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Instituto Internacional de Teoria y Critica del TeBiblio.com

Reflexiones Sobre Teatro Latinoamericano Del Siglo Veinte: Estudios Teoricos Tercer Teatro Teatro Politico Teatro De Dramaturgas Analisis De Espec Spanish Edition

GERHARDT, CHARLES - THE THEORY OF TYPES AND RADICALSBiblio.com

Recherches sur les Acides organiques Anhydres. Presentées à l'Academie des Sciences les 17 mai et 14 juin 1852.

185343123Paris Victor Masson Imprimerie de Bachelier 1853. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf raised bands gilt spine. Light wear along edges. Slightly rubbed. A small weakness to upper part of fronthinge. Small stamps on verso of titlepage and on verso of plates. In "Annales de Chimie et de Physique" 3me Series - Tome XXXVII. 512 pp. and 3 plates. The entire volume offered. Gerhardt's paper: pp. 285-342. Light scattered brownspots. First printing of an importent paper in which Gerhardt introduced the concept of "type" in organic chemistry in order to understand all substitution reactions."Gerhardt adopted Laurent's nucleus or unitary theory and combined it with the theory of types and radicals. In 1852 he discovered the anhydrides of organic acids and explained their structure by an extension of the water type of Williamson. He further proposed that all organic compounds could be related to one of four inorganic types: water hydrogen hydrogen chloride and ammonia. These types could be used to explain most organic reactions as double decompositions. Since Gerhard felt that the formula of organic compounds never ecpressed the actual structure of the molecule but only its reactions he was satisfied with this theory and carried it no farther. However it was a great advance in systematization and helped to bring order into the confused field of organic reactions."Leicester & Klickstein "A Source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900" p. 351."Gerhardt will occupy a permanent position in the history of Chemistry for his services to organic classification for his concept of homology for his preparation of acid anhydrides and for his reform of equivalents."DSB V p. 374.The volume contains further importent papers Marcelin Berthelot "Sur la Bichlorhydrate D'Essence de Térébenthine" pp. 223-230 by Arago Edmond Becquerel etc.etc. hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark2 000,00 DKK≈ 268,60 €

LE VERRIER, URBAIN JEAN JOSEPH - A CONFIRMATION OF THE GENERAL THEORY OF RELATIVITYBiblio.com

Recherches sur L'Orbite de Mercure et sur ses Pertubations. Détermination de la Masse de Vénus et du Diamètre du Soleil;

184342922Paris Imprimerie de Bachelier 1843. 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Journal de Mathématiques pures et appliquées.Publié par Joseph Liouville" tome VIII. Pp. 273-360. Clean and fine. First appearance of Le Verrier's provisional theory on the motion of Mercury his studies of which eventually did much to demonstrate the validity of Einstein's Theory of Relativity. The planetary orbits should agree with the predictions of the General Theory of relativity but as Einstein pointed out in his "Erklärung der Perihelbewegung des Merkurs aus der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie" from 1915 the divergences predicted were too small to be observed except in the case of the nearest planet Mercury where the perihelion advance according to the formula reaches the value of 43"" per 100 years being in full agreement with the calculations of Le Verrier who found this unexplained rest in the perihelion advance of Mercury per century if the perturbations due to the other planets are deduced.- Einstein tells in a letter to a friend that for several days he was in a 'state of delirious joy' by this wonderful astronomical confirmation of his theory."Le Verrier first began to study Mercury on the suggestion of Arago in 1840. Astronomers realized that Mercury's perihelion the point at which the orbit of a planet is closest to the sun advanced along its orbit at a rate of 566 seconds per century. Le Verrier calculated that even when taking into account the forces exerted by other planets in the solar system there still existed a discrepancy between calculation and observation. Le Verrier's accurate calculations showed that the planet's perihelion.did indeed advance forty seconds of an arc per century more than could be accounted for by Newton's theory of gravitation even after the minor pertubing effects of the other planets had been allowed for." Asimov. - Le verrier published these findings in the present work carefully as to the mass of the planet comparison with other orbits of planets and their perihelia. At the time Le Verrier put down the discrepancy to mis-observation or mis-calculation.- Sparrow Milestones of Science No. 133. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark8 500,00 DKK≈ 1 141,55 €