Very Good Tatar Original wrappers. Roy. 8vo. (24 x 17 cm). In Tatar and Kiptchak Turkish with Arabic letters. 204, 4 p. Occasionally stains and foxing on covers, chipped upper margin on front cover. Otherwise a very good copy. First and only edition of Bigiev's work on fasting and feasts of Islam. In a broader sense, the book includes Muslim prayer and fasting in the northern regions of Russia, as well as ijtihad [i.e. Physical or mental effort, expended in a particular activity) is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a legal question], the creation of Adam, Dhu'l-Qarnayn [i.e. Alexander the Great], imitation, freedom of mind, comparison, and naskh issues are discussed. Bigiev (sometimes known as Luther of Islam), was a Tatar Hanafi Maturidi scholar, theologian philosopher, publicist, and one of the leaders of the Jadid movement. After receiving his education in Kazan, Bukhara, Istanbul, and Cairo, he became a political activist for the Ittifaq, the political organization of the Muslims of Russia. He also taught in Orenburg, wrote journalistic texts, and translated classic works into Tatar. After emigrating from the Soviet Union, he traveled Europe and the Middle and the Far East while writing and publishing. This is the early and one of his most important texts which include his ideas that have become his manifesto and thoughts as a leader of the Russian Muslims. In 1708, the Khanate of Kazan was abolished, and Kazan became the center of a guberniya. After Peter the Great's visit, the city became a center of shipbuilding for the Caspian fleet. The major Russian poet Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin was born in Kazan in 1743, the son of a poor country squire of Tatar ancestry though himself having a thoroughly Russian identity. Kazan was largely destroyed in 1774 as a result of the Pugachev revolt, a revolt by border troops and peasants led by the Don Cossack ataman (captain) Yemelyan Pugachev, but was rebuilt soon afterward, during the reign of Catherine the Great. After the Russian Revolution of 1905, Tatars were allowed to revive Kazan as a Tatar cultural center. The first Tatar theater and the first Tatar newspaper appeared. On May 27, 1920, the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of the RSFSR was declared. Under Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union began to place restrictions on the use of the Tatar language, which used a variant of Arabic script. The Tatar alphabet switched to Cyrillic. OCLC 34253246, 83652445, 556971767.; TBTK 6143.; Özege 22332.
