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FER (Nicolas de);Livre Rare Book

Les Environs de Rome.

Fer, de NicolausBiblio.com

Le Royaume de Naples - Par N. de Fer. Geographie de Monseigneur le Dauphin. A Paris chez lÂ’Auteur sur le Quay de lÂ’Orloge ala Sphere Royale. Avec Privilege du Roy 1705. Fer de Â– Kingdom of Naples · Copper Engraving Hand Colored · Introduction Ã la GÃ©ographie Paris · 1705

170515703Paris: N. de Fer 1705. Other. In excellent condition. 223 by 335mm 8 by 13 inches. 223 by 335mm 8 by 13 inches. Original antique hand-colored copper engraving published 1705. Depicting Kingdom of Naples this map is a fine example of 0s European cartography. Image: 223 by 335mm 8 by 13 inches. An attractive and historically significant 18th-century map for the discerning collector. Nicolas de Fer 16461720 was a prominent French cartographer engraver and publisher based in Paris. After inheriting his father's mapmaking business de Fer built it into one of the most productive cartographic firms in France eventually becoming Geographer to King Louis XIV of France and King Philip V of Spain. His output was prolificmore than 600 sheet maps town plans and atlasescovering Europe the Americas and beyond. De Fer's maps are known for their decorative cartouches attractive hand coloring and commercial appeal though they were sometimes criticized for prioritizing artistry over accuracy. His maps are particularly associated with the campaigns of the War of the Spanish Succession and are sought by collectors for their decorative quality.This decorative map show the Southern part of Italy with Sicily. Inside the map are many place names rivers mountains etc. engraved. In the upper right corner we see the title cartouche. In the lower right corner we see an inset map which shows the island Sardinia. At the bottom are two mileage scales.A fine example from Introduction à la Géographie Paris sought after by collectors of antique maps of Italy antique maps of Kingdom of Naples and antique hand-colored copper engravings for sale. In very good condition. Light age-toning to the sheet as expected for a 18th-century map. N. de Fer unknown

Antiquariat Reinhold Berg ek · Allemagne240,00 $US≈ 203,06 €

Nicholas de FerBiblio.com

La Californie ou Nouvelle Caroline Teatro De Los Trabajos Apostolicos De La Compa. E. Jesus En La America Septe…

1720NL-01644This exquisite and scarce map was published in Paris in 1720. The maker Nicolas de Fer was one of the most prolific and influential French cartographers of the late 17th and early 18th centuries who worked for the French King and dauphin crown prince.The map depicts the most iconic cartographic myth in the European exploration of the Americas: California as a large island. This notable misconception impacted the accuracy of mapmaking for centuries and full acceptance that California was part of the continental mainland was not achieved until the mid-18th century.But why 'Nouvelle Caroline'We can actually start at the eastern edge of the map where we see the great Mississippi River emptying into the Gulf. At first its position seems somewhat anachronistic as it follows an antiquated 17th-century notion of the Mississippi Delta located far to the west. Cartographers began rejecting this configuration after French explorer Sieur de la Salle navigated the entire lower river in 1682. Yet De Fer's choice to position the delta further west was in fact a keen political move executed in service to his patron the dauphin. By positioning the Mississippi so far west as to include it in this map he automatically implies a significantly enlarged French Louisiana even if it remains unseen.The French were gradually beginning to encroach on the silver-rich regions in Upper Mexico which at that time belonged firmly to New Spain. But a great upheaval had recently taken place in Spain altering the entire political landscape of Europe. When the Spanish King Charles II died in 1700 this closed the chapter on the powerful dynasty of the Spanish Habsburgs following a long period of decline. When power subsequently transferred to Charles' nephew Phillipe of Anjou who became Philip V of Spain it passed from the Habsburgs to the Bourbons to which the French kings belonged. It was almost a personal victory for De Fer as Philip was the son of the French dauphin who in turn was De Fer's main patron.A political element of cartographic land grabbing is echoed in the map's title which refers to the island as 'California or New Carolina' Nouvelle Caroline. This bold new proposal for an alternate name was loaded with political meaning. Following the Spanish succession some still challenged Philip's claim just as some feared an amalgamation of French and Spanish interests and power in the New World. De Fer's maps were part of the counter-propaganda touting the ambitions of his patrons as fact to exaggerate their global influence. While the term 'California' was very much tied to the envisioned island renaming the entire region Nouvelle Caroline New Carolina would make borders more fluid and national ownership less defined.Beneath the title De Fer has included extensive text that constitutes an invaluable record of late 17th century missions and Indian villages in this remote part of the New World. The inclusion of this text helped cement De Fer's map as a seminal contribution to West Coast cartography. The mapmaker seems to have been well aware of the importance of this annotation as he surrounded it with fascinating vignettes depicting scenes of Native American life and the abundance of the land. He further compliments these scenes with depictions of fauna in the lower-left corner including an aardvark a sloth and a pelican or spoonbill set around the scale bar.Census and detailsLa Californie ou Nouvelle Caroline was published in the Atlas ou recueil de cartes gegraphiques. It is not only one of the most significant depictions of the California island theory but also its largest separate i.e. regional representation on a printed map. It is essentially an enlarged and far more focused version of his Californie et Nouveau Mexique published twenty years prior in L'Atlas Curieux ou le Monde.De Fer's California maps drew on information provided by the Jesuit missionary Father Eusebio Kino who traveled throughout the region in the 1680s and 90s and made extensive observations including the compilation of his own maps. We know that Kino was a significant source because the map's title is taken directly from his original expedition notes and important discoveries made by Kino – such as the mouth of the St. Thomas River discovered in 1684 – have been copied directly onto De Fer's map from his original. The source is hardly a secret: De Fer uses the inset text in the upper right corner to note how his work was drawn from a map that came via the Viceroy of New Spain to the Academie de Sciences in France. The text also provides a history of California's exploration and subjugation up until 1695 – including the initial discovery of Baja California by Hernan Cortes – further underscoring the original author.De Fer made several significant changes for the present map. He plots more than 300 towns and villages including many locations on the mainland and in what today is known as New Mexico and southern Arizona. The toponyms generally confirm the influence of Father Kino. Among the many places listed we find the ruins of Casa Grande identified by Kino in 1694 and appeared on this map for the first time. Important towns like San Diego Santa Fe and Mexico City are noted clearly if not prominently. We even see the first inkling of the settlements that soon would grow into Tucson and Phoenix. The spelling of many of the place names also changed on this new map just as De Fer incorporated the first Indian toponyms along the Gila River.While the southern coastline is relatively accurately documented there are almost no place names present along the northern mainland or on the eastern side of the island reflecting how little was known about this region at the time. Along California's exterior coast we do find some toponyms in many cases related to the coves and inlets that ships would have frequented. Yet even at this early stage we are already seeing multiple toponymic references to Saint Francis San Francisco in Spanish in the island's northern part.Turning to the toponyms of the northern interior we find Gran Quivira which refers to the legend of Cibola or the Seven Cities of Gold supposedly discovered by the Spanish explorer Francisco Vasquez de Coronado in 1539. While we know this terminology from many iconic early West Coast charts like Cornelis de Jode's famous map of the Northwest Pacific 1593 the myth had such pervasive power that the notion persisted well into the 18th century. In this case it has even been complimented by a second quasi-mythological eldorado reference in the toponym Gran Teguaio Coqui. This term originates from the Benevides Memorial 1630 which describes it as rivaling Quivira in wealth.ContextBetween 1500 and 1747 confusion ensued over whether or not California previously documented in medieval folklore as a mysterious island filled with an abundance of gold was considered part of a series of various mythical islands in an unknown ocean. The "island theory" was perpetuated by Spanish explorers including Juan de la Fuca who suggested in reports published in 1592 that the large opening identifying the mouth of Mexico's Baja peninsula joined a grand bay in the northern part of the continent.In 1622 Henry Briggs produced a map based on these reports and the travels of Samuel Purchas. Published in London Briggs' map was accompanied by an article that referred to California as a large island off the coast of Newe Spaine. This "island" appeared to have a rough and rocky coastline complete with smaller islands offshore. Brigg's map became the standard outline for depicting California's insularity and was copied and incorporated onto the maps of influential publishers and geographers throughout Europe.Father Kino would eventually dispel the Island of California myth when he discovered Baja California was indeed landbound. Father Kino published this insight in Paris in 1705 some fifteen years before our map was issued quickly becoming the authoritative source for rejecting the island hypothesis. The notion stubbornly persisted despite Kino's publication of his latest observations and map. In addition to influential French cartographers like Nicolas de Fer and Philippe Buache one of the great English mapmakers of the period Herman Moll remained convinced of California's insularity. He even went so far as to claim that he had met sailors who had circumnavigated it. Soon however even the most ardent defenders would have to yield when Ferdinand VII of Spain decreed California to be a peninsula in 1747.Cartographers:Nicolas De Fer 1646–1720 was a French cartographer and geographer who also worked as an engraver and publisher. He was renowned for his massive output and his pleasant visual designs. He was the son of a Parisian cartographer and began apprenticing at an early age. By twelve however he shifted his apprenticeship to the closely associated field of engraving – a move his father no doubt encouraged as it might enhance his competitive position on the market with his son as a trained engraver.De Fer's father died in 1673 but Nicolas did not take over the company until 1687 at which point it had been virtually run into the ground. Nevertheless Nicolas had a knack for business and soon turned things around. By 1690 he was so successful that he won employment as the official geographer to Louis Le Grand Dauphin of France and son of the reigning French king Louis XIV. Soon after with support from the Spanish and French courts De Fer was appointed the official geographer for King Louis XIV. In 1720 shortly before his death he was even appointed royal geographer to Philip V king of Spain.De Fer's popularity in the Bourbon royal circles was primarily due to his appreciation of the propagandistic effects of strategic cartography. But no doubt his keen sense of aesthetics helped as well. Whatever the case his maps were hugely popular well-funded and widely distributed. He was impressively productive publishing over 600 sheets from his atelier and covering everything from town plans to world maps. Many of his maps rode the political conjunctures of the age. Hardly would a territory have been won or surrendered before De Fer's atelier was working on a map delineating the new realities.

Neatline Antique Maps · États-Unis7 500,00 $US≈ 6 345,75 €

REAUMUR René Antoine FERCHAULT (Seigneur de)Livre Rare Book

L'ART DE CONVERTIR LE FER FORGE EN ACIER ET L'ART D'ADOUCIR LE FER FONDU ou de faire des ouvrages de fer fondu aussi finis que de fer forgé

1722152321722 reliure plein veau havane in-quarto carré (binding full calfskin in-quarto), dos 5 nerfs (spine with 5 raised bands) - entre-nerfs à double filets or à fleuron au fer évidé et rinceaux aux angles avec des petits fers en remplissage (between the raised bands double gilt lines - floweret with hollowed out blocking stamp - with foliages executed in the curved lines in angles - with small blocking stamp in filling) - pièce de titre comportant le titre abrégé de l'ouvrage sur fond havane clair (label of the title with the title abbreviated by the work) - rinceaux en tête et en pied (top and at the foot of spine with foliages carried out with the curved line), petits manques de cuir sur le dos (missing pieces of leather on the spine), coiffe supérieure légèrement accidentée (head of the spine damaged), coiffe inférieure manquante (is missing tail of the spine), charnière du quatrième plat fortement épidermée jusqu'au carton (joint of the back cover with strongly scratches up to the cardboard), coins de queue fortement écornés (corners of the bottom strongly dog-eared), roulettes à froid sur les coupes (fillets with blind-stamping decoration on the cuts), toutes tranches peignées (all painting edges), pages de garde peignées (painting endpapers), texte à manchette (marginal note), illustrations : orné de bandeaux - lettrines et de culs-de-lampe et gravures hors-texte (illustrations : illuminated of headpieces and dropped initials and of tailpieces and illustrations full page engravings), cicatrices de mouillures (scars of waterstains), galeries de vers en particulier en fin d'ouvrage atteignant le texte mais sans conséquence sur sa compréhension (worm's gallery in particular at the end of work on the text but without consequence on its understanding), 9 feuillets de pièces liminaires (9 leaves of introductory pieces) + 566 pages + 1 feuillet (1 leaf), 1722 à Paris Chez Michel Brunet - Grand'Salle du Palais au Mercure Galant,

Librairie Guimard · Nantes, France1 500,00 €

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