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DUBERTRET, L./WEULERSSE, JAntiquariat.de

Manuel de Geographie - Syrie, Liban et proche Orient (Premiere Partie: La Peninsule Arabique)

BURAK KUNTAY.MareMagnum

Major shift: The change in U.S. foreign policy during the 2003 Iraq war era and Turkish - U.S. relations.

New English Paperback. Roy. 8vo. (23 x 17 cm). In English. [x], 280 p. Major shift. The change in U.S. foreign policy during the 2003 Iraq war era and Turkish - U.S. relations. Turkish-U.S. relations became more intense during the Cold War era. The parameters of the Cold War were different than today. The world system was bipolar, divided under this balance of power. By joining NATO and taking its place in the western bloc, Turkey found itself standing on the western side and allied with the United States against the Soviet Union. Until the end of the Cold War, the U.S. policy makers focused on Turkey in only one specific dimension: Turkey's problems with Cyprus or the Cuban Missile Crisis had mattered for the U.S. only within the wider picture of the U.S. policy concerning the Soviet Union. U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War was using this approach not only with respect to Turkey. There was a tradition in U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War to engage with countries as they related the Soviet Union and the balance of power. After the Cold War, just like everything else, U.S. foreign policy had changed. The world was no longer bipolar, but unipolar. The balance of power system crumbled, it left in its spot a hegemonic world order. In this era, U.S. foreign policy was also trying to reshape itself according to the new parameters of the world. The World Trade Organization (WTO), NATO, the EU and all other international organizations were evolving while the nations were changing their foreign policies. The 9/11 terrorist attacks were one of the biggest tragedies in the world's history. On that morning the world's new order and its new rules began to shape. The new alliances, parameters, and engagement rules started to be designed. Being the world's authority and facing the historic tragedies pushed the U.S. the take some extreme actions in order to express its foreign policy. The new foreign policy of the U.S. was shaped under these unusual circumstances. Before the parameters of the new era were shaped, the U.S. had to take immediate actions to design its foreign policy. The newly elected George W. Bush government consisted of the neoconservative ideologist who served in the George Bush Senior's administration shaped the new foreign policy values after the Cold War. The neoconservative ideology adopted itself to the post-9/11 era. In this new era actions of the U.S. foreign policy makers were influenced by neoconservative thought. The neoconservative foreign policy was based on realism and the unilateral approach made the military option more important in foreign policy than diplomacy. The new approach in U.S. foreign policy also affected America's immediate relations with other countries and in this case with Turkey. Turkey, by taking its side with the western world during the Cold War, has found itself in very critical situations. Turkey's immediate foreign policy concerns had never been the priority for the U.S. during the Cold War era. Starting from the Cuban Missile Crises, through the Johnson and the continuation of the Cyprus crisis, Turkey's immediate foreign policy concerns were always underestimated by the U.S. due to the parameters of the Cold War. Yet, Turkey never abandoned the alliance with America during and after the Cold War, especially right after the Cold War. Turkey cooperated with the U.S. in many different fields in order to take its place in the new world order. The immediate post-Cold War era was a very fortunate time for Turkey and the U.S. The two countries had common interests. In addition to military cooperation in Europe and Africa, Turkey joined with the U.S. during the Gulf War. Turkey could be considered the most cooperative country with the U.S. during the entire Gulf War. Even though Turkey's security and economic concerns became major questions in Turkish public opinion, the country never stepped out from the partnership. Obviously, Turkey was not the only side valuing th

Bookshop Khalkedon Books, IOBA, ESA · Istanbul, TR13,91 €

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