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International Commercial Law InstituteBiblio.com

International Commercial Law Volumes 18-25

CLAUSIUS, R (RUDOLF). - THE HEATH-DEATH OF THE UNIVERSE - ESTABLISHING THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICSBiblio.com

Ueber eine veränderte Form des zweiten Hauptgesatzes der mechanichen Wärmetheorie.

185443057Leipzig Johann Ambrosius Barth 1854. No wrappers as extracted from: "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff" Vierte Reihe Bd. 3 = Poggendorff Bd. 93 No. 12. Pp. 481-506. Clean and fine. First printing of this milestone paper in thermodynamics which together with his paper from 1850 established the second law of thermodynamics. In the offered paper Clausius introduces the symbol T for the universal function of temperature a 1 and he introduces the concept of "entropy" the greek word for 'transformation' but without using the word Clausius introduced the word later in 1865 he calls this new theorem "the principle of the equivalence of transformations". This principle paints a dramatic picture of the end of the world the so-called "heath-death of the universe"."Entropy on the other hand of the complementary experience of water seeking its own level of hot bodies cooling of springs untensing of magnetism wearing off and electrical charges leaking away of a destiny suchThat no life lives forever; - That dead men rise up never; that even the weariest river Winds somewhere safe to sea: a world getting old and running down."Gillespie in "The edge of Objectivity" p. 400-01."Clausius discovered that if he took the ratio of the heat content of a system and its absolute temperature this ration would always increase in any process taken place in a closed system. A closed system is one that loses no energy to the outside world and gains no energy from it. With perfect efficiency which is never realized in the real world of course the ratio would remain constant but i would never under any circumstances decrease."Asimov. - Parkinson: Breakthroughs 1854 C. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark10 000,00 DKK≈ 1 343,00 €

Guicciardini (Guicciardin), Francesco (1482-1540) (translated By Geoffrey Fenton)Biblio.com

The Historie of Guicciardin Guicciardini Containing the Warres of Italie and Other Partes Continued for Manie Yeares Under Sundrie Kings and Princes. With a Table at Large Expressing the Principall Matters. Reduced Into English By Geffray Fenton.

1599007232London: Richard Field 1594 1599. Second English Edition . Quarter Calf. Good. 943 X. Quarter Calf. Second English Language Edition. Folio. Quarter Calf Over Marbled Boards. Pages 10 3/4" Tall All Three Edges Watered. Leather Is Quite Worn Joints Cracked Frayed At Corners With Small Losses Paper Covering The Boards Is Partly Worn Away At Edges. Lacks Initial Blank. Contemporary Gilt And Embossed Compartmented Spine. Signs Of Removed Bookplate On Front Pastedown. Hinges Cracked But Firm. Title Page With Complex "Anchora Spei" Ornamental Engraving Missing Lower Right Corner About One Square Inch Total With No Loss Of Text Or Ornament. Text Divided Into Twenty Books With Woodcut Ornaments And Initials For Each; Unpaginated Ten Page Table Index At End. Dedication To Queen Elizabeth I By Fenton. Small Waterstains Showing Irregularly At Bottom Of Some Pages Well Below Text Block. First Page Missing Lower Corner Adjacent To Spine With No Loss Of Text. Light 1/2" Ink Smear P. 8 With No Loss Of Text. Page 49 Mis-Numbered 53 Otherwise Correct. Page 57/58 With Two Inch Tear At Bottom Extending 1/2" Into Text Block With No Loss Of Text. Small Chip To Side Of Text Block On P. 135/136 Not Affecting Text. Page 161 Mis-Numbered 155 Otherwise Correct. One-Eighth-Inch Hole Through P. 209/210 Affecting One Letter. A Few Letters Near Bottom Of P. 212 Apparently Once Obliterated Or Misprinted Carefully Restored In Ink. About One And A Half Square Inches Of Lower Left Corner Of P. 235 Missing With No Loss Of Text Block But Loss Of Most Of Gloss Note At Bottom Of P. 235 X3. One-Eighth-Inch Hole At Top Margin Of P. 271/272 With Loss Of One Letter Of Gloss Note. One Eighth Inch Hole P. 327/328 With Loss Of A Letter On Each Page. There Are No Pages 460 Through 500; The Tenth Book Ends On Page 459 Rr As It So States In The Text And The Eleventh Book Begins On P. 500 P. 501 Is Rr2. One Quarter Inch Foxing Spot Pp 535-544 At Upper Left Margin At Edge Of Page Not Affecting Text. Page 584 Mis-Numbered 588 Otherwise Correct. Page 593 Mis-Numbered 597 Otherwise Correct. Pp599-603 Bbb3--Bbb4 Somewhat Browned. One Sixteenth Inch Spot Pages 641-643 Obscuring A Letter On Each Page. A One-Eighth-Inch Hole And Singed Margin Through Page 673/674 Causing Loss Of One Or Two Letters On Each Page 673-674. A Small Stain Spot Extending Through Pp713-721 Another Few Pp723-725 Without Obscuring Text. Small Stain P 736 Not Obscuring Text. There Is No Page 787-788; A Reading Of The Text On Pages 786 And 789 Indicates That The Text Is Complete Regardless. Page 798 Is Mis-Numbered 799 Otherwise Correct. Apparently A Former Water Stain Now Invisible Obscured A Few Letters On P. 802; These Have Been Re-Inked. De Sanctis Has Written " From The Point Of View Of Intellectual Power It Is The Most Important Work Ever To Come From An Italian Mind." A Printing And The Mind Of Man Title. First Published In 1561 Twenty One Years After Guicciardini's Death. Fenton's English Translation Was First Printed In London In 1579 And Went Through Three Editions In Fifty Years. The First Edition Of 1594 Is Rarely Seen. This Copy Is Still Quite Readable. London: Richard Field (1594) unknown

Arroyo Seco Books · États-Unis1 543,50 $US≈ 1 305,96 €

DULONG, (PIERRE) & (ALEXIS) PETIT - THE "LAW OF DULONG AND PETIT" ANNOUNCEDBiblio.com

Recherches Sur la Mesure des Températures et sur les Lois de la communication de la chaleur. Introduction. Suite des Recherches sur la Mesure des Témperatures. Seconde Partie. Des Lois du Refroidissement. Suite Des Recherches sur la Mesure.

181743914Paris Crochard 1817. Contemp. hcalf richly gilt spines. Light wear at top of spine. Minor scratches to edges. Small stamps on verso of titlepages and verso of plates. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." tome 7 2e Series. 448 pp. a. 2 engraved plates. the entire volume offered. Dulong & Petit-papers: pp. 113-154 pp. 225-264 pp. 337-367. Clean and fine. First edition of these 3 groundbreaking papers with the first appearance in print of THE LAW OF THE CONSTANCY OF ATOMIC HEAT i.e. the specific heat multiplied by the atomic weight. The insight had far reaching implications as it showed a new way to Dalton's atomic theory."In 1815 Dulong's famous collaboration with the mathematical physicist Alexis Therese Petit began; it produced three importent memoirs on heat." the papers offered here. The 2 first was awarded the price of the Academy in 1818 and was leading up to the last paper in which they formulted the "Law of the Constancy of product of atomic weight and specific heat""They Dulang and Petit were concerned with the specific heats of elements; but if these elements really existed as atoms it seemed possible that there might be a connection between trhe weight of the atom and the amount of heat aquired to raise the temperature of a given weight of that element by a certain amount." DSB. - "One of his Dulong most importent researches was made in collaboration with Alexis Thérese Petit 1791-1820 with whom he announced the law that the product of atomic weight and specific heat is constant 1819. It rendered a distinct service in fixing atomic weights especially when these were in question and enabled Berzelius and later Cannizzaro to arrive at correct atomic weights and the correct number of atoms in molecules." Leicester & Klickstein A source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900 p. 273. - Parkinson Breakthroughs 1819. unknown

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark9 500,00 DKK≈ 1 275,85 €

DULONG, (PIERRE) & (ALEXIS) PETIT - THE "LAW OF DULONG AND PETIT" THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ATOMIC WEIGHT AND ATOMIC HEAT ESTABLISBiblio.com

Recherches Sur la Mesure des Températures et sur les Lois de la communication de la chaleur. Introduction. Suite des Recherches sur la Mesure des Témperatures. Seconde Partie. Des Lois du Refroidissement. Suite Des Recherches sur la Mesure.

181747356Paris Crochard 1817 a. 1819. Bound in one contemp hcloth vol. 7 and 1 issue without wrappers. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique Par MM. Gay-Lussac et Arago." Vol. 7 and vol. 10 Cahier 4. - 448 pp. a. 2 engraved plates entire vol. 7 offered pp. 337-443 a. 2 engraved plate entire issue offered Cahier 4 of vol. 10 with htitle to the vol. Dulon & Petit's papers: pp. 113-154 pp. 225-264 pp. 337-367 and Vol. X pp. 395-413. First edition of these 4 groundbreaking papers with the first appearance in print of THE LAW OF THE CONSTANCY OF ATOMIC HEAT i.e. the specific heat multiplied by the atomic weight. The insight had far reaching implications as it showed a new way to Dalton's atomic theory. "In 1815 Dulong's famous collaboration with the mathematical physicist Alexis Therese Petit began; it produced three importent memoirs on heat." the papers offered here. The 2 first was awarded the price of the Academy in 1818 and was leading up to the last paper in which they formulted the "Law of the Constancy of product of atomic weight and specific heat""They Dulang and Petit were concerned with the specific heats of elements; but if these elements really existed as atoms it seemed possible that there might be a connection between trhe weight of the atom and the amount of heat aquired to raise the temperature of a given weight of that element by a certain amount." DSB. "One of his Dulong most importent researches was made in collaboration with Alexis Thérese Petit 1791-1820 with whom he announced the law that the product of atomic weight and specific heat is constant 1819. It rendered a distinct service in fixing atomic weights especially when these were in question and enabled Berzelius and later Cannizzaro to arrive at correct atomic weights and the correct number of atoms in molecules." Leicester & Klickstein A source Book in Chemistry 1400-1900 p. 273. Parkinson Breakthroughs 1819. hardcover

Herman H. J. Lynge & Søn A/S · Danemark9 500,00 DKK≈ 1 275,85 €