285 résultats
169555736Amsterdam: Be-veit ha-meshutafim Asher Anshil ben Eliezer ve-Yisakhar Ber ben Avraham Eliezer/ Moses Wiesel 1695. First edition. Hardcover. g to near fine. Small folio 30 by 18.8 cm. Collation: aleph-vav4 zayin2 = 26 numbered leaves. Full period brown paper boards re-backed with a brown leather spine with raised bands.<br /> <br /> Letterpress title-page with ornate floral woodcut device; additional engraved title-page mounted depicting Moses and Aaron along with six small biblical scenes within round borders all against an architectural background. Engraved folding map at rear mounted; main title with woodcut vignette; 14 half-page engraved illustrations in the text.<br /> <br /> This gorgeously illustrated work is the first edition of the famous and highly influential Passover Haggadah printed in Amsterdam in 1695. Simply known as the Amsterdam Haggadah this edition stands as among the most imitated and copied haggadahs in history and was the first to be illustrated with copperplate engravings. Previous illustrated haggadahs had used woodcuts. The popularity of these illustrations can be attested by the huge numbers of reprint editions over the centuries. There are 14 finely printed large in-text engravings plus the full page engraved title page showing Moses Aaron and Adam in the Garden of Eden. Some of these images illustrate the traditional content of the Passover seder and/or the exodus story while some are other biblical stories less directly related. Images include: the Rabbis of Bene Brak discussing the Passover story the four sons Abraham smashing the idols of his father Abraham welcoming the three angels Moses slaying the Egyptian overseer the rescuing Moses from the river Moses and Aaron coming to Pharaoh w/ staves turning to snakes the ten plagues the Egyptian army drowning in the Red Sea the Exodus the receiving of the Ten Commandments at Mt. Sinai the eating of the Pascal Lamb King David composing his psalms and finally an exterior view of the Holy Temple with the cityscape of Jerusalem in the background. All images are captioned underneath with relevant passages in Hebrew. The engravings were all created by Abraham ben Jacob a German convert to Judaism who had moved to Amsterdam although some sources over the years misattributed them to financier Moses Wiesel 6 of which were adaptations and/or modifications of previous images by Swiss artist Matthäus Merian 1593-1650 from his original work "Icones Biblicae" 1625-30.<br /> <br /> In addition to the in text engravings there is famously a phenomenal fold-out engraved biblical map of the holy land. Measuring a total of 19.5x11.5" the map shows the land of Israel the Sinai desert and Egypt in landscape orientation looking eastward towards the top of the map. It traces the journey of the Israelites starting with the Exodus from Egypt through the desert and into the Land of Israel. The map is detailed showing the areas of the twelve tribes important locations and cities as well as geographic features including the Red Sea Mount Sinai the Dead Sea the Sea of Galilee and many others. The map is decorated with additional illustrations near the bottom and includes a key. This beautiful work also by Abraham ben Jacob is considered among the earliest if not the first map of its kind to be printed within a Hebrew publication. It is now known to have been heavily based on the previously printed 1620 map in Hebrew by Jacob ben Abraham Zaddiq and Abraham Goos 1590 - ca. 1643 which itself was based on the map of 1590 by Christian Kruik van Adrichom Adrichem printed in Latin.<br /> <br /> Text throughout is printed in Hebrew with smaller text in Rashi script underneath containing famous commentary on the Passover Haggadah by acclaimed Portuguese Rabbi and scholar Isaac ben Judah Abarbanel 1437-1508. The verso of the title page contains the order of the Passover seder with brief instructions in both Ladino Judeo-Spanish and Yiddish Judeo-German a nod to the subtitle of Haggadah which references the both Ashkenazi and Sephardic traditions.<br /> <br /> This copy with binding in beautiful condition with being professionally restored includining spine re-backed to style. Book block tight. Interior with some staining to pages throughout from use. Binding in very good to near fine inteiror in good condition overall. Hebrew title: סדר הגדה של פסח ×›×ž× ×”×’ ××©×›× ×– וספרד <br /> Alternate transliterations: Seder Hagadah shel Pesah Seder Hagadah sel Pesah<br /> <br /> References: Friedberg 278 Fuks HTN II 521; Yudlov Haggadah 93; Vinograd Amsterdam 627; Ya'ari no. 59; Laor 876 Map; Nebenzahl pp.138-1389 Map; Yerushalmi plate 59-62; Rosenau "Vision of the Temple" p.135 146-7. Be-veit ha-meshutafim [Asher Anshil ben Eliezer ve-Yisakhar Ber ben Avraham Eliezer]/ Moses Wiesel hardcover
1603228104Antwerp: Abraham Ortelius 1603. unbound. very good. Map. Engraving with original hand coloring. Image measures 13.25" x 18.25".<br/><br/> Beautifully colored map of Croatia. Shows place names topographical and geographical features a compass rose and a ship in the Adriatic. Latin text on verso. From "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum". Light scattered stains to margins and cartouche. Minor abrasion to upper right. A few small chips and tears to edges. Abraham Ortelius 1527--1598 a Flemish cartographer and geographer is widely regarded as one of the important and influential cartographers in history. He is known for his "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum" which was the first modern atlas.<br/><br/> Abraham Ortelius unknown books
1603228104Antwerp: Abraham Ortelius 1603. unbound. very good. Map. Engraving with original hand coloring. Image measures 13.25" x 18.25".<br/> <br/> Beautifully colored map of Croatia. Shows place names topographical and geographical features a compass rose and a ship in the Adriatic. Latin text on verso. From "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum". Light scattered stains to margins and cartouche. Minor abrasion to upper right. A few small chips and tears to edges. Abraham Ortelius 1527--1598 a Flemish cartographer and geographer is widely regarded as one of the important and influential cartographers in history. He is known for his "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum" which was the first modern atlas. Van den Broecke 145<br/> <br/> Abraham Ortelius unknown
160864956Ingolstadt, Gedruckt in der Ederischen Truckerey, durch Andream Angermeyer [Andreas Angermaier], 1608. 4°. Mit Holzschn.-Titelvignette. 1 Bl., 30 S., Geheftet (ausgebunden; ohne Einband).
1606m1300Antwerp: Published in "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum" c. 1606. Copperplate engraving. Old colour some darkening along c/f otherwise very good. 14" x 19-1/2. Based on Gastaldi's double sheet map. Shows Romania Bulgaria and western Turkey. Impressive oversized cartouche. Ortelius was one of the great Flemish cartographers of the 16th Century and produced what is considered to be the first modern world atlas. Van den Broecke 159 Published in "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum",
161213928Antwerp: Juan Baptist Vrients 1612. Other. In excellent condition. 340 by 500mm 13 by 19 inches. Original copper engraving published 1612 in the famous Vrients-edition of the Theatrum Orbis Terrarum. Finely hand-coloured in wash and outline. Two maps on one doublepage plate each one of them showing a title cartouche at the top centre. Villages and towns are shown as miniature views as well mountains and rivers are shown. The both maps are engraved after Wolfgang Lazius. This example is in very decorative colours and in excellent condition however the hand colour is probably done by a later hand. On the full sheet as published. The detailled map on the Duchy of Tirol is mainly showing South Tirol with the area Insbruck Trient the Lago de Garda towards Verona in the South. The other map is showing the area Carniola Istria and the so called "Windisch Mark". Ortelius was born on 14 April 1527 in the city of Antwerp which was then in the Habsburg Netherlands modern-day Belgium. The Orthellius family were originally from Augsburg a Free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1535 the family had fallen under suspicion of Protestantism. Following the death of Ortelius's father his uncle Jacobus van Meteren returned from religious exile in England to take care of Ortelius. Abraham remained close to his cousin Emanuel van Meteren who would later moved to London. In 1575 he was appointed geographer to the king of Spain Philip II on the recommendation of Arias Montanus who vouched for his orthodoxy. He travelled extensively in Europe and is specifically known to have traveled throughout the Seventeen Provinces; in southern western northern and eastern Germany e.g. 1560 15751576; France 15591560; England and Ireland 1576; and Italy 1578 and perhaps twice or thrice between 1550 and 1558. Beginning as a map-engraver in 1547 he entered the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke as an illuminator of maps. He supplemented his income trading in books prints and maps and his journeys included yearly visits to the Frankfurt book and print fair where he met Gerardus Mercator in 1554. In 1560 however when travelling with Mercator to Trier Lorraine and Poitiers he seems to have been attracted largely by Mercator's influence towards the career of a scientific geographer. Wikipedia Broe. 116 Juan Baptist Vrients unknown
1660R7BROWN2009<p>The Hague: Adrian Vlacq 1660. Hardback contemporary blind-panelled full-calf. Large folio. 41cm x 25.5cm. Text in French. 108pp. Title with engraved coat-of-arms vignette lacking the folding portrait of Charles II with 6 double-page engraved plates by David and Pierre Philippe and Theodor Matham after Jacob Toorenvliet and Adriaen van de Venne. 1st edition 1660. Binding is rubbed and worn. Bookplate of William Bolitho Ponsandane and Christopher Rowe to front pastedown. A small engraved coat-of-arms pasted over small tear to title page. Some light marginal water staining. Scarce. A heavy book additional postage may be required for orders outside the UK. r7. Hard Cover. Good.</p> Adrian Vlacq hardcover
1602902209AGAntwerpen, [1602]. Kupferstich 36,5 x 49,5 cm, Blattgröße 40 x 54,5 cm.
1663I1TG729PBDLDAntwerp: Marcelis Parijs 1663. Later boards covered with decorated paper. 8vo. Third edition of a handbook on the plague by Eduardus Putman enlarged and improved by Abraham Lenertsz Vrolingh. The first edition was published in 1603 in Amsterdam a second in 1646 in Zaandam. The present edition was most likely designed so that it could also be bound with Der matroosen ghesontheyd an account of scurvy by Vrolingh. In the preface Vrolingh states that by joining the two works both sailor and soldier would benefit from the knowledge.Putmans manuael seeks the cause of the plague in astrology holding Mercury responsible for the illness in the whole body and other planets for specific regions of the body such as behind the ears Saturn and the moon in the armpits Mars and the sun and in the groins Venus and Jupiter. It also discusses the influence of the four elements: water fire earth and air. Other subjects covered are the plague in pregnant women and a description of various symptoms such as headache heart palpitations thirst fever and diarrhoea followed by suggested treatments selected from experience. Most of the medicines pills and powders are made from plants and herbs such as nettle rhubarb rosemary and camomile. With the bookplate of Van der Hoeven. Owner's manuscript note on flyleaf.l BMN I p. 209; Dijstelberge "Plague and print" 1663/8; STCN 3 copies; STCV 1 copy; cf. Krivatsky 9325 1603 Amsterdam & 1646 Zaandam eds. Marcelis Parijs, hardcover
169718401697 Réunion de plusieurs ouvrages ou chez Frédéric Léonard, Paris, 1697 ou Adrian Moetjens, La Haye, 1697. In-12, plein vélin époque.9 ff, 223 pp, 1 ff, 68 pp, 88 pp, 103 pp, 36 pp, 94 pp, 24 pp, 68 pp, 24 pp, 5 pp .2 planches dépliantes
1603299062Antwerp: Abraham Ortelius 1603. unbound. Map. Engraving with hand coloring Image measures 14" x 18 3/4". Staining toning and chips to margins but otherwise is good condition.<br/><br/> Beautiful early map of Provence and part of Languedoc from the Rhone river to Monaco. Strap work cartouche and scale with two ships complete the design. Abraham Ortelius 1527--1598 a Flemish cartographer and geographer is widely regarded as one of the important and influential cartographers in history. He is known for his "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum" which was the first modern atlas. Van Den Broecke 47<br/><br/> Abraham Ortelius unknown books
1670989Paris 1670. Etching and engraving on cream laid paper 6 3/4 x 4 15/16 inches 170 x 123 mm narrow margins. In very good condition with extremely minor areas of light discoloration in the areas of the sheet corners. Adhered to archival board. The inscription below the image roughly translates to This is the portrait of Guillery who was a great thief stealing from a woman. unknown
1667016836London: Printed by James Cotterel 1667. Book. Good condition. Hardcover. First Edition. Quarto 4to. Two works bound in one volume. "Poems" iii 68 pages of text. Heavily browned and irregularly discolored with some minor early marginalia with several corners or small chips repaired. "A Sermon." v 30 pages; Printed for Brabazon Aylmer London 1683. Title continues ".Chappel Octob. 29. 1682." Wing 2nd ed.; M685. There are a few small stains but the text reamains clean and in excellent condition. Bound in circa 1840 three quarter leather with marbled paper-covered boards; minor to moderate ubbing and shelfwear to the binding. Both of these are highly uncommon rarely offered on the market. Both are first editions. While these measure only 8 inches in height they are indeed quartos. Printed by James Cotterel Hardcover books
1667016836London: Printed by James Cotterel 1667. Book. Good condition. Hardcover. First Edition. Quarto 4to. Two works bound in one volume. "Poems" iii 68 pages of text. Heavily browned and irregularly discolored with some minor early marginalia with several corners or small chips repaired. "A Sermon." v 30 pages; Printed for Brabazon Aylmer London 1683. Title continues ".Chappel Octob. 29. 1682." Wing 2nd ed.; M685. There are a few small stains but the text reamains clean and in excellent condition. Bound in circa 1840 three quarter leather with marbled paper-covered boards; minor to moderate ubbing and shelfwear to the binding. Both of these are highly uncommon rarely offered on the market. Both are first editions. While these measure only 8 inches in height they are indeed quartos. Printed by James Cotterel Hardcover
166849552Londini London: Typis T. Roycroft 1668. First edition 8vo xxxiv 420 pp. Portrait frontispiece. 19th century quarter parchment somewhat marked and with some scuffing to the upper board red morocco label. A posthumous collected edition - Cowley having died the year before - with a life by Thomas Sprat his literary executor. Wing C6680. Londini [London]: Typis T. Roycroft unknown
1656AR20GTBK2210London: Printed for Humphrey Moseley 1656. Hardback recent quarter leather marbled paper covered boards. New end-papers. 30cm x 18.5cm. 3 70pp. Decorative initials and headpieces. From the first collected edition. A few small marks to page 69. Scarce. ar20. Hard Cover. Very Good. Printed for Humphrey Moseley Hardcover
1603213571Antwerp: Ortelius Abraham 1603. unbound. very good. Map. Engraving with original hand coloring. Image measures 13" x 18.25".<br/><br/> Fine antique map of Perugia and Lake Trasimeno in central Italy in the Umbria region. Today the region is known it's foraged truffles and red wine. From 1603 edition "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum". Minor chipping to edges. Light stain near top centerfold. Full original margins. Abraham Ortelius 1527--1598 a Flemish cartographer and geographer is widely regarded as one of the important and influential cartographers in history. He is known for his "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum" which was the first modern atlas.<br/><br/> Ortelius, Abraham unknown books
1603213571Antwerp: Ortelius Abraham 1603. unbound. very good. Map. Engraving with original hand coloring. Image measures 13" x 18.25".<br/> <br/> Fine antique map of Perugia and Lake Trasimeno in central Italy in the Umbria region. Today the region is known it's foraged truffles and red wine. From 1603 edition "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum". Minor chipping to edges. Light stain near top centerfold. Full original margins. Abraham Ortelius 1527--1598 a Flemish cartographer and geographer is widely regarded as one of the important and influential cartographers in history. He is known for his "Theatrum Orbis Terrarum" which was the first modern atlas.<br/> <br/> Ortelius, Abraham unknown
1655216782Venice: Giovanni Turrini 1655. unbound. very good. Miniature map. Uncolored engraving. Image measures 2 7/8" x 4". 1655.<br/><br/> This miniature map of Persia belongs to a period of great cartographic interest in the early-to-mid 17th century. Conscious of the great popularity of Abraham Ortelius's miniature atlas which the famous cartographer first published in 1577 Giovanni Turrini produced a now-rare Italian version of the atlas "Il Teatro del Mondo" in which this map was included. It includes the region between the Caspian Sea in the north and the Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea in the south. Cities are labeled and rivers and forts are drawn with great care. The map is in very good condition with no chips or tears and light staining to edges. Foredges inked in red and Italian text on verso. Giovanni Turrini was an Italian publisher based in Venice. Scarce.<br/><br/> Giovanni Turrini unknown books
16247957Antwerp: Plantin-Moretus 1624. Copper engraving 36 x 46 cms modern hand colour Latin text on verso. The Dalmatian coast in antiquity. Our example was published by Balthasar Moretus at the Plantin Press in the final edition of the Parergon. Ortelius's Theatrum Orbis Terrarum is generally considered the first modern atlas of the world originally published in 1570. Ortelius gathered and selected the best available cartographic knowledge and presented it in a single volume duly credited and finely engraved in a consistent style with explanatory text. The Theatrum was very decorative and hugely popular amongst the wealthy and educated running into over forty editions in Latin and the major European languages. For Ortelius himself however his accompanying atlas of ancient geography the Parergon was a "personal work" Koeman. He seems to have regarded himself first and foremost as an antiquary and rather than copying other people's maps he drew the originals himself; they were subsequently engraved for him by the master engraver Jan Wierix. The results have to be evaluated as the most outstanding engravings depicting the wide-spread interest in classical geography in the 16th century Koeman. Koeman Atlantes Neerlandici Ort 46. Van den Broecke 203.1 Map Plantin-Moretus unknown
1646910379CGParis:, Mariette, 1646. Grenzkolorierter Kupferstich 40,5 x 54 cm, Blattgröße 43,5 x 59 cm.
1610M1853Antwerp 1610. Excellent. Size : 137x178 mm 5.375x7 Inches Coloring: Hand Colored Category: ; Maps Asia Middle East Holy Land & Palestine unknown
162425470Antwerpen 1624. Other. In excellent condition. 755 by 520mm 29 by 20 inches. Original copper engraving published 1624 in a Latin text edition of the famous historical atlas" Parergon by Abraham Ortelius. Printed from two plates. Latin text edition. Uncolored example in two sheets as published. Highly decorative engraving published from two double pages showing the dignitaries of the Holy Roman Empire. This engraving was published from 1593 for the first time in the atlas by Gerard de Jode. The plate was later acquired by Vrients and was then from 1603 onwards included in Ortelius' s "Theatrum" and the "Parergon". Our example was published 1624 in a Latin text edition of the Parergon."They represent the dignitaries entitled to choose German Emperors as instituted to end the turmoil and quarreling that occurred after the death of Charles the Great by Otto IV and the Pope. This plate shows left of the Emperor the highest ranking officials three ecclesiastical and four lay dignitaries. The second rank consists of four dukes and four marquesses the third of 8 earls." Broe. 201 Ortelius was born on 14 April 1527 in the city of Antwerp which was then in the Habsburg Netherlands modern-day Belgium. The Orthellius family were originally from Augsburg a Free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1535 the family had fallen under suspicion of Protestantism. Following the death of Ortelius's father his uncle Jacobus van Meteren returned from religious exile in England to take care of Ortelius. Abraham remained close to his cousin Emanuel van Meteren who would later moved to London. In 1575 he was appointed geographer to the king of Spain Philip II on the recommendation of Arias Montanus who vouched for his orthodoxy. He travelled extensively in Europe and is specifically known to have traveled throughout the Seventeen Provinces; in southern western northern and eastern Germany e.g. 1560 15751576; France 15591560; England and Ireland 1576; and Italy 1578 and perhaps twice or thrice between 1550 and 1558. Beginning as a map-engraver in 1547 he entered the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke as an illuminator of maps. He supplemented his income trading in books prints and maps and his journeys included yearly visits to the Frankfurt book and print fair where he met Gerardus Mercator in 1554. In 1560 however when travelling with Mercator to Trier Lorraine and Poitiers he seems to have been attracted largely by Mercator's influence towards the career of a scientific geographer. Wikipedia Broe. 201/202. State 2/2 xxij / xxj Latin text edition. unknown
1617M10653Arnhem The Netherlands: Antonii Magini c.1617. Very Good. Notes: Latin text and blank verso.<br>Rare World map taken from Ioannis Antonii Magini's Geographia Tum Veteris Tum Nova. It is published in Arnhem in 1617 and edited by Jan Janssonius. The map is specially engraved for this publication by Abraham Goos inspired by the map of Girolamo Porro of 1597 a reduction of the Mercator globe. Size : 172x246 mm 6.77x9.69 Inches Coloring: Black & White Category: Maps World; Antonii Magini unknown
1649518331649. Luguni Joannis Antoni Huguetan 1649 Folio Portrait 2 2 68 984 311 pp.; 50 655 1 46 2 pp.; 14 148 6 1 pp. zwei Pergamenteinbände d.Zt.; von einigen kleineren Mängel abgesehen ein feines Expl. Editio postrema à mendis purgatissima - Second Edition of this Opera Omnia first published 1642. ABRAHAM ZACUTUS LUSITANUS 1575-1642 - or Abraham ben Samuel Zacutus "was born in Lisbon. He studied medicine at Coimbra and Salamanca and took his degree of doctor in 1596 when he was twenty-one years of age after having attended the Universities of Salamanca Coimbra and Siguenza . He then returned to Lisbon where according to L. Lemos "In the thirty years he practiced there . He stood out preeminent among his colleagues of many lands . . . whether in discussion or in consultation in medical practice or in literary matters he easily won the palm. . . . But when there seemed that nothing could be added to the happiness of Zacutus- behold a sudden whirlwind of fate . he was plunged headlong from the high peak of the good fortune to which his merit had raised him. A most cruel edict of the king of Lusitania banished all of the Hebrew stock from the kingdom." Zacutus departed from the city of his birth when he was 50 years of age and settled in Amsterdam. " . He journeyed to Amsterdam in the hope of obtaining a peaceful abode ." Zacutus joined the Amsterdam Jewish Community and was one of that remarkable body of physicians who as Portuguese emigres won fame for themselves and added luster to Portuguese medicine; many proudly added "Lusitanus" to their names. In his "Peroration" to the first volume of his Opera Omnia Zacutus writes: " For I am a Jew and a stranger who fled from Portugal and my beloved and most lovely birthplace Lisbon tossed about hither and thither by severe misfortune and the storms of a long life. . I have allowed no day to pass-as Seneca says-without writing a line in which I showed my love for the Republic of Medicine. . I was determined to spend my life in devotion to study." He regarded " physicians as the tutelaries of Divinity sons of the gods." M. Lemos has studied Zacutus' works and presents us with an interesting summary. From this we can see that as an anatomist and pathologist Zacutus deserves special praise for the frequency with which he made autopsies at a time when they were rare. He embraced every opportunity and as a result he published post-mortem findings in the plague in affections of the heart malignant tumors renal and vesical calculi etc. He was much interested in drugs . But it is chiefly as clinician that he showed his greatness; he examined carefully with all the means then known and he relied upon his observations. As a result M. Lemos claims that the name of Zacutus is inseparable from the history of such diseases as plague diphtheria the eruptive fevers and malignant growths. He was one of the first to describe black water fever. He is praised for his studies of and contributions to the knowledge of syphilis. In estimating Zacutus' place in medicine we must bear in mind with M. Lemos that he was one of the most illustrious representatives of moribund Galenism which he defended with great loyalty. In his devotion he combated with all his force those whom he regarded as perverting the text and showing disregard to the masters. But as Carvalho points out "it is true that we had at that time some doctors who without despising traditional science by their devotion to progressive tendencies made great advance in the field of pathology and therapeutics. Of this number Zacutus and Duarte Madeira Arrais take front rank." The universality of Zacutus' interest in human diseases is everywhere apparent. His writings are arranged very systematically and no part of the body fails of attention. An interesting account could be made of the diseases of the eye which he describes and discusses. The same may be said of other organs. It is to be regretted that Zacutus did not live to publish his promised work on surgical diseases for the purpose itself furnishes proof there was nothing in medicine that was foreign to his concern. The collected works the Opera Omnia published in Lyon 1st.Ed. 1642/44 in two large volumes shortly after Zacutus' death January 22 1642 "hauptsächlich betrauert von den Armen" Hirsch but bearing the note of the author's revision present vast scholarship. They were dedicated to King Louis XIII of France. Volume I is described in its title as: The History of the Great Physicians being all the medical histories of internal diseases which are found scattered in the works of the foremost physicians most carefully arranged in proper order and supplied with explanatory notes and commentaries; together with a review of questions and matters of doubt." This is a medical history written not in chronological order of the general development of medicine nor in the sequence of eminent medical personages and their discoveries and their writings but from the point of view of single diseases their course and their treatment as recorded in the works of medical writers throughout the centuries. At the end of the volume Zacutus writes that he has presented " the histories of medical cases gathered from the foremost physicians in bountiful measure-to the number of 433 " and that he has illustrated clarified arranged and confirmed them on the authority of the most learned scholars to the number of 1711 "whom he has cited. It represents work of astounding volume. Volume II is entitled " The Practice of Cases-in which the treatment of all internal diseases is explained according to the views of leading physicians; serious doubts are discussed and resolved; and finally many practical observations are interspersed in their proper places. With an introduction of the physician into practice together with a most elegant pharmacopoeia. To which are added extraordinary medical cases by the very same author fully and newly enriched in which rare wonderful monstrous cases are presented together with their hidden causes signs courses and treatments." Each disease is considered under the following heads: Definition sometimes followed by "differentia" species causes signs prognosis treatment together with illustrative cases. The volume ends with a deeply pious and moving prayer of gratitude for Divine help-just as the book of precepts mentioned above opens with Precept I: "The physician should be a faithful worshipper of Divine Majesty "; yet in discussing objectively a medical problem he adds: "for we are physicians and not theologians! " It is also worthy of mention that the editions of 1649 and 1657 both volumes were from the same printer and are identical in form and paging with the first. What estimate have medical historians placed upon Zacutus Lusitanus Sprengel summarizes his life and work with the words that he distinguished himself as a practitioner as well in Holland as in Portugal. He commends the well ordered and carefully explained collections of cases of older writers as well as his own observations and experiences in rare cases. Daremberg describes the books as "precious works . . . still very useful." Neuburger and Pagel cite Zacutus frequently and praise his works. Neuburger regards him as the first to deal with the history of medicine." Harry Friedenwald The Jews and Medicine I pp.307-321 Cat. p.154 unknown