio sheet printed on both sides. Several references to Gambon Delescluze Arnaud. Reports of arrests military reports etc. Near Fine. unknown
0365383597.Gpaperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback
0365383619.Ghardcover. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. hardcover
0243184980.Gpaperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback
1333732929.Gpaperback. Good. Access codes and supplements are not guaranteed with used items. May be an ex-library book. paperback
